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直接引语和间接引语的转化—祈使句一.在第一单元中我们学习了陈述句和疑问句的直接引语变间接引语的用法，本期主要讲解祈使句的直接引语变间接引语的用法。先看两个句子：1.“Couldyouspellthatword?”theteachersaidtohim.→Theteacheraskedhimtospellthatword.（请求语气）2.Thefathersaidtohischildren,“Don'tmove!”→Thefathertoldhischildrennottomove.（命令语气）由此看来，当我们把直接引语中的祈使句变为间接引语时，通常要变成ask,invite，tell，order，suggest,advise，request，warm，beg，command，encourage等转述动词，再加上动词不定式（not）todo的形式。其中主要的三种常用结构为：1.表示（请求,邀请）某人做某事时用asksb.（not）todosth.注意：一般祈使句中有“please”,Wouldyou....?，CanI....?Shesaidtous,“Pleasehavearest.”→Sheaskedustohavearest.Hesaid,“wouldyouliketogoshoppingwithme？”→Heaskedmetogoshoppingwithhim.Jimsaidtohisdeskmate,“CanIborrowyourruler？”→Jimaskedhisdeskmateifhecouldborrowher\hisruler.2.表示（命令，吩咐）某人做某事时用tellsb.（not）todosth.注意：一般祈使句中有“Don't，或动词原形开头，没有please.Theoldmansaid,“Don'tsmokeinthehall.”→Theoldmantoldmenottosmokeinthehall.Mothersaidtotheboy，“Hurryup！”→Mothertoldtheboytohurryup.“Goandwashyourface,Tom,”Mothersaid.→MothertoldTomtogoandwashhisface.3.表示（建议）某人做某事时用suggest/advisethat+主语+should+vadvisesbtodosth注意：一般祈使句中有“Let's..../You'dbetter....”“Let'sholdameetingtonight.”hesaidtous.→Hesuggestedthatweshouldholdameetingthatnight.“You'dbetterstarttomorrow.”TomsaidtoAlice.→TomadviseAlicetostartthenextday.二．注意：当祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时：1.因为祈使句表示“请求”、“命令”等口气，后面都是加（not）todo的形式，所以祈使句直接引语变为间接引语不存在动词的时态变化。2.但是如果后面跟的如果不是（not）todo的形式，而是句子形式，就存在句子的时态变化。3.人称、指示代词、时间、地点状语等的变化还应根据第一单元中我们学习的陈述句和疑问句的直接引语变间接引语的方法进行相应的改变。三．习题练习1.“Stoptalking!”themonitorsaidtotheclass._________________________________________________________________2.“Let'sbreakintosmallgroupsnow.”shesaidtous._________________________________________________________________3.“Wouldyoubuysomebreadforme?”hesaidtoLinda._________________________________________________________________4.Theteachersaid，“Standupanddon'tbeafraidtosaywhatyouthink.”_________________________________________________________________5.Thepatientsaid,“CanIsithere,Lisa？”_________________________________________________________________B)填空完成间接引语，每空一词。6.“Don'tforgettogivethemessagetomywife,”hesaidtoLiPing.He_______LiPing______________forgettogivethemessageto_______wife.7.“Mum,pleasehelpmefindmyshirt,”hesaid.He_______hismother_______help_______find_______shirt.8.“Useyourknifetocuttheleaves.”themanagersaidtotheguard.Theofficer_______theguard_____________________knifetocuttheleaves.9.“Willyousleepandgetupearlynextweek,MeiMei?”Fathersaid.Father____________________________and_______upearly_____________________.C)单项选择。10.“Don'tworryaboutme,”she_______hersister.A.saidtoB.referredtoC.thankedtoD.spoke11.“_______helpmewithmyEnglish?”shesaid.A.ShallweB.DoyouC.CouldyouD.Mightyou12.Shetoldme_______anoiseinthehall.A.don'tmakeB.nottomakeC.makenottoD.tomakenot13.Martin_______hisdogtoliedownunderthebigtree.A.madeB.hadC.promisedD.ordered