浪漫主义时期背景介绍

PartIII.LiteratureofRomanticism浪漫主义文学（1815-1865）I.BackgroundInformation1.Historically:thetimeofwestwardexpansion2.Economically,industrializationandsocialdisorder3.Politically:two-partysystem4.Culturally:changesofwayoflife;enhancementofeducationII.LiteraryCharacteristics1.Romanticism[TB.P.41-43]Theendof18thcentury,RomanticMovementappearedinEngland.IntroducedtoAmericain19thcentury.Pluralistic,yethassomethingincommon:stressesthevalueofmanorindividualismandintuitiveperception,thinkingNatureoriginatesgoodnessConcentrationonthefreeexpressionofemotions,personality,originalityandimaginationAmericanRomanticismhasdistinctfeaturesofitsown.[TB.P.41-42]（BothImitativeandindependent）①theexpressionof“arealnewexperience”with“analienquality”②AmericanPuritanismasaculturalheritage③the“newness”oftheAmericansasanation2.Literaturewasnolongeraservantofpoliticsorreligions.ceasedtobedidacticgaineditsownpersonalityandfeatures3.FormationofNationalismandtheNewEnglandRenaissance[4.Transcendentalism超验主义]AboutRomanticism•RomanticismappearedinEnglandinthe18thcentury;•arebellionagainsttheobjectivityofrationalism•thefeelings,intuitionsandemotionsweremoreimportantthanreasonandcommonsense;•stressedthecloserelationshipbetweenmanandnature,emphasizedindividualismandaffirmedtheinnerlifeoftheself;cherishedstronginterestinthepast,especiallythemedievalandwereattractedbythewild,theirregular,theindefinite,theremote,themysterious,andthestrange.faithinthevalueofindividualismandintuitiveperception:displaypersonalities,expressfeelingsandideas,stressmen’srightsforfreedomandhappinesshumannatureisofgoodwill;Mancanknowtheworldthroughhisownability/conscience/intuitionnaturewasasourceofgoodnessandman’ssocietiesasourceofcorruptionTheliteraryworksofromanticismmostlyreflectedthefantasticandthrillingstoriestakingplacelongagoandfaraway,richinmysticcolor.Theromantichadapersistentinterestintheprimitiveliterature,inwhichhefoundinspirationofvariouskind.showedaprofoundadmirationandlovefornature.Thebeautyandperfectionofnaturecouldproduceinhimunspeakablejoyandexaltation.