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Words:undertake,breakthrough,altogether,object,obtain,attain,forbid,accumulateExpressions:payoff,castdown,objectto,infavourofPatterns:Then…位于句首，倒装itisvaluablefor…Tolearnsomeusefulwords,expressionsandpatternsinthepassage.Objective1.undertakeThescientistundertakestheexperiment.科学家从事这项实验。Icanundertaketheresponsibilityforthechanges.我愿意承担这些变革的责任。vt.着手；从事；承担Translatethefollowingsentences.(1)谁将承担这项工作的责任?Whowillundertakeresponsibilityforthiswork?Studentsarerequiredtoundertakesimpleexperiments.(2)要求学生从事简单的实验。2.payoffIttookthemthreeyearstopayoffthedebt.Herdesignwonthefirstprizeinthecompetition.Yearsofpatienceandhardworkhadpaidoff.偿清(债务)；得到好结果LingFengwonthefirstprizeintheNationalEnglishCompetitionandI’mgladthathereffortsatlast______.A.workedoutB.gotbackC.paidoffD.turnedoutChoosethebestanswer.Translatethefollowingsentences.(1)Withthehelpofhisfather,he__________________(偿清了所有债务).(2)Believeme,allyoureffortswill_______(取得好结果)someday.(3)约翰学习一直很刻苦，因此取得了好成绩。payoffpaidoffallthedebtsJohnstudiedhardallthetime,anditpaidoff.3.breakthroughScientistsarehopingforabreakthroughinthesearchforacureforcancer.Amajorbreakthroughinnegotiationshasbeenachieved.n.突破Theyhaveachievedabig_______inthetreatmentofcancer,whichbringshopetocancerpatients.A.advantageB.reputationC.breakthroughD.assumptionChoosethebestanswer.EversinceIsawthediaryexcerptsI'vebeencastdown.自从看到日记摘录，我就一直非常沮丧。4.cast沮丧，不愉快vt.扔；投；掷castastone扔石头Theanglercasthisline(intothewater).钓鱼的人把鱼线抛入水中。castdownTranslatethefollowingsentences.(1)Don'tletyourselfbecastdownbyasmallfailureintheexperiment;tryagain.Hewascastdownbythesadnews.(2)这悲伤的消息使他情绪低落。别为了实验中的小小失败而沮丧；再试下去。Nooneobjectedtotheplan.Ireallyobjecttobeingchargedforparking.MotherobjectedthatJimmywastooyoungtotakeupthejob.Ourobjectistogetatthetruth.Whatarethosestrangeobjects?v.反对；n.目标；物体objectionn.不赞成；反对；异议Mymainobjectiontotheplanisthatitcoststoomuch.5.object[拓展]objecttodoingsth.反对做某事objectthat…以……为理由反对raise/have/makeanobjectionto(doing)sth.对……表示反对Ihavenoobjectiontoyourplan.Theymadeanobjectiontothemeetingdate.Icanhardlystandhisrudemanners.Iobject______likeachild.A.tobetreatedB.beingtreatedC.tobeingtreatedD.totreatChoosethebestanswer.Fillintheblanks.(1)What________(物体)canyouseeinthepicture?(2)Somemembersofourgroup__________(反对)myplan,whichmademedisappointed.(3)They____________(反对)theplanwasrisky.objectsobjectedtoobjectedthat6.obtaintoobtainpermissionFirsteditionsofthesebooksarenowalmostimpossibletoobtain.Inthesecondexperimenttheyobtainedaveryclearresult.vt.获得；赢得Translatethefollowingsentences.(1)很难获得可靠的证据。Youcanalsoobtainknowledgethroughpractice.(2)你还可以从实践经验中获得知识。Itisdifficulttoobtainreliableevidence.7.accumulateAspeopleaccumulatemorewealth,theytendtospendagreaterproportion(比例)oftheirincomes.Thecompanysaidthedebtwasaccumulatedduringitsacquisitionofnineindividualbusinesses.We'veaccumulatedsomuchrubbishovertheyears.vt.&vi.积累；聚积Clinical(临床的)evidencebeganto_______,suggestingthatthenewdrugshadawiderrangeofusefulactivitiesthanhadbeenpredictedfromexperimentsinanimals.(2011湖北)A.operateB.strengthenC.approveD.accumulateChoosethebestanswer.课文难句精析1.Cloningplantsisstraightforwardwhilecloninganimalsisverycomplicated.克隆植物简单，但克隆动物就非常复杂了。while作并列连词用，意思为“然而”，表示前后意义上的对比或转折。如：Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothersdon’thaveenough.Youlikesports,whileIprefermusic.while的其他用法：①while用作从属连词，意思为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句。如：Whiletheoldmanwasout,athiefenteredthehouse.Strikewhiletheironishot.②while用作从属连词，意思为“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句。如：WhileIlikethecolorofthemobilephone,Idon’tlikeitsshape.Translatethefollowingsentences.(1)他出去散步了，而我却呆在家里。Ilikesingingwhileshelikesdancing.(2)我喜欢唱歌，而她喜欢跳舞。Hewentoutforawalk,whileIstayedathome.(3)虽然我们尽了最大努力，但还是输了比赛。Whilewetriedourbest,welostthegame.2.ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。此句用的是全部倒装结构，副词then位于句首。正常的语序为ThedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyillcamethen.常见的使用全部倒装结构的情况：①在therebe/lie/stand/live等结构中。如：Theregoesthecar.②表示地点、方向、时间的副词(如here,there,in,out,up,down,away,now,then等)位于句首，且谓语常用不及物动词(如go,come,leave,move,run,rush,jump等)时。如：Downjumpedthemanfromthetree.注意：如果主语是人称代词，主语和谓语的语序不变。如：Awaytheywent.③表示方位的介词短语置于句首时，句子需全部倒装。如：Infrontofthehousesatanoldman.Outsidetheentrancestoodtwopoliceofficerswithguns.Translatethefollowingsentences.(1)这群人一个一个地离去。Herecomesourteacher.(2)我们的老师来了。Awaywentthecrowdonebyone.(3)在我们面前有很多困难。Beforeuslayalotofdifficulties.ThecuckoocomesinApril,andstaysthemonthofMay;singsasongatMidsummer,andthengoesaway.布谷鸟，四月来，五月一直在，仲夏唱支歌，然后就离开。不及物动词vi.HestayedwithafriendwhilehewasinParis.他在巴黎时住在一位朋友家里。停留;留下;暂住Ihopetheweatherwillstayfine.我希望天气能持续放晴。继续,保持Stayrighthere.站住;停下;止住就在这里停下。Hemadefewfriendsduringhisstayinthevillage.及物动词vt.Thegovernmenttooknosteptostaytheriseinprices.政府未采取措施抑制物价上涨。阻止;抑制Shemanagedtostayheranger.她努力克制了怒气。平息,暂时解除名词n.他在这个村子逗留的期间,没有交上几个朋友。停留,逗留活学活用从上面给出的例句中我们可以看到stay在不同的语境中会产生丰富的含义，不仅仅表示“停留”。大家还知道哪些stay含义呢？请选择几个进行造句或对话练习。Individualactivity注:另附word文档。点击此处链接I.Completethefollowingsentenceswithproperwords.1.Isawalittleboyc____astoneintotheriverjustnow.2.Theissueisnotquite_______________(简单的)asitseems.3.Doyouth