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毕业设计说明书塔式起重机的电气控制系统的设计专业电气工程及其自动化学生姓名班级学号指导教师完成日期电气与信息工程学院塔式起重机的电气控制设计摘要：可编程控制器是一种为工业控制所设计的专用计算机，在各种自动控制系统中有着广泛的应用。利用PLC对老设备进行技术改造，是工厂提高设备利用率，提高产品质量和产量，减轻工人劳动强度的有效途径。在现代社会里,塔式起重机广泛应用于冶金、化工、船舶及其他企业，为了保证其工作的安全可靠，需要定期测试。文中提出采用可编程控制（PLC）技术，可以高效率、高质量的实现起重机的现场自动检测。随着科技的进步,研究可编程序控制器（PLC）在塔式起重机中的控制运用是一个非常有意义的课题。本次课题内容为用可编程序控制器（PLC）控制塔式起重机。主要目的是解决目前塔式起重机控制中存在的一些问题，合理地利用PLC的硬件资源和软件资源，充分利用各种指令的简化控制程序，做到控制程序应尽量简单，便于理解，并有一定的规律性以便能适合于不同控制的要求。由于对塔式起重机的检测需要在现场进行，就要求检测控制设备要接线方便、便于携带、工作可靠、控制灵活，PLC可以满足这些要求。关键词：塔式起重机；PLC；控制梯形图TheDesignoftowertypederrick-controlAbstract:Programminglogiccontroleisisakindofanindustrycontroldesignofappropriationcalculator,haveanextensiveapplicationinvariousautocontrolsystem.MakeuseofPLCtocarryonthetechniquereformationtotheoldequipments,isthefactoryexaltationequipmentsutilization,raisetheproductqualityandyield,easethevalidpaththattheworkerlaborsstrength.Inmodernsociety,Towercamehasbeenapplieddifferententerprisesuchasmetallurgicalindustry,chemicalindustry,shippingindustryandsoon.Inordertoguaranteeitsworksafetymeasures,itmustbetestedatregularintervals.On-the-spotautomatictestingofcamehighefficiencyandqualityisachievedbyprogrammablecontroltechnology.Towercameplaysamoreandmoreimportantroleinalotofplaces.Alongwithresearchandtheadvanceofscienceandtechnologymayprogramminglogiccontroler(PLC)intowercameincontrolutilizeisaverymeaningfulprogram.thisdesigncontentisusetheprogramminglogiccontroler(PLC)controlatowercame.Majorpurposeissolutionexistinpresenttowercamecontrolsomeproblems,usesoftwareresourceandthehardwareresourceofPLCreasonably,raisethesafereliabilityofelevatorandtheflexibilityofoperation,reducetheinputexportportofPLC,usetheeasiercontrolprogramofvariousinstructionsfully,accomplishcontrolprogramshouldasfaraspossiblesimple.Inordertoneedingtobecarryononthespottotheexaminationofthetowercame,willbegtheexaminationcontrolequipmentsandconnectlineconvenience,easytotake,workcredibility,controlvivid,PLCcansatisfytheserequests.KeyWords:Towercame;PLC;P塔式起重机的电气控制系统的设计目录1概述................................................................................................................................12塔式起重机的发展及控制现状.....................................................................................12．1塔机的发展...............................................................................................................12．2传统的塔式起重机的控制现状...............................................................................22．3塔机的优点塔机产品分类.......................................................................................32．4塔机的电气设备.......................................................................................................42．5塔机的工作机构.......................................................................................................43PLC的选择与课题介绍.................................................................................................53．1PLC的发展...............................................................................................................53．2PLC的控制原理....................................................................................................53．3用PLC控制塔机的优越性.....................................................................................63．4塔机的电气控制设计内容......................................................................................73．5PLC的选型...............................................................................................................73．6塔式起重机PLC控制系统原理............................................................................114塔式起重机电气控制的硬件设计...............................................................................124．1塔机电动机控制电路设计.....................................................................................124．2PLC的输入输出接线设计......................................................................................134．3流程图..................................................................................................................155塔式起重机控制的软件设计......................................................................................155．1进退机构工作设计.................................................................................................15175．2左、右行机构工作设计.........................................................................................185．3起升机构工作设计.................................................................................................205．4回转机构................................................................................................................225．5声光指示控制设计.................................................................................................245．5限位保护闭锁及复位操作设计.............................................................................246结束语........................................................................................................................26参考文献..........................................................................................................................27附录..................................