知识管理的风险分析_评估与控制

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©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(,210096):.,,;;.:;;:F270:A:1007-9807(2003)05-0017-070[15],.,,.BaringBankMGRMKidderPeabody[68],.,.[611],,.,.:,;;.1,,,.,.,,.U1:,,:[12].,.,,.,(U11U13).U2:65200310JOURNALOFMANAGEMENTSCIENCESINCHINAVol.6No.5Oct.,2003:2001-12-27;:2003-07-08.:(01JA630048).:(1972),,,.©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[13],,.,[14],,.,[15].[1617].KidderPeabody,,[6].,,[8].,,,.:(U21U25).ITU3:.IT,,IT,,,;,IT,IT.,IT,IT[18,19],IT.IT:IT(U31U33).U4:(U41U44)[20],[21].,.,..,,;[22,23],[24].,;,.,,.,.,.,,[8,25].U5:BaringBankKidderpeabody,,[6].,,,..,.,.(U51U55).U6:,,81200310©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(U61U64).U7:.,,.,..:(U71U73).2,,.,.,.,.,,:1=[L,U],b=[bL,bU],-b=(bL-L)2+(bU-U)2,D(,b)=-b,b[26].2=[L,U],b=[bL,bU],L()=U-L,L(b)=bU-bL,P(b)=min{L()+L(b),mx(U-bL,0)}L(a)+L(b)(1)‰ab[27].(),.ŽR=(„rij)nmw=(w1,w2,,wm)T:xizi=mj=1rijwj,i=1,2,,n(2):wjjuj,„rijxiuj.wj„rij,;,(2).ŽR=(„rij)nm,d(„rij,„rkj)=„rij-„rkjŽR=(„rij)nm„rij„rkj,:mxD(w)=mj=1Dj(w)=mj=1ni=1nk=1d(„rij,„rkj)wj.w[28]:(LP)mxD(w)=mj=1ni=1nk=1d(„rij,„rkj)wjs.t.wLwjwU,wj0,mj=1wj=1w=(w1,w2,,wm)T,(2)„zi(i=1,2,,n).„zi(i=1,2,,n),.,(1),„zi(i=1,2,,n),P=(Pij)nn,Pij=P(„z;„zj),i,j=1,2,,n.[29]=(1,2,,n)T:i=nj=1Pij+n2-1n(n-1),i=1,2,,n(3)(3)P,.,,[30].3915:©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:,:,,..(),.,,.,R&D.,..,:.,..:.,,,,.,,..,,..,.,,.,.IT:,IT:,,IT;IT[31].Nonaka(ART)[32].,(EIS);,CSAPDelphi(CRM)(ERP)(MIS)(DSS);,IT,IT,.,,,.:.,;,.,.02200310©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:,,,,,.Nonaka[33],,,,.,..,,,,.,.:..,.,.,,,.:.,.,,..,,:;;;,;;,.,,,.4,.,,,..125:©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[1]PrahaladCK,HamelG.Thecorecompetencyofthecorporation[J].HarvardBusinessReview,1990,May-June:7990[2]GrantRM.Towardsaknowledgebasedtheoryofthefirm[J].StrategicManagementJournal,1996,17(winterspecialissue):109122[3]DruckerP.Post2capitalistSociety[M].London:ButterworthHeinemann,1993[4]NonakaI.Theknowledge-creatingcompany[J].HarvardBusinessReview,1991,69(6):96104[5]TeeceDJ,PisanoG,ShuenA.Dynamicscapabilityandstrategicmanagement[J].StrategicManagementJournal,1997,18:509533[6]MarshallC,PrusakL,ShipilbergD.Financialriskandtheneedforsuperiorknowledge[J].CaliforniaManagementReview,1996,38(3):77101[7]ChristopherJClarke,SurvirVarma.Strategicriskmanagement:Thenewcompetitiveedge[J].LongRangePlanning,1999,32(4):414424[8]MeinolfDierkes,ArianeBerthoinAntal,JohnChild,etc.[M],:,2001[9]JayLiebowitz.KnowledgeManagementHandbook[M].NewYork:CRCPress,1999[10]Rubenstein2MontanoB,LiebowitzJ,BuchwalterJ,etc.Asystemthinkingframeworkforknowledgemanagement[J].DecisionSupportSystem,2001,31:516[11]NigelHolden.Knowledgemanagement:Raisingthespectreofthecross-culturedimension[J].KnowledgeandProcessManage2ment,2001,8(3):155163[12]RaulEspejo,WernerSchuhmann,MarkusSchwaninger,etc.OrganizationalTransformationandLearning[M].NewYork:JohnWiley&SonsInc.,1996.227240[13]DavidDeLong,PatriciaSeemann.Confrontingconceptualconfusionandconflictinknowledgemanagement[J].OrganizationalDy2namics,2000,29(1):3344[14]DavenportTH,PrusakL.WorkingKnowledge:HowOrganizationsManagementWhatTheyKnow[M].Boston:HarvardBusinessSchoolPress,1998[15]Leonard2BartonD.WellspringsofKnowledge:BuildingandSustainingtheSourcesofInnovation[M].Boston:HarvardBusinessSchoolPress,1995[16]vonKroghG.Careinknowledgecreation[J].CaliforniaManagementReview,1998,40(3):133153[17]vonKroghG,NonakaI,IchijoK.Developknowledgeactivists[J].EuropeanManagementJournal,1997,15:475483[18]MartinSchulz,LloydAJobe.Codificationandtacitnessasknowledgemanagementstrategiesanempiricalexploration[J].TheJournalofHighTechnologyManagementResearch,2001,12:139165[19]Jon2ArildJohannessen,JohanOlaisen,BjªmOlsen.Mismanagementoftacitknowledge:Theimportanceoftacitknowledge,thedangerofimformationtechnology,andwhattodoaboutit[J].InternationalJournalofInformationManagement,2001,21:320[20].:[M].:,1998[21]DavidJTeece.Strategiesformanagingknowledgeassets:Theroleoffirmstructureandindustrialcontext[J].LongRangePlan2ning,2000,33:3554[22]vonHippelE.Stickyinformationandthelocusofproblemsolving:Implicationforinnovation[J].ManagementScience,1994,40:429439[23]SzulanskiG.Exploringinternalstickiness:Impedimentstothetransferofbestpracticewithinthefirm[J].StrategicManagementJournal,1996,17(winterspecialissue):2743[24]ThomasFinne.Informationsystemriskmanagement:Keyconceptsandbusinessprocess[J].Computers&Security,2000,19:234242[25]LiebowitzJ,WrightK.Doesmeasuringknowledgemakecents?[J].ExpertSystemwithApplications,1999,17:99103[26],.[J].,2002,5(3):3539[27],.[J].,1999,19(4):3722200310©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[28].[J].,2001,16():818821[29].[J].,2001,16(4):311314[30].[D].:,2002[31]NonakaI.Adanamictheoryof

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