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小升初时态专题一四种时态的区分陈剑平1、说学生：六年级上学期基础中上的状元班学员或一对一学员。2、说教材：现在进行时、一般现在时、一般将来时已在六年级之前学了，但很多同学未能完全掌握。六年级上册U10出现了一般过去时，学生处于初学阶段。3、教学重点：学生能区分，并掌握四种时态的标志词和基本结构。4、教学难点：易错点的分析讲解。5、说学法：互动式探究学习小学的时态分几种？•一、现在进行时（四年级下）•二、一般现在时（五年级上）•三、一般将来时（五年级上）•四、一般过去时（六年级上）一、现在进行时1、概念：现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调“此时此刻”。2、标志词：look看；listen听；now现在；3、基本结构：be+doing（注意：人称不同，be的形式也不同）E.g.Heisreading.Theyaretalkingnow.现在分词的变法规律：•1、一般在动词词尾加上-ing,E.g.jump--jumping•2、以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加-ing.E.g.have--having\write--writing•3、重读闭音节结尾的词，要先将词尾的辅音字母双写，再加上-ing.E.g.sit–sittingput--putting1.I____(write,amwriting,iswriting,arewriting)aletternow.2.Look,it_____(begin,isbeginning,ambeginning,arebeginning)torain.3.They____(study,isstudying,amstudying,arestudying)medicineattheMedicalInstituteofChengdethesedays.4.He_____(teach,amteaching,isteaching,areteaching)anEnglishlessonatthistime.二、一般现在时：1、概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。2、标志词：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSundays,etc.3、基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词e.g：Hegoestoschooleveryday.Theygotoschooleveryday.Heisateacher当主语是第三人称时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，加-s/es。除此之外都用动词原形。动词第三人称单数形式变化规则规则例子一般在词尾加-sPlay→playsleave→leavesswim→swims以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的词加-es，读/iz/,如果动词原形词尾已有e,则只加-s。pass→passesfix→fixesteach→teacheswish→wishesdo→does以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先变y为i,再加-es,读/z/study→studiescarry→carriesfly→flies1.He______(be,am,is,are)ateacheratNo.2MiddleSchool.2.He______(have,has)classesintheafternoon.3.He______(get,gets)upathalfpastsixeverymorning.4.Healways_____(come,comes)toschoolontime.5.He______(study,studies)veryhardathislesson.6.Oneandtwo_____(be,is,are)three.7.Blueandyellow_____(make,makes)green.8.Theearth_____(move,moves)roundthesun.三、一般将来时1、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。2、标志词：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。3、基本结构：1）begoingto+do；（be有人称变化）2）will+do.3）shalldo（第一人称）e.g：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisweekend.1、There_____someshowersthisafternoon.AwillbeBwillhaveCisgoingtobeDaregoingtohave2、It____mybrother’sbirthdaytomorrow.She_____aparty.Aisgoingtobe;willhaveBwillbe;ishavingCwillbe;isgoingtohaveDwillhave;isgoingtobe3、LiMingis10yearsoldnow,nextyearhe_____11.AisBisgoingtobeCwillbeDwilltobe四、一般过去时1、概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。2、标志词：1）yesterday或以其构成的短语：yesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening)等；2)由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语：lastnight,lastyear(winter,month,week)等；3)由“时间段+ago”构成的短语：amomentago,ashorttimeago,anhourago等；4)其它：justnow等3、基本结构：•①be动词（注意be的人称变化，用过去式）Iwasintheclassroomyesterdaymorning．Hewasintheclassroomyesterdaymorning．Theywereintheclassroomyesterdaymorning．•②行为动词动词过去式形式变化规则构成规则例子一般在动词原形末尾加-edlook→lookedplay→playedwork→worked结尾是e的动词在末尾加-dlike→likedlive→livedhope→hoped末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edplan→plannedstop→stoppeddrop→dropped结尾是“辅音字母＋y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加-edstudy→studiedworry→worriedcry→cried不规则动词过去式•过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式•is\am_________fly_______plant________•are________drink_________•play_______go________make________does_________dance________•worry________ask_____•am,is-wasare-weredo-didsee-saw,say-saidgive-gaveget-gotgo-wentcome-camehave-had,eat-atetake-took,run-ran,sing-sangput-put,•make-made,read-readwrite-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rodespeak-spokesweep-swept,buy-boughtswim-swam,sit-satbring—broughtcan-couldcut-cutbecome-becamebegin-begandraw-drewfeel-feltfind-foundforget-forgothear-heardkeep-keptknow-knewlearn-learnt（learned）leave-leftlet-letlose-lost•meet-metsleep-sleptteach-taughttell-toldwrite-wrotewake-wokethink-though1.He____(be,was,were,been)hereamomentago.2.They____(be,was,were,been)herejustnow.3.Thescientists_____(leave,leaves,leaved,left)forAmericayesterday.4.Lastweekwe______(visit,visited)theScienceMuseum.历年真题•例1（2012年小升初大联盟考试考题）•1、Annoften____________(watch)TVathome,She__________(watch)againlastnight•这题考察动词的时态。第一个空，关键词是often和Ann，判断应该用一般现在时的第三人称单词。Watch后加es。第二个空，关键词lastnight，判断应该用一般过去时，Watch后加ed•〔标准答案〕watcheswatched〔真题回顾〕•1、__________(noteat)inthelibrary,Tonny.•2、________yourdadoften_________(water)theflowersonweekdays.•3、Bequietplease,thechildren_____________(have)lessonintheclassroom.•4、She_________(be)shortin2002,butnowshe_________(look)taller.•5、MissChen_________(start)fromMacaotwohoursago.Allofthestudents_________(wait)herherenow.课后思考与讨论•1、四种时态的肯定句如何转化为否定句？•2、四种时态的肯定句如何转化为一般疑问句？•3、四种时态的肯定句如何转化为特殊疑问句？