小学英语可数名词和不可数名词详解与练习

JuniorEnglish--GrammarFrom:ConstanceLee1可数名词和不可数名词一、名词：名词是所有事物的名称，包括人、物及抽象概念。名词分为普通名词和专有名词两大类。名词在句子中作主语，宾语或表语等。1)可数名词（CountableNouns）:一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。例如:abook,twobooks,astudent,threestudents,afamily,manyfamilies。名词单数变复数变化如下：◆词尾直接加s如：cat——catsbag——bagsday——days◆以s,sh,ch,x结尾的词加es如：class——classes,match——matches,box-----boxes,dish----dishes,bus---buses,peach---peaches.◆以辅音加y结尾的词变y为i加es.元音加y结尾的词直接加s,如:party----partiescity----citiesstory----storiesfamily---familiesbaby---babiesboy----toysmonkey-----monkeyskey----keys等.◆以f或fe结尾的词,变f或fe为v,加es,如:wife----wives,half----halves,shelf—shelves,knife---knives,life---lives,leaf---leaves.注意特殊情况直接加“s”，要逐个记chiefs,handkerchiefs,roofs.◆以辅音加o结尾的词常加es,如:tomatoes,potatoes,heroes.元音加o结尾直接加s.如:radios,zoos,pianos,roof特殊情况:photos◆名词单数变复数特殊变化也要逐个记得如:man-men,woman-women,tooth---teeth,goose---geese,foot---feet,child--children,mouse-mice,ox—oxen.（注意：以下单复同形：deer,sheep,species,means,Chinese,Japanese）2)不可数名词（UncountableNouns）不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词(air,water等)及抽象名词(advice,hate)等。所以它通常只有单数形式。如：English,air,water,cotton,work…不可数名词表示数量时，可以用量词来表达(量词有复数形式)其结构是数词+量词+OF+名词。如：abottleofwater,twocupsoftea,threepiecesofpaper不可数名词的类别：●食物：food,salt,bread,rice,beef,meat,pork,butter（黄油）,cream.●液体：water,juice,milk,coffee,tea,coke,oil,wine.●表示自然现象：snow,ice,rain,air.●其他类：money,news,homework,housework,advice（意见）,information（信息，资料）time,work,room(空间),music,weather,space,sand,furniture（家具）,JuniorEnglish--GrammarFrom:ConstanceLee2注意：下列词语在不同含义下词性的不同。chicken鸡肉（不可数名词）鸡（可数名词）fish鱼肉（不可数名词）鱼的种类（可数名词）room空间（不可数名词）房间（可数名词）glass玻璃（不可数名词）杯子（可数名词）paper纸张（不可数名词）试卷（可数名词）experience经验（不可数名词）经历（可数名词）注意事项：1．不可数名词没有复数变化，不能用A，AN，但可用THE，或不用冠词，如：breadistheusualbreakfast.2．虽然不可数名词没有复数变化，但量词超过一时要加复数。如：threecupsofcoffee,fivebottlesofwater3．有量词修饰时注意名词是否可数，不可数时用单数，可数时用复数，如：tenbagsofrice----tenbasketsofeggs跟踪练习I.找出下列笑话中的可数名词，并写出其复数形式：Inthemarket,abuyeraskedaseller“Howmuchisthiscat,please?”“100dollars.”“Butyouonlyaskedfor20dollarsyesterday!”“Yes,that’strue.Butthiscatateabirdlastnightandthebirdwasworth80dollars!”II.找出不可数名词，在横线上打勾，并将可数名词变成复数形式：homework______half______advice______money______knowledge______boot_____blood______music______chicken________heat_____mouth______bread_______information______milk_____cow_______tear________III.选择填空：1．Thedeerhasfour______.A.footB.feetC.feetsD.foots2．Hertwobrothersareboth______.A.policemanB.policemansC.policemenD.policemens3．Therearefour_____andtwo______inthegroup.A.Japanese,GermenB.Japaneses,GermenC.Japanese,Germans4．Two______wouldcometothevillage.A.woman-doctorsB.womendoctorC.womendoctorsD.womandoctors5．Canyouseenine_____inthepicture?A.sheepB.dogC.pigD.horseJuniorEnglish--GrammarFrom:ConstanceLee36．The_____hastwo______.A.boys,watchesB.boy,watchC.boy,watchesD.boys,watch7．Theboyoftenbrusheshis_____beforehegoestobed.A.toothB.toothsC.teethD.teeths8．TheJapanese____willnotleaveChinauntilshefinishesherstudy.A.womanB.womenC.manD.men9．Therearelotsof_____inthebasketonthetable.A.tomatosB.tomatoC.tomatoesD.tomatoss10.Thecatcaughttwo______lastnight.A.mousesB.miceC.mouseD.mices11.TheboyshavegotCalready.A.twobreadB.twobreadsC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopieceofbread12.Theoldmanwantsa.A.sixboxesofapplesB.sixboxesofappleC.sixboxofapplesD.sixboxsofapples13.Therebsomeintheriver.A.is,fishB.are,fishsC.is,fishsD.are,fish14.OurEnglishteacheroftengivesus______inEnglishbye-mail.A.somegoodinformationB.somegoodinformationsC.goodinformationsD.agoodinformation15.Iwouldliketohave______.A.twoglassesofmilkB.twoglassofmilkC.twoglassesofmilksD.twoglassofmilks16.Whatareyoulisteningto,Jack?______or______?A.Music,anewsB.Music,newsC.Musics,newsD.Music,newes17.Ihave______todoonSundays.A.manyhouseworkB.muchhouseworkC.manyhouseworksD.muchhouseworks18.Manyfarmershavegotlotsof_____andgotmuchmoneybysellingthe______.A.cow,beefB.cows,beefC.cow,beefsD.cows,beefs19.---Wouldyoulikesome______?---Oh,yes,justalittle.A.milkB.appleC.pearsD.news20.Howwonderful!The______ismadeof______.A.house,glassB.house,glassesC.houses,glassD.houses,glassesⅣ..翻译下面的短语。1.一些苹果汁_______2.一些牛奶______3.一些绵羊______4.一些新闻______5.一些好主意_______6.一些牙刷______7.一些家庭作业______8.一些纸______9.一些玻璃______10.一些牛肉______11.一些音乐______12.一些报纸