情态动词和虚拟语气1.(2013北京)—Youneedn'ttakeanumbrella.Itisn'tgoingtorain.—Well,Idon'tknow.It________do.A.mightB.needC.wouldD.shouldA第一个人说不会下雨,第二人回答Idon'tknow,因此可知,到底下不下雨是不大肯定的事情,故使用might表推测“有可能”。2.(2013湖南)He________sleep,althoughhetriedto,whenhegotonsuchahuntforanideauntilhehadcaughtit.A.wouldn'tB.shouldn'tC.couldn'tD.mustn'tC根据后文“althoughhetriedto”可知他不能入睡。3.(2013江西)WhenIwasachild,I________watchTVwheneverIwantedto.A.shouldB.couldC.mustD.needB根据句意,当我还是孩童的时候,每当我想看电视的时候都能够看。should“应该”;could“能够”;must“必须”;need“需要”。4.(2013辽宁)Harryisfeelinguncomfortable.He________toomuchatthepartylastnight.A.coulddrinkB.shoulddrinkC.wouldhavedrunkD.musthavedrunkD此处考查情态动词对过去发生的事情的推测。句意:Harry感觉不舒服。昨晚的聚会上他肯定喝了不少。对过去发生事情的肯定推测,用musthavedone。5.(2013陕西)Thechildren________lostinthewoods;otherwise,theywouldhavebeenatthelakesidecampasscheduled.A.musthavegotB.mustgetC.shouldhavegotD.shouldgetA副词otherwise之前的句子表示推测,之后的句子表示虚拟。句意:孩子们肯定在树林里迷路了,否则的话,他们就该按计划在湖边的宿营地了。musthavedone表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测,意为“肯定已经”。6.(2013四川)—Whyareyoureyessored?You________havesleptwelllastnight.—Yeah,Istayeduplatewritingareport.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.won'tA根据语境“眼睛那么红,昨晚不可能睡得好”可知,此处考查情态动词can的否定式can't表推测,意为“不可能”。can'thavedone表示对过去的推测,意为“过去不可能……”。7.(2013天津)Noone________bemoregenerous;hehasaheartofgold.A.couldB.mustC.dareD.needA句意:不可能有人比他更慷慨,他心肠很好。can/could“可能”。done,由此可知是对过去的虚拟,故从句用过去完成时态表示对过去的虚拟。16.(2013陕西)Mymomsuggeststhatwe________eatoutforachangethisweekend.A.shouldB.mightC.couldD.wouldA题干关键词为suggest,表示建议,其后所接的名词性从句应用“(should+)动词原形”的虚拟语气。17.(2013天津)IfhehadspentmoretimepractisingspeakingEnglishbefore,he________abletospeakitmuchbetternow.A.willbeB.wouldbeC.hasbeenD.wouldhavebeenB此题为if虚拟条件句,从句时间为before,故是对过去的虚拟,用过去完成时态,主句时间为now,故是对现在的虚拟,因此用情态动词过去式后接动词原形。18.(2013浙江)Eyedoctorsrecommendthatachild'sfirsteyeexam________attheageofsixmonthsold.A.wasB.beC.wereD.isB题干关键词为recommend“推荐;建议”,后接宾语从句时应用(should+)动词原形的虚拟语气,此处省去了should。19.(2013重庆)—Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning.I'mgladwetookanumbrella.—Yeah,wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe________.A.hadn'tB.haven'tC.didn'tD.don'tA虚拟条件句的主句从句均为对过去的虚拟,if从句应使用过去完成时态。20.(2013安徽)I________tomycousin'sbirthdaypartylastnight,butIwasnotavailable.A.wentB.hadgoneC.wouldgoD.wouldhavegoneD句意:昨晚我本来要去参加我表亲的生日聚会,但没去成。表示对过去的虚拟用情态动词过去式后加havedone。1.(2013安徽皖南八校联考)AsawellknownChinesesayinggoes,“Ifyouwanttoberich,you________firstbuildroads.”A.mayB.mustC.canD.willB句意:正如一句众所周知的中国话所说,“要致富,先修路”。此处考查情态动词的基本含义,must“必须”。2.(2013内蒙古赤峰月考)—Jennytookthe8:00bustoGuangzhouthismorning.—Really?She________the9:00train.It'smuchmorecomfortableandsafertotravelbytrain.A.couldhavetakenB.shouldtakeC.musthavetakenD.cantakeAcan/could后面跟完成时,表示“本能够做某事(却没做)”。句意:“珍妮坐今天上午八点去广州的汽车。”“真的吗?她本可以坐九点的火车的。坐火车旅行要舒适安全得多。”3.(2013太原五中月考)It'simportantthatthefuture________withagoalofcaringfortheenvironment.A.willbuildB.wouldbebuiltC.bebuiltD.wasbuiltCitis+形容词+that主语从句中使用虚拟语气形式,这类形容词包括necessary,important,essential,imperative,urgent,preferable,vital,advisable等,从句谓语用should+动词原形,should可以省去。4.(2013石室中学月考)—IpromiseShirley________getanewiPadonherbirthday.—Willitbeabigsurprisetoher?A.willB.wouldC.shouldD.shallD此处情态动词shall表示允诺,指答应给雪莉一台新iPad。句意:“我许诺会给雪莉买一台新iPad作为她的生日礼物。”“对她这会是个惊喜吧?”5.(2013湖南师大附中月考)Whenwewereincollege,we________stayeitherinthelaborinthelibrary,devotingourselvestobooks.A.shouldB.wouldC.canD.needB此处用would指过去通常发生的行为。句意:当我们读大学时,我们常常待在实验室或图书馆,忙着看书。6.(2013江西名校联考)—I'mgoingtoTibetforsomedays.—Really?HowIwishI________getawayforawhile.A.mustB.shallC.couldD.needCIwish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,与现在事实相反用一般过去时。7.(2013山东莘州中学月考)—Johnwenttothehospitalalone.—Ifhe________meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.A.shouldtellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtoldD虚拟条件句表示与过去事实相反时,条件句用过去完成时,主句用wouldhavedone。8.(2013山东四市联考)It________havebeenshewholeftherchildalone;sheisn'tsuchaperson.A.couldn'tB.mustn'tC.mightn'tD.wouldn'tA句意:不可能是她让孩子独自待着,她不是这样的人。根据语义可知此处用couldn'thavedone,表示对过去情况的否定推测,语气肯定。9.(2013河北保定一中模拟)Theboy________bereallyannoyingattimes,butafterawhile,you'llgetusedtohim.A.mustB.shouldC.shallD.canD根据句意“那个男孩有时候真的让人恼火,但是过一会儿,你就会习惯他的”可知,此处应用can,表示“偶然发生的可能性”。10.(2013合肥质检)—Cometosupperwithus,Peter.—Great!I________bringabottleofwine.A.willB.canC.mayD.mustA此处will表示的是说话人的主观意愿,意为“愿;要”。11.(2013东北三校联考)—Idon'tknowwhattogetformyfather'sbirthday.—You________buyhimaTshirt.Therearemanynewstylesintheshop.A.needB.couldC.wouldD.shallB句意:“我不知道给我爸爸买什么生日礼物。”“你可以给他买一件T恤。商店里有很多新款。”could“能够;可以”,符合句意。12.(2013北京东城期末)Thedriver________havedrunkalotbeforetheaccident,butIamnotquitesureofthat.A.mightB.mustC.shouldD.wouldA从后半句“butIamnotquitesureofthat”可知空白处是对过去发生事情的不肯定推测,因此用might。13.(2013河南洛阳统考)Nostudent________gooutofschoolaftereleveno'clockatnightwithouttheteacher'spermission.A.shallB.mustC.willD.mayA句意:未经老师的允许,学生不可在晚上十一点之后去校外。此处shall用于第三人称,表示“应;必须”,常用于条约、规定等文件中。14.(2013山东潍坊三县市联考)—MayItakethisbookoutofthereadingroom?—No,you________.Youreadithere.A.mightn'tB.won'tC.needn'tD.mustn'tD根据答语的第2句话可知“不能把书拿出阅览室”,表禁止,故选D项。15.(2013南京一模)—Whydidyouleavehimashewasalone?—Butwhat________otherwise?Heneverlistenstome.A.couldIdoB.shouldIdoC.couldIhavedoneD.mustIhavedoneC在虚拟语气中,有时假设的情况并不是以条件状语从句的形式表示,而是通过相应的介词或连词,如without,