知识讲解与练习:1.usedtodosth.\beusedtodoingsth.\beusedtodosth.beusedtodoingsth表示习惯做某事,to后的动词用-ing形式;beusedtodosth.表示被用来做某事,to后的动词是动词原形;usedtodosth.表示过去常常做某事。I’musedtogettingupearly.我习惯早起。Thewoodisusedtobuildhouses.木头被用来建房子。Iusedtogetupatfiveinthemorning.我过去经常在早上5点起床。2.arrive,get和reach表示“到达”时的区别arrivein后加名词(大地方);arriveat后加名词(小地方);getto后加地点名词;reach是及物动词,后面可直接跟地点名词。Wearrivedatthevillageatsixintheafternoon.我们下午6点到达了那个村庄。WhendidyouarriveinNanjing?你们是何时到达南京的?Iusuallygettoschoolatseveninthemorning.我常常早上7点到达学校。Whenhereachedtheoffice,theteacherwashavingarest.当他到达办公室的时候,老师正在休息。3.borrow,lend和keepborrow表示主语“借入”,常用短语borrowsth.fromsb.;lend表示主语“借出”,常用短语lendsth.tosb.keep表示“长时间地借”Iborrowedabookfromtheschoollibrary.我从学校图书馆借了一本书。Couldyoulendyourbiketome?你能把自行车借给我吗?HowlongcanIkeepthisbook?这本书我能借多久?【链接中考】He_________hisumbrellatomeyesterday,soIdidn’tgetwet.A.borrowedB.keptC.lentD.bought4.dress,puton,wear,bein和haveondresssb.给某人穿衣服;dresssb.up打扮某人;puton穿上,戴上,强调穿的动作;wear与bein同义,意为“穿着,戴着”,强调穿着的状态;haveon穿着,也强调穿着的状态。Theboydressedhimselfquickly.那个男孩快速地给自己穿上衣服。Motherdressesherbabyeveryday.母亲每天给她的孩子穿衣服。Theladydressedherselfupandwenttoaparty.那位女士(穿上盛装)打扮一番,然后去参加聚会了。Tomputonhiscoatandwentout.汤姆穿上大衣出去了。Lilyiswearingaredskirttoday.莉莉今天穿上一条红裙子。Heisinaschooluniformtoday.今天他穿着校服。Jimhadablueshirton.吉姆穿了件蓝衬衫。【链接中考】—CanyoutellmesomethingaboutChinesetradition?—Yes,inthisanimalyearpeopleinChinalike_________themselvesinred.A.wearingB.puttingonC.havingD.dressing5.see,look,watch和readSee看见,表示结果;look看,表示动作,不及物动词,后面须加介词at才能跟宾语;watch看(比赛、电视);read看(书、报),表示阅读。【链接中考】Sandyfeelsunhappybecausenobodyseemsto_________herprogress.A.noticeB.lookC.watchD.read6.bring,take,carry和fetchbring带来,拿来,表示“拿到靠近说话人的地方”;take拿去,带走,表示“拿到远离说话人的地方”;carry扛,搬,用力移动,没有方向;fetch去取,去拿,表示“往返拿物”。7.die,dead,death,dyingdie死,是不及物动词,终止性动词;dead死的,形容词,表示状态;death死,名词;dying垂死的,要死的,形容词。Hisgrandfatherdiedyesterday.他的祖父昨天去世了。Hisgrandfatherhasbeendeadfortenyears.他的祖父已经去世10年了。Hisdeathmadeusfeelverysad.他的死使我们非常难过。Thepooroldmanwasdying.那位可怜的老人快要死了。8.speak,say,talk和tellspeak作及物动词时接表示语言的名词;作不及物动词时表示具有说话能力,或发言;say常跟直接引语或间接引语,并且表示说的内容;talk是不及物动词,常跟介词to或with,意为“同某人谈话”;tell告诉,后接双宾语。MrSmithspokeatthemeetingyesterday,buthedidn’tsayanythingimportant.昨天史密斯先生在会上发言了,但他没说什么重要的事情。NowtheteacheristalkingtoMaryintheoffice.现在老师正在办公室与玛丽谈话。MygrandmaoftentoldmeinterestingstorieswhenIwasyoung.我小时候奶奶经常给我讲有趣的故事。【链接中考】(1)—Theradio_______thattherewillbeanotherheavyraininGuangdong.—Toobad.Ithasrainedforthewholeweek.A.tellsB.talksC.saysD.speaks(2)Lookattheposter.It_______,“_______yourdog______alead.”A.speaks;Have;onB.says;Keep;onC.tells;Put;onD.reads;Keep;in9.spend,cost,take和payspend是人作主语,表示花费时间或金钱,后接onsth.或(in)doingsth.;cost用物作主语,意为“花费多少钱”;take可用于固定句型表示花费时间,其结构为:It(形式主语)+takes+时间+todo;pay与介词for连用,主语为人。Heoftenspendstwohoursdoinghishomeworkintheevening.他每天晚上经常花两个小时做功课。Thenewwatchcostmefivehundredyuan.那块新手表花了我500元。Ittakesmefifteenminutestoridetoschooleverymorning.每天早上我花15分钟骑车到学校。Motherpaysalotofmoneyforherclotheseveryyear.母亲每年花很多钱买衣服。【链接中考】I________someofmyfreetimeplayingbasketballformyschoolteam.A.spendB.costC.takeD.pay10.hung和hanged两个词同为hang的过去式和过去分词,hung悬挂,hanged吊死,绞死。Motherhungtheclothesontheclothinglineaftershewashedthem.母亲洗好衣服后把它们晾在衣绳上。Thespywillbehangedtomorrowmorning.那个间谍明天早上将被处以绞刑。11.lookfor和find两者都有“找”的意思。lookfor强调寻找的动作和过程,而find强调找的结果。Ihavelookedformypeneverywhere,butIcan’tfindit.我已到处找过我的钢笔,但是没有找到。12.listento和hearlistento和hear都有“听”的意思。listen为不及物动词,与to构成固定搭配,强调听的动作;hear强调听的动作;hear强调听的结果。Youshouldlistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.你上课时应认真听老师讲课。IcanhearTomsingingintheroom.我能听到汤姆在房间唱歌。13.lose,forget和leavelose丢失,失去;forget忘记(记忆中的东西),忘记去做某事为forgettodosth.;leavesth.+地点状语,意为“把某物落在某处”。Ilostmywatchyesterday.昨天我把我的手表丢了。MrWangneverforgetstodothethingsheneedstodo.王先生从不会忘记去做他需要做的事情。I’msorry.Ileftmyhomeworkathome.对不起,我把作业落在家里了。14.turn,get,grow和becometurn一般用于表示颜色的变化,如:turnred/yellow;天变黑要用get或grow;天气变暖或变冷用become或get;天变长或变短一般用get。Whensheheardthat,herfaceturnedred.当她听到那件事时脸变红了。Nowitisgettingdarkoutside.现在外面天色变得越来越暗了。Springcomes,andthedaysarebecoming/gettinglongerandlonger.春天来了,白天变得越来越长了。【链接中考】—Iheartheweatherwill_______coldforanotherweek.—Ihopenot.Ihatecoldweather.A.turnB.lastC.getD.stay15.join,takepartin和attend三个词都有“参加”的意思。join一般指加入“党派”或“组织”,如参军、入党等;takepartin指参加聚会或活动;attend一般指出席会议。MyfatherjoinedthePartytenyearsago.我父亲10年前入的党。IwilltakepartinourschoolsportsmeetingnextSunday.我将参加下星期天举行的校运动会。MrGreencametoBeijingtoattendanimportantmeeting.格林先生来北京参加一个重要的会议。16.thinkof,thinkabout和thinkoverthinkof意为“想到......”;thinkabout意为“考虑”,宾馆it或them后置;thinkover意为“仔细考虑”,宾馆it或them放在中间,一般指考虑问题。Ican’tthinkofanyonetoask.我想不出找谁去问。Don’tyoueverthinkaboutotherpeople?难道你从来不考虑别人吗?I’dlikemoretimetothinkthingsover.我需要更多时间来把事情好好想想。【链接中考】AYOGvolunteerteammostly__________universityandmiddleschoolstudents.Theywillprovidelanguagesvoluntaryservices.A.consistsofB.belongstoC.thinksofD.leadsto17.lose,fail,beat和winlose输给某人,固定搭配为losetosb.;fail失败或未做成某事;beat打败,后接sb.或某支队伍;win赢得,如赢得荣誉、地位、比赛等。Welosttothemyesterday.昨天我们输给了他们。Hefailedtocatchtheearlybusthismorning.今天早上他没有赶上早班车。Ourteamarestrongandweoftenbeat