三门核电项目国际招标和自主化发展战略规划

上海交通大学硕士学位论文三门核电项目国际招标和自主化发展战略规划姓名：顾军申请学位级别：硕士专业：工商管理指导教师：周朝民20051016I21200551620(ICONE13th)202040004%1617%2%20204%3202020046002020II20049282005228ASE2005IIISANMENNUCLEARPOWERPROJECTINTERNATIONALBIDDINGANDSELF-RELIANCEDEVELOPMENTSTRATEGYABSTRACTAfterthehumanbeingsstrodeintothe21stcentury,thedevelopmentofnuclearpowerhadre-invokedtheattentionoftheinternationalnuclearenergycircleandmanycountries’governmentswiththerapidincreaseofeconomicdevelopmentanddemandforenergy.Successively,countrieslikeUSAandRussia,etc.begantooutlinethefuturenuclearenergydevelopmentplanning.Mr.ZhangHuazhu,ViceMinisterofCommissionofScience,TechnologyandIndustryforNationalDefenceCOSTINDandPresidentofChinaAtomicEnergyAuthority(CAEA)addressedanimportantpresentationatthe13thInternationalConferenceofNuclearEnergy(ICONE)heldfromMay.16to20,2005,andpointedout“Chinahastakenthenuclearpowerasasignificantpartoftheenergystrategyandhasincorporateditintothenationalelectricpowerdevelopmentplanning.Theratioofnuclearpowerintheenergysupplywillbegraduallyincreasedthroughdevelopmentinstepsandstages.Inthecoastalregionswitheconomymoredevelopedandelectricloadmoreconcentrated,nuclearpowerwillbecomeanimportantbackboneoftheelectricpowerstructure.Accordingtothepreliminaryplanning,theinstallednuclearpowercapacitywillreach40,000MWebytheyear2020,whichwillbeabout4%ofthewholecountry’stotalinstalledelectricpowercapacity.”DuetotherapiddevelopmentofeconomyinChina,energybecameshortofsupply.Inrecentyears,electricpowersupplyislackingthroughoutthewholecountry.Therefore,theproblemswithunreasonableenergyIVcompositionandinsufficientresourceswillprobablybecomeoneofthecrucialfactorsrestrainingtheeconomicdevelopmentinChina.Tosolvethisproblem,onesolutionistosaveenergy,i.e.tomaintaintheeconomicdevelopmentthroughdecreasingtheunitenergyconsumption.Anothersolutionistodevelopnewenergy.However,aspertheanalysisoftheexistingenergytypesintheworld,currently,besidesthefossilenergy,nuclearenergyshouldbethemosteconomic,provenandrealisticenergywhichcanprovidealternativeenergyinlargescale.Presently,theelectricityprovidedbythenuclearenergyis16-17%ofthetotalelectricitygeneratedintheworld,yetinourcountry,itisonly2%.CurrentlytheinstalledelectricpowercapacityofChinaisNo.2intheworld.Accordingtotherequirementsofthenationalelectricpowerplanning,i.e.“theconstructednuclearpowercapacityshouldreach4%intheyear2020”,thatmeansthree1000Mweclassnuclearpowerunitsshouldcommencetheconstructionineachofthenexttenyears.Sointhenext15years,Chinawillbecomethebiggestnuclearpowerconstructionmarketintheworld.Aimingatthat,theStateCouncilofP.R.Chinadecidedtotakefulladvantageofthisopportunityfordevelopmentonthebasisoftheexistingnuclearpowerconstructionandoperationexperiencesofourcountry,directlyimportingtheinternationallymostadvancedGEN3PressurizedWaterReactor(PWR)technology.Withthatasaturningpoint,Chinawillstudyanddevelopnuclearpowertechnologywiththeirownintellectualproperty,promoteChina’snuclearpowertohaveaskipdevelopmentandreachtheinternationallyadvancedlevelinashorttimesoastomakegoodpreparationfortheforecastednewroundofnuclearpowerdevelopmentafter2020intheworld.In2004,theCountrydecidedtotakeSanmen(Zhejiang)andYangjiang(Guangdong)nuclearpowerprojects(ForPhaseIProjects,therewillbe4unitswiththetotalinvestmentasofaboutRMB60billion.)astheself-reliancesupportprogramsforimportingadvancednuclearpowerVtechnology,andperforminternationalbiddingprocesstoimporttheinternationallymostadvancedGEN3PWRnuclearpowertechnologysoastomotivateandacceleratethenationalnuclearpowerdevelopmentandaccomplishthetargetsetfor2020.OnSeptember28,2004,biddingprocesswasformallycommencedforthenationalnuclearpowerself-reliancesupportprograms.Feb.28,2005isthedeadlineforthebidssubmission.WestinghouseofUSA,Framatome-ANPofFranceandASEofRussiaparticipatedinthecompetitivebidding.TheNIsupplierisscheduledtobepreliminarilyselectedattheendof2005.Itisworthyofnotethatthistimetheinternationalbiddingisdifferentfromtheotherthreenuclearpowerprojectsimportedfromabroadbefore.ThatthreenuclearpowerprojectsimportedrespectivelyfromFrance,CanadaandRussiainthepastweremainlytoresolvetheelectricpowergenerationproblemandtomaintaintheintactnessofthenuclearindustrysystem.Self-relianceandlocalizationwerenotconsideredasthekeypoints.Whilethistimethefocusoftheinternationalbiddingistodigestandabsorbthemostadvancedtechnologythroughimporting.Tosomeextent,itisakindofusingthemarkettoexchangethetechnology.Anothersubstantialdifferenceisthatallthepreviouslyimportednuclearpowerprojectswereprovenproductswithbuilt-upreferencepowerstationandoperationperformanceforreference.WhilewhatistobeimportedthistimeisthelatestPWRnuclearpowertechnologywhichwasdevelopedbasedonproventechnology,butwithoutreferenceofbuilt-uppowerstationandoperationperformance.Fornewtechnologywhichhasnotbeenverifiedbythepractice,inevitablytherewillbetechnicalandconstructionrisksofdifferentdegrees.Therefore,SanmenNuclearPowerCompany,Ltd.(SMNPC)whoundertakestheowner’sresponsibilitymuststudyindepththevarietyofrisksthatmayoccurduringtheimportofthep