定语从句定语从句定语从句│专题导读北京卷对于定语从句考查:2013-2017年均有考查,且出题数量稳定在2-3题,每题一分。重点考查主、宾、表和定语从句,对于关系代词和关系副词较平均,关系代词集中考查which,that和whose,关系副词集中在where上。学习时尤其要注意以下两种定语从句:1.使用where模糊“地点”定语从句。使用where表示“一种特定的……情况”或“一个特定的……场合”。2.“分裂”型定语从句。3“介词+关系代词”定语从句。2018年对定语从句考查将会继续遵循上述考点。考情分析定语≈形容词=“······的”从句=句子定语+从句=句子可以充当定语功能的句子1.Sheheardaterriblenoise.2.Thenoisebroughtherheartintohermouth.Sheheardaterriblenoisewhichbroughtherheartintohermouth.主句先行词关系词从句(完整)(名词或代词或一句话)定语从句是什么鬼定语从句│专题导读定语从句│专题导读关系词是什么鬼who指代人,做主、宾、表whom指代人,做宾从句不完整:that指代人/物,做主、宾、表which指代人/物,做主、宾、表关系词when做地点状语where做时间状语从句完整:why做原因状语whose做定语“…的”解析:eg:(1)Isthisfactorythat/whichyouvisitedlastyear?这个工厂是你去年参观的工厂吗?(2)Isthisfactorywhere/inwhichyoulivedlastyear?这是你去年住的工厂吗?举个例子定语从句│专题导读举个例子定语从句│专题导读解题步骤1、画从句(从空到第二个谓语动词之前结束)2、从句是否完整,缺什么成分3、看先行词4、看语境5、确定答案关系词72变定语从句│专题导读1.Thereareacouple______livenextdoor.2.XieNaandZhangJiearethecouple______babyhasbeenalreadyinthewife’sbelly.3.It’sluckyformetomarrymyhero______Iamproudof.4.Andnow,therewasaWorldMusicTouroninItaly________ZhangJiespentseveraldays.()1.[2011·山东卷]Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses________arebuiltclosetoeachother.A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that【解析】D本题考查定语从句。从结构判断,houses后面是一个定语从句,先行词在从句中作主语,因此用that引导。定语从句│专题导读高考链接()2.[2011·全国卷Ⅰ]Theprizewillgotothewriter________storyshowsthemostimagination.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what【解析】C本题考查定语从句引导词的用法。本空在定语从句中作story的定语,因此用whose用法。注:1.从句完整,n1+whose+n22.翻译成“…的”3.n2属于n1的一部分定语从句│专题导读高考链接()3.[2011·四川卷]Theschoolshop,________customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where【解析】B本题考查定语从句。此处是whose引导的非限制性定语从句,在定语从句中作customers的定语。句意为“这个学校商店——其顾客大多是学生——因此放假就关门了。”定语从句│专题导读高考链接eg:(1)Hehastwosons,whoworkinthesamecompany.他有两个儿子,他们在同一家公司上班。(2)Hehastwosonswhoworkinthesamecompany.他有两个在同一家公司上班的儿子。解析:区分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句定语从句│专题导读限制性非限制性符号无逗号有逗号句意修饰限定补充说明关系词9个7个(且不能省略)无why,that先行词名词或代词名词、代词或一句话,翻译为“这”定语从句│专题导读高考链接()4.[2015·北京卷24]OppositeisSt.Paul’sChurch,________youcanhearsomelovelymusic.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where【解析】D考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为St.Paul’sChurch,定语从句中缺少地点状语,由此可知关系词应用where,故选D。定语从句│专题导读ThatWhich介词+关系词辨析1.先行词是不定代词all,much,little,something,none等时。2.当先行词前面有theonly,thevery,any,no,few,little,all等词。3.当先行词是形容词最高级修饰时。4.当先行词是序数词修饰时。5.当先行词既有人又有物时。6.当主句的主语是疑问词which,who时。7.先行词为theway/time(次)。8.当先行词在主句中做表语,而关系代词在从句中也作表语时。只用that的情形定语从句│专题导读1.当先行词指物或者前面整句话时2.在非限制性定语从句中,不用that,可能用which3.当从句中的介词提前时,不用that,可能用which只用which的情形定语从句│专题导读()5.Thebeautifulvillage,________wespentourholidaylastmonth,liesatthefootofamountain.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where【解析】D考查非限制性定语从句。先行词thebeautifulvillage表地点,定语从句wespentourholidaylastmonth中缺少地点状语,所以应用关系副词where。定语从句│专题导读高考链接()6.[2011·浙江卷]Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof________usesitsomewhatdifferently.A.whichB.whatC.themD.those【解析】A考查非限制性定语从句,介词加关系词。本句中的先行词是severaldiversecultures,在从句中作of的宾语,所以应用关系代词which。定语从句│专题导读高考链接()7.[2011·江西卷]Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction________hadtakenmorethanthreeyears.A.forwhichB.withwhichC.ofwhichD.towhich【解析】C考查非限制性定语从句,介词加关系词。句意为:她带参观者在博物馆里到处参观,这家博物馆的建设花了三年多时间。定语从句│专题导读高考链接定语从句│专题导读先行词一定在空前嘛?分隔式定语从句高考链接定语从句│专题导读()8.[2011·福建卷]Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents________allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who【解析】A本题考查学生是否能准确找到先行词atmosphere。分隔性定语从句。()9.Wehopethemeasurestocontrolhouseprices,________aretakenbythegovernment,willsucceed.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.as【解析】A考查定语从句。which引导分隔性非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词themeasures,which在从句中作主语。定语从句│专题导读高考链接()10.[2011·陕西卷]Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriends,________weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that【解析】B考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知,此处为分隔性非限制性定语从句,先行词是thetopofthehill,在此处指地点,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where,选B。其余选项与题意不符。定语从句│专题导读高考链接()11.[2014·北京卷26]IborrowedthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek,________myclassmatesrecommendedtome.A.whoB.whichC.whenD.where【解析】B本题考查非限制分隔性性定语从句。先行词为thebookSherlockHolmes,从句中recommended后缺少宾语成分,故用关系代词which引导。高考链接定语从句│专题导读()11.[2011·北京卷]MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,________,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that【解析】B考查非限制性分隔性定语从句。去掉干扰成分ofcourse后,题干会更清晰。可以看出,使大家不安的是前面所说的事情,即:MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,指代前面整个句子,要用which引导的非限制性定语从句。定语从句│专题导读高考链接定语从句│专题导读when和where模糊时间模糊地点用法()12.—Believeitornot,mysisterandIaretwins.—Oh,youmusthavehadthecase________youweremistakenforyoursister.A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.whom【解析】C考查定语从句。语意表示“你肯定有过你被误认为是你姐姐的情况”。whereyouweretakenforyoursister是定语从句,修饰先行词theease,表示的是抽象地点,where可用inwhich替换。定语从句│专题导读高考链接定语从句│专题导读1.当先行词为occasion,internal,point等抽象概念时间时,运用关系词when2.当先行词为place,case,situation,scene,job,point,activity,family等非时间概念时,运用关系词wherewhen和where()13.[2011·浙江卷]Abankistheplace________theylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.there【解析】C考查定语从句。本句中的先行词是theplace,先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where。定语从句│专题导读高考链接()14.Asaresultofourseriousstaffshortages,thesituationhasrisen________wehavetohiregraduatingcollegestudentsforhelp.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.As【解析】C考查定语从句。把从句补充完整:Wehavetohiregraduatingcollegestudentsforhelpinthesituation