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第二部分语法专题研究专题三冠词【考情概览】分析近5年云南真题可以看出除昆明外，其余地市均考查冠词。主要在单项填空中以考查不定冠词a/an的基本用法为主，零冠词和定冠词为冷考点。其中不定冠词的基本用法属于高频命题点。命题点一不定冠词a/an的基本用法命题点二定冠词the的基本用法命题点三零冠词的基本用法练讲重难点1.—Bytheway,doyouhave____E-mailaddress?—Sure,I’llwriteforyou.A.aB.anC.theD.不填C重难点精析考点抢测2.—Wehave_____8-dayholiday.—Whynotgoto_____WestLake?A.a;aB.a;anC.an;theD.an;aC3.Lilyis______activegirlandsheisgoodatplaying______guitar.A.an;/B.a;theC.an;theD.a;/C考生在解答冠词类试题时，首先分析语境，若是能直接翻译成“一个”，则通常用不定冠词a/an，并要注意空后的词以元音音素开头时用an；若空格后的名词为特指，则通常用定冠词the。零冠词一般有特殊的用法。满分点拨不定冠词a/an的基本用法（5年4考14次）1.常见用法用法例词或例句用于第一次提到的人或事物的名称前Isawaboyoverthere.Hewassleeping.我看到一个男孩在那边。他正在睡觉。命题点一用法例词或例句用于指一类人或事物中的任何一个，相当于any（2015年2次，2012年3次；2011年2次）IwanttobuyanEnglishbook.我想买本英语书。表示数量“一”，相当于one或eachIhaveamouth,anoseandtwoeyes.我有一张嘴，一个鼻子和两只眼睛。用法例词或例句指某人或某物，但不具体指明哪个人或物Amaniswaitingforyouatthegate.有个人正在大门口等你。表示类别，泛指某一类人或物Ahorseisbiggerthanarabbit.马比兔子大一些。用法例词或例句表示“每一”的意思，相当于everyonceaweek一周一次；200kilometersanhour每小时200公里用在such,quite,rather,half,what等词之后suchabusyday如此忙的一天；halfanhour半小时用法例词或例句用在某些固定搭配中abit一点；inaword总而言之；haveatry试一试；haveapicnic（2012红河州27题）2.an用于元音音素前的常见词列表Aaanapple/anartist/anaunt/anAsiancountry/anAmericangirl/anactor（2015云南26题）EeaEuropeancountry/anegg/aneight-year-oldboy（2011红河州31题）/an11-year-oldboy/anearthquake（2011昭通37题）Iianidea/aninterestingstory（2014曲靖31题）Ooanorange/anoldman/anoutgoinggirlUuausefulbook/auniversitystudent/aUFO/ausualstory/anumbrella（2011红河州31题）/anuglyman/anuncle/anunusualstory/anunhappysmile特别记不规则：anhour/anhonestman（2012西双版纳州31题）定冠词the的基本用法（2012～2011各1次）用法例句用在双方都知道的人或事物前Givemethepen,please!请给我递一下那支笔。命题点二用法例句特指上文已提过的人或事物Mymotherboughtmeabook.Thebookisveryinteresting.我妈妈给我买了一本书，那本书很有趣。用在世界上独一无二的事物前Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。用法例句用在序数词前和形容词的最高级前（副词最高级前可以省略）Thesecondgirlistheshortestbutsheruns(the)fastestofall.第二个女孩是最矮的，但她跑得最快。用于形容词前表示一类人或事物Theyoungshouldbepolitetotheold.年轻人应该对老人有礼貌。用法例句用于姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻TheWhitesaregoingtohaveapicnictomorrow.怀特一家明天将去野餐。用在表示方位的名词前XinjiangliesinthewestofChina.新疆位于中国西部。用法例句用在与play连用的西洋乐器名称前（2012大理州26题）Heplaysthepianoverywell.他钢琴弹得非常好用在专有名词前theGreatWall长城,theSummerPalace故宫用法例句用在固定搭配中atthesametime同时；intheway挡道，碍事；allthesame始终，一直；ontheotherhand另一方面；inthemorning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上(2011曲靖31题）；bytheway顺便问一句；intheend最后零冠词的基本用法（2012年3次）情况举例用在三餐、球类、语言、学科、棋类名词前havesupper吃晚饭;playfootball踢足球用在季节、月份、星期前Sunday周日；summer夏天命题点三情况举例用在与by连用的交通工具名词前bytrain坐火车；bybus坐汽车用在专有名词前BeijingStreet北京街；Teachers’Day教师节情况举例用于名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格修饰时thisbook这本书;myson我的儿子;Jack’sbike杰克的自行车CedarGulchwas,in1851,aflourishingcamp.Therehadbeensomegoodfindhatdidhesay?thenew-comerasked.[15]Iheardhimsay,'Itisnouseyourgoingonlikethat,mates.Ifyouhadgonedownhewouldhavegothisfriends,andthentherewouldhavebeenageneralfight,andseveralwouldhavegothurt.Whenyouhavemurderersliketheseyoudon'twantafight—youwantanexecution;andhavingasortofnaturalknackwiththepistol,Itookituponmyselftobeexecutioner.'Therewasanothercase,althoughitdidn'thappenatthecampIwasat,inwhichawomanwasmurderedbyahalf-breedMexican.Ididnothearthecircumstances,butitwasashockingbadcase.Sheleftachildbehindher,andherhusband,alittleGerman,wentcleanoffhishead.NextmorningLimpingFrankwasmissing.Allthatwasknownwasthathehadboughtahorseofamanwhohadcomeinlatethenightbefore,andwasgone.Histwomateslookedhighandlowforhim,butsaidatlasttheyguessedhewouldturnupagain.Itwaswell-nightwomonthsbeforehecameback.Hebroughtbackwithhimawatchandsometrinketsthathadbeenstolenfromthemurderedwoman,anditseemsthathehadfollowedthefellowrightdownintoNewMexico,andhadshothimthere.Themanwhotoldmesaidhenevermadeanytalkaboutit,butwasatworkasusualthemorningafterhecameback.ItellyouIwouldratherquarrelwithSimHowlettandEnglishBilltogetherthanIwouldgetthatlittleman'sdanderup.Heisapeacemakertoo,heis,andmanyaquarrelhehassmootheddown.Atonecampwewereinwemadehimasortofjudge,andwhenevertherewasadisputeaboutclaims,ortools,oranythingelse,wewenttohimandhedecided,andnojudgecouldhavegoneintothecasefairerorgivenabetterjudgment;andthough,incourse,thosehedecidedagainstwerenotpleased,theyhadtoputupwithit.Inthesbythefirstprospectors,andarushhadofcoursefollowed.Inmanycasesfirstdiscoveriesprovedillusive,butitwasnotsoatCedarGulch.Thegroundturnedoutwell,andalthoughnoextraordinaryfindsweremade,theaveragewasgoodalloverthebottom,andtherewerefewwhowerenotdoingfairlywell.Thescenewasabusyone.Severalhundredsofmenwerehardatworkontheflat,whichinwinterwasthebedofawidestream,butwhichinsummerwasamerethreadofwateramongtherocks,scarceenoughforwashingpurposes.Everywherewerepilesofstonesandrubbishthathadbeenbroughtupfromtheshafts;mentoiledatwindlasses;othersemptiedthebucketsastheycameupintoswingingtroughsorcradles;othersagainkeptthesesuppliedwithwater,andswungorrockedthem,takingoffthelargestonesthatthemotionbroughttothesurface,whiletheslushandmudranoutatthelowerend.New-comersmovedaboutwatchingtheworkwitheagereyes,wishingthattheyhadhadthelucktogetthereamongtheearlyarrivals,andtotakeupaclaim,foreveryfootofgroundfardownthevalleyhadalreadybeenoccupied,and[12]therewasnownogettingintoaclaimexceptbypur