Have用法

Have用法种种目标：判断have是实意动词还是助动词一、have作实意动词。1.表示“有”的意思。IhaveanEnglishbook.Hehadfairhairandblueeyes.〔注1〕：其否定和疑问形式变化，在美国通常用助动词do。〔注2〕：在英国口语中常用havegot代替have.Ihaven'tgotanyjewelry.Haveyougotanyjewelry?havegot和have意思一样，都有有的意思，havegot多用于口语。他们在下面情况下可以互换。①Ihaveapen.Ihavegotapen.“有”②Ihaveaheadache.Ihavegotaheadache.“得病”③haveto=havegotto以上三种情况have=havegothavegot是英式英语的用法，一般用语口语，非正式语言。通常美国人用have2.have和一些其他名词连用，表示：(1)一种活动。WehavenoclassesonSunday.（上课）They’regoingtohaveavolleyballmatch.（举行比赛）Arewegoingtohaveameetingthisweek?（开会）Wearegoingtohaveatalkthisafternoon.（听报告）(2)患病。Ihavegotaheadache.Ihaveabadcold.(3)发生的情况。I'vehadsomanyfallsthatI'mblackandblueallover.（跌跤）(4)生育。Thequeenantmayhavetensofthousandsofbabiesinonesummer.3.和''一''与''动词同形的名词''连用，表示一个动作（have＋a＋由动词转化和名词）。Areyougoingtohaveaswim.Ihavealongtalkwiththeteacher.4.haveonsth.或havesth.on，表示“穿着”、“戴着”(=tobewearing)。Inoticedhehadonbedroomslippers.Attheball,Maryhadadiamondnecklaceon.5.表示“吃”、“喝”。Iwantedtohaveacupofteaandsomeeggs.Doesshehavelunchathome?6.组成复合结构即“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。(使役动词)(1)不加to的动词不定式作宾语补足语(havesb.dosth.)，表示让、叫某人做某事。Thesoldierhadhimstandwithhisbacktohisfather.〔注〕：否定结构表示“不能让…”或“从未有人…”.Wewon'thaveyoublameitonothers.Ihavemychildrencleanthehousebeforeyouarrive．在你们来之前，我让孩子们把屋子打扫干净了。(2)现在分词作宾语补足语(havesb.(sth.)doing)，表示让（使）某人做某事。Iwon'thaveyousmokinginthesittingroom．我不许你在起居室里抽烟。(3)过去分词作宾语补足语(havesb.(sth.)done)，表示：使（让，请）别人作某事，表示的动作是别人做的。Ihadmypocketpickedonthesubway．我在地铁里，口袋被人掏了。二、have与to一起构成情态动词，表示“不得不”、“必须”，可用于各种时态。〔注1〕：在表示一次性动作时，haveto和havegotto是能够互换的〔注1〕：其他情况下用havetoIhave(got)tobebackbyteno’clock.Ihavetolookafterherathome.Doyouhavetolookafterherathome?三、have做助动词与动词的过去分词一起构成现在完成时和过去完成时。Greatchangeshavetakenplacethelasttwoyears.Havegreatchangestakenplacethelasttwoyears?【练一练】Ihavesomeactivitiesthisweekend.（变一般疑问句）IhavebeentoFrance.（变一般疑问句）Ifyouwanttobeanactor,you____________(不得不)takeactinglessons.(10,上城区,八上,期末)Weteenagersneedto__________(睡觉)atleasteighthours’sleepanightbecauselackofsleepwillbadlyaffectonhealthandstudy.（2011九上杭外第一次月考）---Oh,myGod!We_________missed(已经错过)thelastbus.Whatshouldwedo?[12建兰九下质检]-I’mafraidwehavenodecisionbuttotakeataxi.使役动词练习1.I’mterriblysorrytohavewater_____allthetimeafteruse.Iforgottoturnitoff.A.runB.ranC.torunD.runningE.toberunning2.Ihadmylegs___whileclimbingthemountain,whichpreventedmefromgoingtoschoolforseveralmonths.A.brokenB.beingbrokenC.havingbrokenD.tobebroken3.Evenifyouaremuchtoobusy,youshallhavethisjob____beforenextSunday.A.doingB.doC.doneD.tobedoneE.beingdoneF.bedoneG.todo4.Sorrytodisturbyou,butIhavesomeproblems____.A.toaskB.askC.tobeaskedD.beaskedE.asking5.Doyouhaveanything____?Iamgoingshoppingintheshopupstairs.A.boughtB.tobuyC.buyD.tobeboughtE.beingbought【真题赏析】找出have，说说它的意思。（不需要做题目）1.--Whynotgoswimmingwithmethisevening?(2012杭州中考模拟)--I’msotiredafter_________work,soIhavetohaveagoodrest.A.fourhours’B.fourhoursC.fourhour’sD.fourthhours’2.Ifyoucanspeakgood_______,youwillhavealotmorefunthanafresh-handinAustralia.（12中考模拟）A.FrenchB.EnglishC.JapaneseD.Chinese3.---Ihavejustboughtanewcar.Shallwegofora_________onSaturday?（10杭州拱墅区模拟）---Awonderfulidea.I’msureitwillbefun.fishB.walkC.rideD.Hike4.---HaveyoueverreadTheOldManandSea?---Thebookwrittenby________?Yes.Ilikeitverymuch.（11某校阶段性测试）A.WilliamShakespeareB.CharlesDickensC.HemingwayD.MarkTwain5.Idon’thaveabasketball,butmybrotherhas_________.(07,萧山,七上期末)thatB.thisC.itD.One6.Ihave_____aunt.____nameisLinda.(11,文澜,七上u3-4)A.a,HerB.an,HerC.an,She7.Ihavegotmanycollectionsofsnowglobes.Youmaytake____ifyoulike.A.eitherB.oneC.itD.None8.—TwoEveningPapers,please?—Onlyonecopyleft.Wouldyouliketohave____,sir?A.oneB.itC.thisD.That9.----Haveyougot______goodfriendsinYongkang?（10，某校，七上期末）----No,butIhavegot_______inJinhua.A.any;someB.any;anyC.some;someD.some,any10.StudentsinChinahavedifferentfoodforbreakfast.Somehavemilkandbread.______havehamburgers.(10,高桥,七下期中)A.theotherB.othersC.theothersD.Other11.Youwillhave______friendsifyoualwaysshoutatthem.(11,保俶塔,八上,期中)afewB.fewerC.lessD.alittle12.TodayIhave_______houseworktodo.(11,十三中,八上,期中)A.toomuchB.toomanyC.muchtooD.Many13.I'msorry,butIhave____totellyou.(11,桐庐,八上,期中)A.importantnothingB.somethingimportantC.importantanythingD.nothingimportance14.—Howmanyelephantshaveyouseen?—___________.(11,某校,九上期中)A.NoneB.NothingC.NooneD.No15.—Whatahotday!Haveyouhadadrink?—Yes.ButI’dliketohave___________afterwork.(11,某校,九上期中)A.itB.oneC.otherD.Another16.What’swrongwithmyfingers?(09,杭外,七下期中)Let________havealook.Uh,Idon’tknow.Icanaskmyfatheraboutthis.Heisadoctor.A.IB.meC.weD.Us