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本科学生毕业论文2014年4月30日论文题目：图像增强频域滤波算法研究学院：电子工程学院年级：2011级专业：电子信息工程姓名：陈启兴学号：20115283指导教师：黄春光I摘要图像增强技术是图像处理领域研究的重点和热点之一，因为在图像处理中图像增强技术对于提高图像的质量起着重要作用。图像增强从处理的作用域出发，可分为空间域和频域两大类，其中频域增强是将原空间的图像以某种形式转换到其他空间，然后利用该转换空间的特有性质方便地进行图像处理，最后再转换回原空间中，从而得到处理后的图像，是一种间接增强的算法。随着科技的不断进步，尤其是计算机技术的发展，不断促进图像增强技术向前发展，图像增强技术逐步涉及人类生活和社会生产的各个方面。尤其在航空航天领域、生物医学领域、工业生产领域和公共安全领域有着广泛的应用，并产生了深远的意义。频域滤波算法已成为图像增强技术中的一种重要的处理方法，受到普遍关注和研究，深深地吸引着人们。频域表达在处理信号的时候有着很多空域不可比拟的优势，甚至有些空间域比较难以表达和分析的图像增强任务可以比较简单的在频域中表达和分析。首先，频域技术每次都利用图像中所有像素的数据，具有全局性质，有可能更好的体现图像的整体特性，如整体对比度和平均灰度值等。其次，在频域中分析图像的频率成分与图像的视觉效果间的对应关系比较直观，可以对频率进行选择性地处理。因此，频域表达处理方法在图像增强技术中有着极其重要的地位。本设计主要内容及基本过程是基于图像增强技术，利用滤波器在频域相关理论相关和设计方法及MATLAB在图像处理中的仿真技术设计验证基于图像增强的频域低通滤波算法。关键词图像增强；频域滤波；MATLABIIAbstractImageenhancementtechnologyisinthefieldofimageprocessingkeyandoneofthehotspots,becauseinimageprocessingimageenhancementtechniquetoimprovethequalityoftheimageplaysanimportantrole.Imageenhancementfromthescopeofprocessing,canbedividedintospacedomainandfrequencydomaintwocategories,includingfrequencydomainistoincreasethespaceofimagestoconvertsomeformtootherspace,andthenusethisconversionspaceofthespecialnatureconvenienttoimageprocessing,andfinallytoconvertbacktotheoriginalspace,therebygetprocessedimages,itisakindofindirectenhancementalgorithm.Withtheprogressofscienceandtechnology,especiallythedevelopmentofcomputertechnology,andconstantlypromotetheimageenhancementtechniqueofforwarddevelopment,imageenhancementtechniquegraduallyinvolvinghumanlifeandsocialproductioninallitsaspects.Especiallyintheaerospacefield,biologicalmedicinefield,industrialproductionareasandpublicsecurityareahasawiderangeofapplications,andhasproducedprofoundsignificance.Thefrequencydomainfilteringalgorithmofimageenhancementtechnologyhasbecomeanimportantprocessingmethod,beenpaidmoreattentiontoandstudy,deeplyattractsthepeople.Thefrequencydomainexpressioninprocessingsignalhasmanyairspaceincomparableadvantage,andevensomespacedomainweremoredifficulttoexpressandtheanalysisofimageenhancementtaskscanbequitesimpleinfrequencydomainexpressionandanalysis.Firstofall,thefrequencydomaintechnologyusingimageofeachtimeallthepixeldata,withglobalproperties,theremaybeabetterreflecttheoverallimagefeatures,suchaswholecontrastandaveragegrayvalues,etc.Second,infrequencydomainanalysisofimagefrequencycomponentsandimagevisualeffectthecorrespondingrelationsamongthemoreintuitive,candealwithtofrequencyselective.Therefore,thefrequencydomainexpressprocessingmethodinimageenhancementtechnologyplaysanveryimportantrole.IIIThisdesignmaincontentandthebasicprocessisbasedontheimageenhancementtechnologyandusethefilterinthefrequencydomainrelatedtheoryanddesignmethodandassociatedMATLABinimageprocessofthesimulationtechnologytodesigntheoneforimageenhancementoffrequencydomainfilteringalgorithm.KeywordsImageEnhancementFrequencydomainfilteringMATLAB目录摘要.................................................................IAbstract............................................................II前言.................................................................1第一章图像增强概述..................................................21.1图像噪声.....................................................31.1.1图像噪声的产生.........................................31.1.2图像噪声分类...........................................41.1.3图像噪声特点...........................................51.2图像增强处理分类.............................................51.2.1空域增强法.............................................71.2.2频域增强法.............................................71.2.3图像增强效果评价.......................................81.3空间域变换增强方法...........................................81.3.1灰度变换...............................................91.3.2直方图变换............................................131.3.3图像平滑与锐化........................................161.4图像增强技术现状与应用.......................错误!未定义书签。第二章频域滤波器相关理论和设计方法.................................232.1低通滤波器..................................................232.2高通滤波器..................................................242.3带通滤波器和带阻滤波器......................................252.4同态滤波....................................................252.5小波滤波....................................................262.5.1小波去噪原理..........................................262.5.2小波去噪算法..........................................272.5.3小波去噪优缺点........................................272.6小结........................................................26第三章基于低通滤波图像增强算法验证.................................283.1算法验证依据................................................283.2技术要求....................................................303.3基本原理....................................................303.3.1图像噪声..............................................303.3.2图像的频域处理........................................313.4建立模型....................................................323.5源程序代码..................................................333.5.1读取图像..............................................333.5.2将原图转换为灰度图....................................333.5.3图像加噪处理.....................................