中国政法大学硕(博)士学位论文:东城区旧城风貌保护的现状和发展思路I东城区旧城风貌保护的现状和发展思路摘要随着国家经济的不断发展,对旧城的风貌保护也更加注重。北京市我国首都和政治的文化中心,作为一个历史悠久和文化深厚的文化古城闻言,从建国之初到现在一直都还遗留着古代规划思想指导下建成的传统都城格局。随着北京建设现代化国际大都市与“和谐社会首善之区”步伐的加快,旧城风貌保护和改造工作逐渐进入艰难推进期,面临许多难题与挑战。如,社会各界认识存在分歧,是拆是留、是改是修,意见不统一;文保区内人居环境有待改善;缺少可操作性的实施细则和具体规定;现行房屋拆迁政策与现实严重脱节;现行安置方式不能有效引导居民外迁等。要推进东城区的旧城风貌保护工作,就要不断地创新发展思路。要树立整体保护的理念,逐步构建“点”、“片”、“面”相结合的旧城风貌保护体系;要坚持旧房更新与疏散人口并重,着力改善旧城居民的人居环境;要健全住房保障体系,积极落实安置房源建设新区吸引居民外迁;要建立政府主导社会各阶层共同参与的协作模式;要坚持先易后难,以点带面,循序渐进地滚动改造;同时积极争取国家和北京市的政策支持。本文就东城区旧城风貌保护的现状和发展思路进行研究。关键字:北京;东城区;旧城;风貌保护;建筑形式中国政法大学硕(博)士学位论文:东城区旧城风貌保护的现状和发展思路IICURRENTSITUATIONANDDEVELOPMENTOFDONGCHENGDISTRICT,OLDCITYENVIRONMENTPROTECTIONABSTRACTWiththecontinuousdevelopmentofthenationaleconomy,theprotectionofthestyleoftheoldcitypaymoreattentionto.CulturalCenter,Beijing,China'scapitalandthepoliticalheardthisasalonghistoryandrichcultureoftheancientcityofculture,fromthefoundingofthebeginningtothepresenthasbeenalsoleftbehindthetraditionalMetropolepatternbuiltundertheguidanceoftheAncientplanningthinking.WithBeijingtobuildamoderninternationalmetropoliswiththeacceleratedpaceoftheharmonioussociety'spre-eminent,andtheprotectionandrehabilitationoftheoldcitystylegraduallyentertoughpropulsionperiod,facingmanydifficultiesandchallenges.Communityawarenessdifferences,demolitionisleftistochangerepair,opinionsarenotunified;theunhistoricaldistrictHabitaturgentneedtoimprovetheenvironment;lackofoperabilityimplementingrulesandspecificprovisions;existinghousedemolitionpolicyisseriouslyoutoflinewithreality;existingplacementmethodscannoteffectivelyguidethe中国政法大学硕(博)士学位论文:东城区旧城风貌保护的现状和发展思路IIIresidentsrelocated.TopromotetheDongchengDistrictofOldCitystyleprotectionwork,itisnecessarytocontinueinnovativedevelopmentideas.Toestablishtheoverallprotectionoftheconcept,andgraduallybuildapoint,piece,faceisacombinationoftheoldcitystyleprotectionsystem;shouldadheretotheoldhouseupdatedwiththeevacuationofthepopulationbotheffortstoimprovethelivingenvironmentoftheoldcityresidents;Weneedtoimprovehousingsecuritysystem,andactivelyimplementtheresettlementlistingbuildingnewdistricttoattractresidentsmovingout;wanttoestablishgovernment-ledsocialstratajointlyparticipateinthecollaborativemode;wanttoadheretotheeasythingsfirst,inordertopoint,step-by-stepscrollingtransformation;sametimeactivelystrivefornationalandBeijing'spolicysupport.Inthispaper,DongchengDistrict,OldCityEnvironmentProtectionstatusanddevelopmentideas.Keyword:Beijing;DongchengDistrict;OldCity;styleprotection;architecturalforms中国政法大学硕(博)士学位论文:东城区旧城风貌保护的现状和发展思路IV目录第一章绪论.........................................................1一、研究背景与意义..................................................1二、研究内容........................................................2三、国内外研究综述..................................................2四、研究方法与措施..................................................4(一)研究方法......................................................41.案例分析法........................................................42.比较分析法........................................................53.文献分析法........................................................54.定性分析法........................................................5(二)研究的措施....................................................5第二章东城区旧城风貌保护发展的背景与历程...........................5一、东城区旧城风貌保护的历史背景....................................5二、东城区旧城的成因、分布与特殊性..................................7(一)东城区旧城的成因与分布........................................71.东城区旧城的成因..................................................72.东城区旧城的分布..................................................83.东城区旧城的优势性................................................8三、东城区旧城风貌保护发展的特殊性..................................9(一)方便北京的未来规划...........................................10(二)改善当地居民的生活条件.......................................111.房屋建筑质量差...................................................112.周边的城市基础设施不健全.........................................113.人口密集性现象严重...............................................124.交通条件恶略.....................................................12(三)改变北京东城旧城的发展观念...................................121.历史文化名城保护成效显著,人文魅力得以彰显.......................122.服务经济持续快速发展,功能区建设积极推进.........................13中国政法大学硕(博)士学位论文:东城区旧城风貌保护的现状和发展思路V3.公共服务水平不断提高,人民生活质量稳步提高.......................134.城市管理逐步完善,城市品质显著提升...............................13五、东城区旧城风貌保护发展的历程...................................14(一)第一阶段:20世纪50-80年代..................................14(二)第二阶段:1990-1999年.......................................15(三)第三阶段:2000-2003年.......................................15(四)第四阶段:2004年至今........................................16第三章东城区旧城发展模式的分析....................................17一、东城区旧城发展模式化的研究方法.................................17二、东城区旧城发展的建设模式.......................................18(一)政府模式.....................................................18(二)开发模式.....................................................19(三)风貌模式.....................................................19三、东城区旧城发展建筑形式案例.....................................21(一)菊儿胡同案例...............