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定语从句TheAttributiveClause先来看几个相关术语1.定语2.定语从句3.先行词4.关系词1.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。acleverboyTheboilingwaterFallenleavesThemanwhoyouarelookingfor2.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句。DoyouknowthemanwhocametoseeXiaoYangthismorning?Whatisthefunctionoftheunderlinedpart?Tomisahandsomeboy.Thelittleboyneedsabluepen.Theboyintheclassroomneedsapen.ThepenboughtbyherismadeinChina.Themanstandingthereismyteacher.Theboywhoisreadingneedsthepenwhichyouboughtyesterday.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。定语从句：一个句子充当定语3.先行词：4.关系词：关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系副词where,when,why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词；引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。Theboywhoisreadingneedsthepen.先行词关系词定语从句先行词：被修饰限定的词关系词：引导定语从句的词定语从句：一个句子充当定语Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.Nothingintheworldisdifficultforonewhosetshismindtoit.自助者天助。谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。世上无难事，只怕有心人。GuessthemeaningofthefollowingproverbsAllthatglitters(闪光)isnotgold.HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.闪闪发光的不一定是金子.不到长城非好汉.Somesentenceswithattributiveclauseinthetext1.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquake___________________________shookTangshan.2.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthose___________andtoburythedead.whichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstonewhoweretrapped主语宾语定语指人WhothatWhomthat省略Whose(ofwhich)指物WhichthatWhichthat省略whose人和物thatthatwhoseThosewhoareagainsttheplanputupyourhands.Themanwhoisnexttoussellsvegetable.Tomisoneofthestudentswhopraisedbytheteacheryesterday.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhopraisedbytheteacheryesterday.关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。werewas5.Willyoupleaselendmethebook____youboughtyesterday?(which/that/whose)6.Thegirl____legwasbrokenintheearthquakewastakentohospital.(who/whom/whose)7.Thestudent____theteacherpraiseattheclassmeetingisourmonitor.(which/whom/whose)8.Ifoundsomephotosoftouristsites____werenotfarawayfromourcity.(which/that/不填)which/thatwhosewhomwhich/that看图填句Letmetry!Letmetry!基础练习1.Isthatthehouse____youboughtlastyear?A.whereB.which2.Isthatthepicture___youarelaughingat?A.whichB.where3.Itisthemostinterestingbook___I’lleverread.A.whichB.thatBBA4.Thestreet______istotheparkisverynarrow.A.whereB.which5.Theperson___findsmywatchwillgetareward.A.whoB.when6.Thisistheroom__welistenedtothelecture.A.whichB.whereBAB7.Theboy___motherisillcannotcometotheparty.A.whoB.whose8.Tellmethereason___youarelate.A.whichB.whyBB关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但哪些情况只能用that?考点一只用that，不用which1.all,little,much,few,none,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词作先行词或者先行词被其所修饰时；Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.2.序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时；ThisisthebestTVthatismadeinChina.3.先行词前有theonly,thevery,thesame,theright等修饰时；4.先行词既有人也有物5.主句以which,who,what开头的疑问句.Whothatyouhaveeverseencandoitbetter?有哪些情况关系代词不用that，而用which，who，whom?考点二只用which，不用that有机器的房间是车间。Theroom__________thereisamachineisaworkshop.Theroom__________thereisamachineinisaworkshop.inwhich(which/that)一、非限制性定语从句二、用在介词后Ihavelostthepen,_____Ilikeverymuch.which1、在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom.１．Hemadethesamemistakesagain,_____madehisparentsveryangry.２．YesterdayIboughtadictionary,_______costmemorethan100yuan.３．MrSmith,_______gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.４．Myunclehascomebackfromabroad,______Ihaven’tmetforalongtime.whichwhichwhowhomFillintheblanks1.Herbag,inwhichsheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.2.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.3.XiaoWang,withwhomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyedhimselfverymuch.2、在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom.(3)whose引导的定语从句注意点①whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。②whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。如：Thebossinwhosedepartmentheworkedhadheardthenews.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了这个消息。④whose的先行词指物时，可用ofwhich代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich，或=ofwhich+the+名词。如：Thenovelwhosetitle(=thetitleofwhich或ofwhichthetitle)isRedandBlackisveryinteresting.③whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。⑤whose的先行词指人时，可用ofwhom代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhom，或=ofwhom+the+名词。如：Theboywhosemother(=themotherofwhom或ofwhomthemother)isadoctorismyfriend.Thescientistwhowemetyesterdayisveryfamouswhomintheworld.thatØ(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedresswhichsheiswearingisnew.thatØ(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.Wemetheryesterday.巩固练习：1.用定语从句合并句子(3)Heisthekindperson.Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.HeisthekindpersonwhoIhaveeverworkedwith.whomthatØThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Ø四.介词+which/whom引导的定语从句1.介词的选用原则：(1)根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。ThisisthebookonwhichIspent8dollars.ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid8dollars.(2)根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheParty.IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedthere.2.当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用whom(指人)或which(指物)，且关系代词不能省略。Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbor.Ican’tfindthepenwithwhichIwaswriting.3.当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用which/that(指物),who/whom/that(指人)作从句中介词的宾语.而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。(whom/who/that)(which/that)Dadisaperson________________Icaneasilytalkto.Isthistheplay___________youweretalkingaboutjustnow?4.在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。如：Thisisthewatch(that/which)Iamlookingfor.Thebabies(who/whom/that)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.5.先行词是theway，意为“方式，方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词用that/inwhich或