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英语阅读微技能---细节理解题之解题策略阅读常见题型观点态度细节理解五年高考课标卷Ⅲ阅读理解题量统计年份题量题型2015课标全国卷Ⅲ2016课标全国卷Ⅲ2017课标全国卷Ⅲ2018课标全国卷Ⅲ2019课标全国卷Ⅲ细节理解题1189710主旨大意题11122推理判断题14451词义猜测题12111观点态度题10000文章结构题00000纵观近五年高考，可以看出_____________的考查所占比例一直维持在50%左右.细节理解题就是对文章中的特定细节或具体事实进行判断和认定的题。细节理解题组内核对课前练习答案并展示；1.哪些题属于细节理解题？2.细节理解题的设问方式是什么?1.Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,who,what,which,how,etc.)___?2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect/true?（三误一正）3.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext?（三正一误）4.Whatdoweknowabout...?5…..细节理解类型一直接辨认型间接辨认型类型二集中型分散型测试学生对特定细节或重要事实的辨认能力细节理解题类型划分1：•直接辨认型:如：WhichbuttonsdirectlycontrolthemovementoftheRocketBall?记住信息获取信息回忆并对号入座间接辨认型:同义（反义）转换、排序、图文转换、数字转换、Thatmeansitwilltakeabout26yearstofinishtheproject.Whenwillthecastleprobablybecompleted?A.In2018B.In2023C.In2030D.In2032加工转换获取信息得出正确释义如：Asismentionedinthecard,thelimitationoftheresearchpapermainlyliesinthat__________集中型:1.WhichofthefollowingisNotMentioned/True?2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat___.3.Allthefollowingstatementsmaybetrueexcept___.分散型:正确答案和干扰项对应的细节分散在文中多处Spotthedifferences•步骤和方法：Step1：题干中选定关键词（定位词）Step2：通过略读、查读锁定文中定位区域Step3:结合信息区域上下文理解、比对Step4:排除干扰项，筛选得出答案细节理解题解题原则及步骤、方法：•原则：忠实于原文原句及全篇逻辑关系，不能主观臆断定位词通常是哪些词？1.人名、地名等专有名词；年份、数字等数词及题干中的大写名词2.指代具体事物或人物的名词3.词义鲜明的动词、形容词、副词等实词题干和正确选项的典型特点？？？WhenIwasgrowingupinAmerica,Iwasashamedofmymother’sChineseEnglish.BecauseofherEnglish,shewasoftentreatedunfairly.Peopleindepartmentstores,atbanks,andatrestaurantsdidnottakeherseriously,didnotgivehergoodservice,pretendednottounderstandher,orevenactedasiftheydidnothearher.41.Whywastheauthor'smotherpoorlyserved?A.ShewasunabletospeakgoodEnglish.B.Shewasoftenmisunderstood.C.Shewasnotclearlyheard.D.Shewasnotverypolite.替换关键词（同/近义词替换）Confucius...assumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomehadmorepotentialthanothers,andthatitwasknowledgethatsetmenapart.Socratesfocusedonindividual,andthoughtthatthegreatestpurposeofmanwastoseekwisdom.Hebelieved...WhatmadesomepeopledifferentfromothersaccordingtoConfucius?A.FamilyB.PotentialC.KnowledgeD.Community词性或语态变化Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru'sfinancialproblem?A.ItsleadersmisusedthemoneyB.ItspenttoomuchrepairingtheislandC.ItsphosphateminingcostmuchmoneyD.Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar.语言简化，长话短说Tobeclear,becomingaparentismuch,muchharderformywife.ButLaceydoeshaveonethingthatI‘vestruggledtofind:aspacetotalkaboutbalancingworkwithparenthood.Dueinparttothephysical,mentalandemotionaltollsofpregnancyandchildbirth,momsoftenfindcommunityinthosesharedexperiences.Whatisbotheringtheauthor?A.Hiswifeisfullyoccupied.B.Hisdaughteristroublesome.C.Heisfailingtobalanceworkandlife.D.Hecanfindnowheretoseekchild-raisingadvise.正话反说题干和正确选项的典型特点•替换关键词：把文中关键词转化替换成同/近义词，设置题干或正确选项。•词性或语态变化:把原文句中的词变换词性或语态，以制造理解障碍。•语言简化,长话短说：把原文中散杂语言现象进行提炼总结，成为题干或正确答案。•正话反说：把原文中的意思反过来表达。1.关注起承转合的过渡词，如however，but，moreover，therefore，hence，thus，nevertheless等，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。2.警惕语气绝对的词，如：must,never,themost,all,merely,only,haveto,any,no,none，completely,absolutely等，通常不是答案3.关注试探性语气的词，如probably,possibly,may,usually,might,moreorless,relatively,belikelyto,notnecessary,tendto，beliableto，往往是答案选项的其他注意事项了解题目设计常考位置因果关系处转折处引言处列举处比较处自主学习核对答案并思考干扰选项的典型特点？？？正误并存；半对半错TherobotBuddycanguardthehomewhentheresidentsarenothomeandcontactaperson’sphoneifitdetectsanintruderorfire.Manyoftherobotshavecamerasthatactaseyes.Forthoseconcernedaboutsomeonehackingintoarobottopeepintoahome,therearesafeguardstolookforwhenpurchasingone.“Whenthecameraisactivated,wewillshowitonthescreenandspecificlightssoyouknowthatsomeoneisusingyourcamera,”HasselvandersaidaboutBuddy.•Whatdoweknowabout“Buddy”?A.2018willwitnessBuddygointodifferentfamilies.B.Buddyisequippedwithspecialeyestoprotectitself.C.Buddycansafeguardthehomeandsoundthefirealarm.D.Buddyhasanadvantageoverconventionalsmartproducts.Foodsometimesgetspoisonedwithharmfulthings.Apersonwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.Thesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfood.Feverisoneofthemostcommonsymptoms.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTrue?A.Foodwhenpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.以偏概全；过于夸大无中生有；主观臆想Thecrewsaremakingprogressatabouthalfthespeedoftheworkersfrom800yearsago.Thatisbecausemanyofthemareaccustomedtousingmoderntools.Whenthecrewsuseheavychisels(凿子)andhammerstobreakrock,astheydidhundredsofyearsago,theyarelearningastheygo.Thegoaloftheprojectistolearnmoreaboutoldbuildingtechniquesincasetheymightbeofusetoday.Whatisthepurposeofbuildingthecastleintheancientway?A.Tocopyafamousancientbuilding.B.Toexperiencetheanc