新视野英语教程-2-U7

PollutionUnit7NEWHORIZONENGLISHCOURSESBookTwoUnit7Pollution1AroundtheTopic2SectionA3SectionB4SectionCLeadinginExploringtheTopicPlusActivitiesWarming-upTextAExercisesBackgroundInformationReadingThroughExercisesRelatedKnowledgeSampleReadingExercisesUsefulTermsSectionBSectionCSectionAExploringtheTopicPlusActivitiesAroundtheTopicPollutionisamajorproblemintheworldtoday.Itdamagestheenvironmentandisharmfultohumans,animalsandplants.Althoughpollutioncanbearesultofnaturaldisasterssuchasearthquakesandforestfires,itismostlycausedbyhumanactivity.Withtheincreaseofpopulationandthedevelopmentoftechnology,pollutioninourmodern-dayworldhasreacheddangerouslevels.Cleanandfreshairisnowaluxuryinmanybigcitiesandthewaterinmanyofourriversandlakesaretoopollutedtodrinkandswimin.Theenvironmentisourlifesupportsystem—theonlyonethatwehave.Weshoulddoourbesttosaveitbeforeit’stoolate.SectionBSectionCSectionALeadinginPlusActivitiesAroundtheTopicDirections:Land,airandwaterpollutionarethethreemaintypesofpollution.Lookatthepicturesbelowandwritedownwhatparticularformofpollutioneachpicturedescribes.Thenchoosefromtheanswers(A-H)providedintheboxesatthebottomofthepagetocompletetherestoftheinformationforeachpicture.Answersmaybeusedmorethanonce.Formofpollution:_______Itssources:__________Itseffects:__________AirFADCADHWaystopreventorreduceit:___________SectionBSectionCSectionALeadinginPlusActivitiesAroundtheTopicFormofpollution:__________Itssources:__________Itseffects:__________Waystopreventorreduceit:___________Formofpollution:__________Itssources:__________Itseffects:__________Waystopreventorreduceit:___________WaterLandHEICBIBCGCEGSectionBSectionCSectionALeadinginPlusActivitiesAroundtheTopicSourcesofPollutionA.WastegasesfromautomobilesB.LitteringC.UseofchemicalsinfarmingD.BurningcoaltoheathomesE.SewageandwastewaterfromhomesandfactoriesF.EmissionsofharmfulgasesfromfactoriesG.WastematerialsfromhomesandindustriesdumpedinlandfillsH.GarbagedumpedintotheseaEffectsofPollutionA.CausepeopletogetsickB.KillanimalsandplantsC.GiveoffbadsmellsD.ProduceacidrainE.PollutesoilandgroundwaterF.CauseanimalstolosetheirhomesG.ReducefarminglandH.Contributetothegreenhouseeffect/globalwarmingSectionBSectionCSectionALeadinginPlusActivitiesAroundtheTopicWaystoPreventorReducePollutionA.InvestingreenenergysuchaswindorsolarenergyB.ReducetheamountofcoalandgasweburnC.ExercisetoughercontrolonfactoriesandcompaniesD.Useenergy-efficientcarsE.ReduceandrecyclethewastewecreateF.CutdownonchemicalsinfarmingG.TreatsewagebeforeitentersriversH.EducatepeopletoavoidlitteringSectionBSectionCSectionALeadinginExploringtheTopicAroundtheTopicDirections:Youwillhearashortpassage.Listencarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whatisthefirstsolutiontoreduceairpollution?2.Whatisthesecondsolutiontoreduceairpollution?keykeySectionBSectionCSectionALeadinginExploringtheTopicAroundtheTopicSuggestedanswer:Toomanycarshavecausedalotofseriousproblemsinourworld.Besidescongestion,accidentsandfastfuelconsumption,carsareresponsibleforagoodpartofairpollutioninbigcities.Onepossiblesolutionistodesignanddevelopcleancarsandcleanfuels.InShanghai,someofthepublicbusesbegintorunonnaturalgas,whichdoesnotgiveoffasmuchcarbondioxideaspetrol.ReturnSectionBSectionCSectionALeadinginExploringtheTopicAroundtheTopicSuggestedanswer:Anothersolutionistodevelopmodernpublictransportationsystemsandrestricttheuseofprivatecars.Ifthepriceofpetrolrisesconstantlyandthepublicvehiclesareefficientandconvenientenough,mostpeoplewillnotbuyprivatecars.Thus,thetotalnumberofcarsinbigcitieswillreducegreatly.Onthewhole,theeliminationofairpollutionneedsthecollectiveeffortsfromthegovernment,thepublicandtheenvironmentalists.ReturnSectionBSectionCAroundtheTopicSectionASmoginMyCitySectionA:TextAExercisesSectionBSectionCAroundtheTopicSectionASmogisatypeofairpollutionthatoccurswhensmokeorotherpollutantsintheairmixeswithfog.Theword“smog,”ablendof“smoke”and“fog,”wasfirstcoinedintheearly20thcenturytodescribethesmokyfogthathungoverLondonandsomeotherlargecitiesatthattime.Unfortunatelythough,morethanonehundredyearslater,smogremainsafamiliarsightinmanyplacesaroundtheworld,especiallyinbigcitieswithalotofindustryandtraffic.TextAExercisesSectionBSectionCAroundtheTopicSectionATextAportraysacityplaguedbysmog.Thewriterdescribeshowseriousthesmogconditionisinthecitywherehelivesandexplorestheunderlyingcausesoftheproblem.Althoughthenameofthecityisnotrevealed,itstandsasaperfectexampleofacitythathasyettofindabalancebetweeneconomicgrowthandenvironmentalprotection.Warming-upExercisesSectionBSectionCAroundtheTopicSectionASmoginMyCityWhenIwakeupinthemorning,Ipausebrieflybeforeopeningmycurtains,andwhatIseeoutofmywindowislikelytosetthetonefortherestoftheday.Para.1雾都早上醒来，在打开窗帘前，我停顿了一下，我在窗外看到的情景将会为整个一天定下基调。Warming-upExercisesSectionBSectionCAroundtheTopicSectionAIamnotcheckingupontheweather.Instead,Iwanttoknowexactlyhowbadthepollutionisgoingtobe.Onsomemornings,itistrulyhorrible.Itisasifthewholecityhasbeenturnedintoasmokers’roomwithayellowishcolorstainingthesky.Para.2我并不是想看看天气如何，我只是想知道这一天的空