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TheModernPeriodinAmericanLiteratureBiographyWorksandStyleSelectedworksIfAmericahadanationalpoetinthe20thcentury,itiscertainlyRobertFrost.•BorninSanFranciscoin1874.•Atthedeathofhisfather,whenFrostwaseleven,hismotherbroughthimtoMassachusetts.•Aftergraduatingfromhighschoolin1892,FrostenteredDartmouthCollegebutsoonleft.•In1895,hegotmarried.Inordertosupportthefamily,hedidoddjobs:teachingschoolandworkinginamillandasanewspaperreporter.•In1897,hewasacceptedasaspecialstudentbyHarvardbutwithdrewaftertwoyearsbecauseofhisincreasingdislikeforacademicconvention.•Forthenexttwelveyears,Frostmadeaminimallivingbyteachingandfarmingwhilecontinuingtowritehispoems.•In1912,heandhisfamilymovedtoEngland,wherehefoundapublisherforhisfirstbookofverse,Aboy’swill(1913)•In1914,Frost'ssecondbook,NorthofBoston,waspublishedbyDavidNutt.•Determinedtowinrecognitioninhisnativeland,FrostreturnedtotheUSandsettledonafarminhisnativeland.•In1915,FrostrelocatedhisfamilytoNewHampshire.•Forforty-twoyears,from1921tohisdeath,FrostspentalmosteverysummerandfallteachingattheBreadLoafSchoolofEnglishofMiddleburyCollege.•In1963,hediedonJanuary29inBoston.Works1.CollectionofpoemsABoy’sWill（1913）NorthofBoston（1914）NewHampshire（1923）CollectedPoems（1930）AFurtherRange（1936）AWitnessTree（1942）West-RunningBrookMountainIntervalIntheClearingPulitzerPrize2.PoemsBirchesAfterApple-PickingStoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEveningTheRoadNotTakenAcquaintedwiththeNight3.PlaysAWayOut:AOneActPlay(HarborPress,1929).TheCow'sintheCorn:AOneActIrishPlayinRhyme(SlideMountainPress,1929).AMasqueofReason(Holt,1945).AMasqueofMercy(Holt,1947).•“Allpoetryisareproductionofthetonesofactualspeech.”诗乃实际说话音调之复制品。•“Writingfreeverseislikeplayingtenniswiththenetdown.”诗歌如不讲韵律，就像打网球不设拦网一样。RobertFrostsaid:RobertFrostalsosaid:•“Iamalwayssayingsomethingthat'sjusttheedgeofsomethingmore.”Howdoyouunderstandtheedgeofsomething?Frost'sstyle•Frost'snaturepoetryiscloselyrelatedtohispastoralism.heusedsymbolstoformeverydaycountrylifetoexpresshisdeepideas.•Rejectedtherevolutionarypoeticprinciplesofhiscontemporaries,heusedtraditionalformssuchastheblankverse,plainlanguageofruralNewEnglanders.•Thereisasteadytoneofwryhumorandavirtuallyinexhuastibleverbalgrace.•Asawhole,Frost'sartisanactofclarification,which,withoutsimplifyingthetruth,rendersitinsomedegreeaccessibletoeveryone.FeaturesofHisPoemsProfoundmeaningsarehiddenunderneaththeplainlanguageandsimpleform.(1)Hispoemsmostlywroteaboutnature(influencedbyWordsworthandEmerson)andNewEnglandlandscape.(2)Deceptivelysimplestyle(reasonforpopular)(3)Symbolism(showhispoems’deepmeaning)(4)Hewaslikelytochoosetraditionalformsforhispoem,butthethemesofhispoemsaremostlymodern.(Inhispoems,traditionalelementsandmodernelementsmingletogether.)Thematicconcerns•GenerallyFrostisconsideredaregionalpoetwhosesubjectmattersmainlyfocusonthelandscapeandpeopleinNewEngland.•Thesethematicconcernsincludetheterrorandtragedyinnature,aswellasitsbeauty,andthelonelinessandpovertyoftheisolatedhumanbeing.•Frostwrotemanypoemsthatinvestigatethebasicthemesofman'slife:theindividual'srelationshipstohimself,tohisfellow-man,toworld,andtohisGod.StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEveningWhosewoodstheseareIthinkIknow.HishouseisinthevillagethoughHewillnotseemestoppinghereTowatchhiswoodsfillupwithsnowMylittlehorsemustthinkitqueerTostopwithoutafarmhousenearBetweenthewoodsandfrozenlakeThedarkesteveningoftheyear.HegiveshisharnessbellsashakeToaskifthereissomemistakeTheonlyothersound'sthesweepOfeasywindanddownyflake.Thewoodsarelovely,darkanddeep,ButIhavepromisestokeep,AndmilestogobeforeIsleep,AndmilestogobeforeIsleep.雪夜林畔小驻余光中译想来我认识这座森林，林主的庄宅就在邻村,却不会见我在此驻马，看他林中积雪的美景。我的小马一定颇惊讶：四望不见有什么农家，偏是一年最暗的黄昏，寒林和冰湖之间停下。它摇一摇身上的串铃，问我这地方该不该停。此外只有轻风拂雪片，再也听不见其他声音。森林又暗又深真可羡，但我还要守一些诺言，还要赶多少路才安眠，还要赶多少路才安眠。SelectedfromNewHampshire,thepoemiswritteniniambictetrameter（抑扬格四音步）withtherhymeschemeasAABA-BBCB-CCDC-DDDD.Thepoempresentsapictureoftranquility:onawinterevening,asleighdriverstoppedbyawoodwhileeveryingiscoveredwithsnow.However,thesceneoftranquilityisnotwithoutthetemptationofdeath.Thespeakerforawhilewasratherattractedbythemysteryofdeath.Fortunately,hisformerpromisesremindedhimofhisresponsibilityintheworldandhewasdetachedfromthedarkwoods.LoveandaQuestionAStrangercametothedoorateve,Andhespokethebridegroomfair.Heboreagreen-whitestickinhishand,And,forallburden,care.HeaskedwiththeeyesmorethanthelipsForashelterforthenight,AndheturnedandlookedattheroadafarWithoutawindowlight.ThebridegroomcameforthintotheporchWith,'Letuslookatthesky,Andquestionwhatofthenighttobe,Stranger,youandI.'Thewoodbineleaveslitteredtheyard,Thewoodbineberrieswereblue,Autumn,yes,winterwasinthewind;'Stranger,IwishIknew.'爱和一个问题黄昏时，一个陌生人来到门口，叫着漂亮的新郎。手里拄着一个绿白相间的拐杖，负着全身的重量，顾虑重重。他更多用眼神而不是唇舌乞求一夜的庇护，而后转身望着远处的公路那里没有一个亮灯的窗户。新郎现身来到门廊里说着，“让我们看看这夜空，再来讨论夜晚怎么过，陌生人，你和我。”忍冬的落叶铺满院子，忍冬的浆果已经变蓝，秋天，是啊，冬天已随风而来；“陌生人，但愿我能明白。”Within,thebrideintheduskaloneBentovertheopenfire,Herfacerose-redwiththeglowingcoalAndthethoughtoftheheart'sdesire.Thebridegroomlookedatthewearyroad,Yetsawbutherwithin,AndwishedherheartinacaseofgoldAndpinnedwith