虚拟语气PPT

SubjectiveMood虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法•1）概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。•2）在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if是如果的意思。句型：条件从句主句一般现在时shall/will+动词原形Ifhecomes,hewillbringhisviolin.典型例题Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit___.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israined答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。注意：1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用begoingto表示将来，该用shall,will.(错)Ifyouleavenow,youarenevergoingtoregretit.(对)Ifyouleavenow,youwillneverregretit.2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall(will)+动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。非真实条件句条件从句结果主句与现在事实相反If…+动词过去式（动词be的过去式用were）wouldshouldcould+动词原形might与过去事实相反If…+过去完成式（haddone）wouldshouldcould+havedonemight与将来事实相反动词过去式If…+should+动词原形wereto+动词原形wouldshouldcould+动词原形might1.与现在事实相反•条件从句:did/were主句:would/should/could/might+do•Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou.Ifwehadtime,wewouldgowithyou.•如果我是你，我会申请那份工作的。IfIwereyou,Iwouldapplyforthejob.•即使我有钱，也不会买它。EvenifIhadthemoney,Iwouldn’tbuyit.•要是你知道谁打破了玻璃，你会怎么办？Whatwouldyoudoifyouknewwhobroketheglass?2.与过去事实相反•条件从句:haddone主句:would/should/could/might+havedone•Ifshehadworkedharder,shewouldhavesucceeded.Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Iwouldhavetoldhimaboutit.•如果当时听了你的话，我就不会犯这样的错误了。IfIhadtakenyouadvice,Iwouldn’thavemadesuchamistake.•如果我再认真一点的话，我可以做的更好。IcouldhavedoneitbetterifIhadbeenmorecareful.•如果他没生病，他昨晚可能回来的。Ifhehadn’tbeenill,hemighthavecomelastnight.3.与将来事实相反•条件从句:did(were)/shoulddo/weretodo主句:would/should/could/might+do•Ifyousucceeded/shouldsucceed/weretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.•如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。Ifitrainedtomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.•要是我来做这件事，我会用另一种方法。IfIweretodoit,Iwoulddoitinanotherway.4.错综时间条件句•在虚拟语气中，有时条件从句动作发生的时间和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，称为错综时间条件句。这种句子的形式往往要根据句子的时间相调整，分别处理。•Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.•Ifyouhadfollowedthedoctor’sadvicethen,youwouldbeallrightnow.•注：时间有时会省略4.虚拟条件句的倒装•从句部分如果含有were,should,或had,可将if省略，再把were,should或had移到从句句首，实行倒装。•Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus.=Iftheywereherenow,theycouldhelpus.•Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim=Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.•典型例题_____todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherday.A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasI答案C.特殊的虚拟语气词：should1）Itisdemanded/necessary/apity+that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should加动词原形，should可省略。(1)suggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted；+(should)do(2)important,necessary,natural,strange,essential,urgent,advisable,right,vital,apity,ashame,nowonder(3)Itissuggestedthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Itisnecessarythathe(should)cometoourmeetingtomorrow.特殊的虚拟语气词：should2）在宾语从句中的应用在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。•order,suggest,propose,require,demand,request,insist,command,insist+(should)do•Isuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.•Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.特殊的虚拟语气词：should•注意：如suggest,insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。•Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybodyobeytherules.•判断改错:Youpalefacesuggeststhatyou(should)beill.Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyouareill.Iinsistedthatyou(should)bewrong.Iinsistedthatyouwerewrong.特殊的虚拟语气词：should3）在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.wish与现在事实相反did/wereWish+与过去事实相反haddone与将来事实相反would/could/should/mightdo•IwishIwereabird.•IwishIwouldgotoFrancesomeday.•IwishIhadn’ttoldhimthatyesterday.•我希望和你一样高。IwishIwereastallasyou.•我希望明天下雨就好了。Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.Itis(high)timethat•Itis(high/about)timethat后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。•Itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed.Itistime(that)wehadbreakfast.Itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed.翻译练习•1.Ifhehadknownthiswouldhappen,（他当初也许会以不同方式行事）.•2.IfIhadrememberedtoclosethewindow,（小偷就不会进来）.•3.Isuggestedhe____________________（使自己适应）hisnewconditions.•4.Ifyouhad_____________________(听从了我的劝告，你就不会陷入麻烦）•5.Itissuggestedthattheairconditioner____________________（要安装在窗户旁边）翻译练习•1.hewouldhaveacteddifferently或Hewouldhaveactedinadifferentway•2.thethiefwouldnothavegotin•3.shouldadapthimselfto•4.followedmyadvice,youwouldnotbeintroublenow.•5.istobeinstallednexttothewindow.THEEND