核能与核安全(英文版)

NuclearenergyandnuclearsafetyYOURSITEHEREThemaincontent1、Whatisnuclearenergy2、Useofnuclearenergy3、Allofthenuclearconcerns4、Advantagesofnuclearenergy5、Thecurrentnuclearsecuritymeasures6、Theconclusions7、ReferencesNuclearenergyisreleasedfromthenucleusthroughtheconversionofitsquality.1、WhatisnuclearenergyNuclearreactionsmaybeinducedbybombardmentwithawidevarietyofparticles.ChainreactionYOURSITEHEREWaysofdevelopingnuclearenergyhavetwo:oneisthefissionofheavyelements,suchasthefissionofuraniumUraniumoreFissiontheotheristhefusionoflightelements,suchasdeuterium,tritium,andsoonFusionFissionofheavyelementstechniques,havebeenpracticalapplication,Andlightelementsinfusiontechnology,isalsobeingactivelydeveloped.TokamakHumanrealityusesofnuclearenergybeganinthewar.2、UseofnuclearenergylittleboyYOURSITEHEREChinaalsohaveourownnuclearbombs,hydrogenbombs,nuclearsubmarines.Thehumandevelopmentandutilizationofnuclearenergyismainlydevelopednuclearpower,relativetootherformsofenergy,nuclearenergyhasdistinctadvantages.In1954,theformerSovietUnionbuiltanexperimentalnuclearpowerstation;in1957,theUnitedStateshadsuccessfullybuiltnuclearpowerplant.TheworldnuclearpowerdistributionInthe30countriesthatnowhavenuclearpower,theproportionofnuclearpowerchangesgreatly.Upto80percentfromFrance,Belgium52,SouthKorea39,Switzerland37,Japan29,UnitedStates20,SouthAfrica4andChina2.Besidesradiotherapyisoneoftheapplicationsofnuclearenergy.NuclearmagneticresonanceequipmentWeordinarypeopleknowaboutnuclearpowerplantisbasicallynegative.Biggestproblemistheconcernthatnuclearpowerplantsvulnerabletosecurityissues.3、AllofthenuclearconcernsTheSovietUnionin1986oftheChernobylNuclearPowerPlantAccident,Japan'sFukushimanuclearpowerplantaccidentin2011,hadincreasedpeople'sworries.ChernobylFukushimaNuclearpowerisconcentrated,clean,safeandeconomicalenergy.4、AdvantagesofnuclearenergyDayawannuclearpowerplantFrenchspecialLikasitannuclearpowerplant18可编辑First,nuclearenergyisahighconcentratedenergy,especiallysuitableforlackofconventionalenergysourcesandelectricity-starvedregion,notlimitedbyfuelfortransport。AsChina'ssoutheastandsouthregion.1kgU=2700tonsofcoalMeanwhile,nuclearpoweriscleanenergyandtoprotecttheenvironment.Nuclearpowergenerationunlikefossilfuelpowerplantsthatemithugeamountsofpollutantsintotheatmosphere.Andafterdecadesofdevelopmentandimprovementofnuclearenergy,nuclearpowerplantshasbecomeoneofthesecuritysector.Sincefirstnuclearpowerstationisbuilt,morethan400nuclearpowerplantsinoperationaroundtheworld,buttheyarebasicallysafeandnormalinmorethan30years。TheconsequencesoftheChernobylnuclearaccidentwasveryserious,buttheaccidentwascausedbyhumanfactors.Thedirectcauseoftheaccidentwasduetomishandlingduringatest.TherootcauseoftheaccidentwasTokyoElectricPowerCompanytakingintoaccounteconomicfactorsatthebeginningoftheaccident，refusedtopumpwaterintothereactorcore.UntilaweeklaterwhentriedtowatertheCore，butthetimewaslatebecausegatheredalargeamountofheatandradiationeventuallycausedtheexplosion.Nuclearenergyistheeconomicalenergy.Becausethefuelcostandthetransportationcostislow.Asthetechnologyisconstantlyimprovingandenhancing，nuclearpowerplantwillalsocontinuetolowercosts.Andnuclearpowergenerationcostlessaffectedbyinternationaleconomic..situationForexample,acoal-firedpowerplantswithinstalledcapacityof1millionkw,coalconsumptionis2.5milliontonsayear.Anuclearpowerstationofthesamesize,annualconsumes25tonsoflow-enricheduranium.theemissionsfromwastecarbondioxidesulfurdioxidenitrogenoxidescoalash6.5milliontons17,000tons4,000tons280,000tonsNuclearpowerplantsnowmainlyusesadefense-in-depthstrategy,thefirstlayerofdefenseisthefuelcladding5、ThecurrentnuclearsecuritymeasuresthefuelcladdingthesecondlayerofdefenseistheprimarycircuitpressureboundaryprimarycircuitPressureboundarythethirdlayerofdefenseisthecontainment.containmentSteel,Φ40m,H60mInaccordancewiththemethodofdeterminingtheoryandprobabilitytheory,personalrisksofnuclearpowerplantsis:Every100yearsduetoreactoraccidentskilled4people,farbelowthetrafficaccident,fire,aircrash,theTornados.Sciencehasshownthatnuclearpoweronthepublichealthimpactisfarlessthanmanyhealthrisksencounteredindailylife.Aroundthenuclearpowerplant50microWest/yearXraydetection600microWest/timeFlightstoandfromNewYork200microWest/timeComparisonofradiationIt'slike,Everycoinhastwosides.Astheonehand:Thedevelopmentanduseofnuclearenergywillbringgreatbenefitstoecologicalresources,environmentalprotection,sociallifeandeconomicdevelopment.ontheotherhand:Therearealsoapotentialthreattohumansecurity.6、TheconclusionsWeshouldstartfromthepointofsustainableandrationaldevelopmentofnuclearindustry,tofindanewwayofcleanenergyfortheworld.FengXiao,nuclearenergyandtechnologyforeconomic,technicalmanagementoflandresources,2008-8-15PengHong,humansecuritycallsfornuclearrational,JournalofSouthChinaUniversity,2007-6-15BaoYunqiao,miracleintheatomicage,Beijing:PopularSciencePress,1987OnLuoG,theconceptofradioactivewaste,theIAEApress,20037、ReferencesLOGOYOURSITEHEREThankyou！35可编辑