Effective sentences

EffectiveSentencesCorrectnessUnityClarityCoherenceEmphasisCorrectnessTrytoavoid:1.Run-onsentences（不间断句子、逗号谬误句子、串句）2.Fragmentarysentences（破句、不完整句子）3.Faultyparallelism（错误平行结构）4.Misplacedmodifiers（错置修饰语）5.Danglingmodifiers（垂悬修饰语TheotherkindsoferrorsthatviolatethecorrectnessofsentencesTheincorrectuseoftenseorvoiceThewrongwordorderTheincorrectcollocationThespellingmistakeThedisagreementbetweenthesubjectandthepredicateThedisagreementbetweentheantecedentandthereferencepronounTheincorrectuseofpartofspeechThewordinessTheconfusingshiftsThevaguereferenceUnityTrytoavoid:1.Choppysentences（不连贯的短句）2.Stringysentences（冗长句）3.Disconnectedsentences4.IncompletesentencesChoppysentencesTheideaofoneunifiedsentenceshouldnotbechoppedintoseveralsimplesentences.Ifasimpleideaisbrokenupunnecessarilyintotwoormoresentences,thesentencewillfailtoshowtherelationshipbetweenideas.ChoppysentencesHefoundthekitchenwindowopen.Heputaladderagainstthewindow.Heclimbedin.Findingthekitchenwindowopen,heputaladderagainstitandclimbedin.MybestfriendatuniversitywasourEnglishteacher.HernamewasWangPing.ShetaughtusEnglishfortwoyears.MybestfriendatuniversitywasourEnglishteacher,WangPing,whotaughtusfortwoyears.choppysentences指两个或两个以上简短句子排列在一起,这些短句提供的信息量很小,甚至把一个简单的思想内容也割裂成两个或两个以上的内容用短句加以表达。虽然这些句子语法正确,但不连贯,显得乏力。StringysentencesAstringysentencereferstoasentencewhichiscarelesslystrungtogetherbyusing“and”,“but”,“so”and“then”.Astringysentenceoftenresultsfromcombiningtoomanyindependentclausesintoonesentence.Combinedtogetherthiswaythesentencebecomesnotonlychildishandmonotonousbutalsoineffective.StringysentencesThecompetitionforcollegeenrollmentisextremelykeenthisyearandthecandidatesspenddaysandnightspreparingfortheentranceexaminationsneglectingtheirhealthandsothenewspaperscarryarticlesurgingteachersandparentstotakeupthisproblemseriously.Asthecompetitionforcollegeenrollmentisextremelykeenthisyear,thecandidatesspenddaysandnightspreparingfortheentranceexaminations,neglectingtheirhealth.Inviewofthis,thenewspaperscarryarticlesurgingteachersandparentstotakeupthisproblemseriously.DisconnectedsentencesBorninasmalltowninSouthChinaintheearly50s,hegrewuptobeafamousmusician.HewasborninasmalltowninSouthChinaintheearly50s.Inhischildhoodhelikedtosingsongs.Laterheenteredaconservatory(音乐学院).Inthe70shebecameafamousmusician.IncompletesentencesDuFuwasoneofthegreatestpoets.DuFuwasoneofthegreatestpoetsoftheTangDynasty.DuFuwasoneofthegreatestpoetsinChina.ClarityTrytoavoid:Vagueandwrongreferencesofpronouns(代词的模糊和错误指称)Unspecifiedcomparison(不具体的比较)Lackofnecessarydetails(必要细节的缺乏)Confusingshifts(模糊的转换)AnntoldherclassmateJanethatshehadwonthefirstprize.AnntoldherclassmateJane,“Ihavewonthefirstprize.”AnntoldherclassmateJane,“Youhavewonthefirstprize.”Thestudentusedsomemixedfiguresofspeechinhiswriting,whichtheteacherdisapprovedof.Theteacherdisapprovedofthestudent’suseofsomemixedfiguresofspeechinhiswriting.Theroomwascrowdedwithpeople.Somewerejokingandlaughingnoisily.Othersweredrinkingandsmoking.Thismadehimsick.Theroomwascrowdedwithpeople.Somewerejokingandlaughingnoisily.Othersweredrinkingandsmoking.Theatmospheremadehimsick.Inthearticleitpointsoutthat60percentofAmericanhighschoolstudentshavecheatedatleastonceontests.Thearticlepointsoutthat60percentofAmericanhighschoolstudentshavecheatedatleastonceontests.IlikeJaneasmuchasAnn.IlikeJaneasmuchasIlikeAnn.IlikeJaneasmuchasAnndoes.Johnistallerthananystudentinhisclass.Johnistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.Bettyisclevererthananyoneinherfamily.Bettyisclevererthananyoneelseinherfamily.Theplanyoumadeismorepracticalthanshemade.Theplanyoumadeismorepracticalthantheoneshemade.Itspriceisevenhigherthangold.Itspriceisevenhigherthanthatofgold.Comparedwiththelossofapurse,thiswouldcauseadisaster.Comparedwiththelossofapurse,thiswasmuchmoreserious.Itwouldcauseadisaster.ConfusingshiftsShiftsinvoiceandsubjectShiftsinpersonandnumberShiftsintenseShiftsinmoodThemandrovethecarattopspeedandaladywasrunover.Themandrovethecarattopspeedandrunoveralady.Theprofessorlefttheclassroomafterthelecturewasfinished.Theprofessorlefttheclassroomafterhefinishedthelecture.Ifoneworkshard,wearelikelytopasstheexam.Ifoneworkshard,he/sheislikelytopasstheexam.Ifapersonthinksonlyofhimself,theywillhavefewfriends.Ifapersonthinksonlyofhimself,hewillhavefewfriends.Hestudiedharddayandnightbutfailstopasstheexam.Hestudiedharddayandnightbutfailedtopasstheexam.Firststopthenoiseandthenyoumaystartthediscussion.Firststopthenoiseandthenstartthediscussion.CoherenceParallelismSubordinationAmanisjudgednotonlybywhathesaysbutalsobyhisdeeds.Amanisjudgednotonlybywhathesaysbutalsobywhathedoes.Wethoughtshewascharming,intelligent,andaverycapableyoungwoman.Wethoughtshewascharming,intelligent,andverycapable.DevicesusedtoachievesubordinationUsinganadverbialclauseUsinganattributiveclauseUsingan“-ing”participialphraseUsingan“-ed”participialphraseUsinganappositiveItislateandIhavetoleave.Becauseitislate,Ihavetoleave.Shewatersthetreeeveryday,anditturnsdry.Althoughshewatersthetreeeveryday,itturnsdry.Thegirl