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Unit8Isthereapostofficenearhere?本单元要掌握的短语SectionA1a1.掌握常用的地点名词：hotel旅馆bank银行supermarket超市restaurant饭店hospital医院park公园zoo动物园library图书馆clothesstore服装店mall购物中心payphone投币式公用电话postoffice邮局policestation警察局bus/train/subwaystation公共汽车/火车/地铁站airport机场关于路桥：bridge桥road马路street街道highway大路，公路avenue大街；林荫大道2掌握表示方位的介词和介词短语：on在上面under在下面in在里面beside在旁边near在附近nextto在…..旁边，紧靠…infrontof在…前面behind在后面acrossfrom在….对面between…and….在…和…之间3.intheneighborhood在附近aroundhere在这周围4.onCenterStreet在中央大街上ontheFifthAvenue在第五大街SectionB1c1.go/walkalonggoup/down沿着……走gostraight(along)….(沿着)….直走2.ontheright/left（名词）在右边/左边onone’sleft/right在某人的左边/右边turnleft/right（副词）向左/右转turnleft=turntotheleft向左转turnright=turntotheright向右转3.atthefirst(序数词)crossing/turning在第一个十字路口/转弯处atthetrafficlights在交通灯处4.gettothelibrary=arriveatthelibrary=reachthelibrary到达图书馆2b1..spendtime花时间looklike看起来像watchsbdoingsth.看见某人正在做某事5.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事enjoyreading喜欢阅读6.cleanv打扫adj.干净的(反)-dirty脏的cleaner，名词，清洁工SectionA1.Excuseme打扰了，对不起用法：因询问事情，打扰别人而表示歉意时的用语，常用在问路之前。sorry对不起因做错事，说错话时向别人道歉时的用语。2.Howcan/mayIhelpyou?需要我帮忙吗？表示向他人伸出援手，主动提出帮助的意思，类似的句子还有：e.g.May/CanIhelpyou?=WhatcanIdoforyou?Doyouneedanyhelp?IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?3.I’mnewintown.我新来此地。town表示所居住的地方或城市里的闹市区;城里,为不可数名词。e.g.Isthereagoodplacetoeathere?I’mfromoutoftown.这儿有吃饭的好地方吗？我对这里不熟。4.acrossfrom介词词组,意为“在……的对面”。如：e.g.Weliveacrossfromthestreet.我们住在街道的对面。在英语中,“在……的对面”还可以用其他的短语表示,例如：1)Thebusstopisontheothersideoftheriver.汽车站在河对面。2)Thefruitshopisoppositethepostoffice.水果店在邮局对面。5.【辨析】nextto与near的区别从空间讲near只表示“在……附近”；而nextto有“紧挨着”之意；nextto比near靠的更近。e.g.PetersitsnexttoMike.彼特紧挨着迈克坐。PetersitsnearTom.彼特坐在汤姆附近。6.【辨析】辨析between和amongbetween介词,表示“在……中间”,常与and连接,构成短语。例如：e.g.IsitbetweenLucyandLily.我坐在露西和莉莉中间。among也表示“在……中间”,但是between是指在两者之间,而among是指在三者或三者以上的中间。例如：e.g.Mybrotherisamongthoseboys.我哥哥在那群男孩中间。7.infrontof和inthefrontof在……的前面1)infrontof在……的前面强调在某事物范围之外的前面e.g.Thereisabankinfrontofthehospital.在医院的前面有一家银行。2)inthefrontof在……的前面强调在某事物范围内的前面e.g.Theteacher’sdeskisinthefrontoftheclassroom.讲台在教室的前面。8.cross动词横过；越过across,介词横过；穿过e.g.Hehastowalkacrosstherivertoschool.Hehastocrosstherivertoschool.他上学必须穿过一条河。9.across和through的区别，都是介词，通常和动词连用1）across:表示从一定范围的一边到另一边,动作在物体表面进行。go/walkacrosstheroad/bridge/street2）through:从中间穿过,动作在内部进行。gothroughtheforest/park问路指路常用句型：一．问路1)Excuseme,whereisthe….?2)Excuseme,istherea...nearhere?3)Excuseme,whichisthewayto...?4)Excuseme,canyoutellmethewayto(去……的路)..?5)Excuseme,howcanIgetto...?6)Excuseme,canyoutellmehowIcangetto...?=Excuseme,canyoutellmehowtogetto...二．提供问路信息时，可以说：（1）Goalong/down/upthisstreet/road.顺着这条路往前走。（2）Gostraightaheadandturnleftatthethirdtrafficlights.一直往前走，在第三个红绿灯处左转。（3）Takethesecondturning/crossingontheright/left.=Turnleft/rightatthesecondturning/crossing.第二个转弯处/十字路口右/左转（4）Goonuntilyoureachtheend.继续走到路的尽头。Goalongthisroadtotheend.沿着这条路走到尽头。（5）You'llseethe…ontheright/left.在右/左边，你就能看到…。（6）It'snexttothe…/infrontofthe…/behindthe…/ontheleft(right)of…它与…相邻/在…前面/在…后面/在…左(右边)…（7）TaketheNo…busanditwilltakeyouthere.坐…路公共汽车就能一直把你带到那里。（8）Youcan'tmissit.意思是“It'sveryeasytofind!”你很容易找到它！SectionB1.spend花（时间、金钱）（1）spend…onsth（名词）在某事或某物上花费e.g.Iusuallyspendonehouronmyhomework.我通常花费一个小时做作业Ispendtenyuanonthebook.我花10元买这本书(2)spend…(in)doing花费……做某事e.g.Iusuallyspendonehour(in)doingmyhomework.我通常花费一小时做作业2.payv.付钱；付费；付款（过去式为paid）1）payfor+物“付钱买某物”e.g.Hepaidforthebooks.2）ay+钱+for+物“付多少钱买某物e.g.Hepaid200yuanforthebooks.3）paysbsomemoneyforsth=paysomemoneytosbforsthe.g.Hepaidher20dollarsfortheshoes.Hepaid20dollarstoherfortheshoes.他为了买这双鞋付给她20美元。3.see/watch/hearsbdoingsth看见/观看/听见某人正在做某事e.g.Ilovetowatchthemonkeysclimbingaround.我喜欢看猴子到处爬。Ioftenhearsomegirlssingingintheclassroom.4.Togettothepark,youjusthavetocrossCenterStreet.togettothepark是目的状语前置，此句子中的just起增强语气的作用，和此处的haveto表示“只要，仅需”。e.g.Togetagoodgrade,wemuststudyhard.5.enjoyv.享受；喜爱enjoyableadj.高兴的1)enjoysth喜欢某物2)enjoydoingsth喜欢做某事Heenjoyslisteningtomusic.他喜欢听音乐3)enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime玩得高兴6.easy容易的修饰名词easily容易地；轻松地修饰动词Thequestionissoeasy.这个问题如此简单。Youcangettothelibraryeasily.你很容易就能到达图书馆。7.It’sone’sturntodosth轮到某人做某事e.g.Itisourturntocleantheclassroom.Taketurnstodosth.轮流去做某事e.g.Taketurnstocleantheblackboard.语法知识：Therebe句型therebe+主语（名词）+其他，表示在某地有某人或某物(1)肯定句基本结构：There（there是引导词，没有词义）be（谓语动词）+sb/sth（某人/物是主语）+地点（作状语，多为介词短语）eg.Thereisabank（可数名词单数）intheneighborhood.Thereissomesalad（不可数名词）onthetable。Therearesomestudents（可数名词复数）intheclassroom.(2)Therebe句型就近一致原则当主语是几个并列名词时，要根据离be动词最近的一个名词来确定be的形式。谓语动词be在人称和数上应以后面的第一个名词保持一致。e.g.Thereisaboyandtwogirlsintheroom.Therearetwogirlsandaboyintheroom.(3)Therebe句型的否定句：在be后加not.e.g.Thereisapostofficenearhear.—Thereisn’tapostofficenearhere.(4)Therebe句型的一般疑问句：将be动词提到句首。肯定回答：Yes，thereis/are否定回答：No，thereisn’t/aren’te.g.Isthereapostofficenearhere?Yes,thereis.No,thereisn’t.Arethereanyrestaurantsnearhere?Yes,thereare.No,therearen’t.（5）.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词（组）+be+there+其他Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?Therebe句型与have/has的区别：Therebe句型表示客观存在;have/has表示主观拥有注意：Therebe句型不能与have/has连用。佳作欣赏：Iliveinaveryniceneighborhood.Thereisabigparknearmyhome.Itismyfavoriteplaceinthene