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语法互动(十四)连词和状语从句语法互动(十五)┃连词和状语从句中考要求1．掌握并列连词的基本用法。如：and,but,or,so等。2．掌握常用从属连词的基本用法。如：when,after,before,assoonas,because,if等。3．掌握状语从句的构成和用法。1．表示并列关系的：and(和；同；与)，both…and…(……和……都),notonly…butalso…(不仅……而且……),aswellas(而且，还，又),neither…nor…(既不……也不……)。HelikesdrawingandIlikedancing.他喜欢画画，我喜欢跳舞。______hisfather______hismother______watchingTV.他的父母都喜欢看电视。_________you______I______wrong.你和我都没有错。TomaswellasI_______(walk）toschooleveryday.汤姆和我每天步行去上学。[注意]aswellas连接的并列结构在句中作主语时，谓语动词应与aswellas前面的主语在数上保持一致（就远原则）；而notonly…butalso…和neither…nor…则遵循“就近原则”。Bothand考点一并列连词likeNeithernoramwalksand在表示条件时，可与if引导的肯定条件句转换Keeptakingexercise,andyou'llbeOk!Ifyoukeeptakingexercise,you'llbeOk!2．表示选择关系的：or(或；或者；还是；否则；不然),either…or…(或者……或者……；不是……就是……),1.Idon'tlikebeef_____mutton.我不喜欢牛肉和羊肉。2.Workhard,________youwillfallbehind.努力学习，否则你会落后。=3.Eitheryouorhe______(be)goingtodosomeshoppingthisafternoon.今天下午或者你或者他去购物。[注意]用either…or…连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。ororIfyoudon’tworkhard,youwillfallbehind.is3.并列连词:but(但是),however(然而),yet(但是),while(而,然而)。他努力地干,然而失败了。.汤姆个儿很高,而他的兄弟却很矮。我想和你一块儿去,可是我忙不过来。She’sgoodatEnglish,butherChineseisn’tgood.Heworkedhard,yet（but）hefailed.Tomistallwhilehisbrotherisshort.I’dliketogowithyou,however,myhandsarefull.4.并列连词:for(因为),表示因果关系，起解释说明的作用。so(所以)。其中so为“所以、结果”，表因果关系。今天她没来上学,因为她生病了。提醒:so与because不能连用。因为我有钱,所以我能给自己买很多东西。误:BecauseI’mrich,soIcanbuymyselflotsofthings.正:BecauseI’mrich,Icanbuymyselflotsofthings.正:I’mrich,soIcanbuymyselflotsofthings.Thatwasourfirstlesson,soshedidn’tknowallournames.Shedidn’tcometoschooltoday,forshewasill.1．时间状语从句。引导词有when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,not…until…，assoonas。I'llringyou_________IreachBeijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。They______________untiltheyfinishthework.他们直到完成工作才会去睡觉。Whenhe__________,I'llgiveyouacall.他回来时，我会给你打电话的。2．原因状语从句。引导词有because,since,as。Ididn’tgo,because(因为）Iwasafraid.Since（既然）youarefreetoday,you'dbettertakeagoodrest.As（由于）Springcomes,we’dbetterplantsometreesinthegarden.考点二从属连词引导状语从句assoonaswon’tgotosleepcomesback3．条件状语从句。引导词有if,unless,aslongas。If_________________________.如果下雨，我就乘小汽车去。Youcan’tsucceed_________________________.如果你不努力，你是不会成功的。_________________________,youwillbesuccessful.只要你努力学习，你就会成功。5.目的状语从句。引导词sothat=inorderthatHegetsupearly_________hecancatchtheearlybus.6.结果状语从句。引导词有so…that,such…that。Itwasraining_______hard_______wecan’tseetheroad.Jackiewass______ahard-workingboy_______hegotintoZhengJiangUniversity.itrains,I'llgobycarunlessyouworkhardAslongasyouworkhardsothat/inorderthatsothatsuchthat7．让步状语从句。引导词有though/although,eventhough/if,“nomatter＋疑问词(who,what,when,where,how)”。=whoever,whatever,whenever,wherever,however1.______________yousayso,Idonotbelieveit.2.Hecanspeakfivelanguages_______________heisonly10yearsold.3.Idon’tcare,________youare,________youdo,________yougo,____________youcome.4._________tiredmymotheris,shealwayscooksdeliciousdinnerforthefamily.wheneverthough/althoughwhoeverwhateverwhereverEventhough/ifNomatterhow8.方式状语从句。引导词有asif,asthough。Thechildtalkedtousasifhewereagrownup.那个孩子跟我们谈起话来像个成年人似的。9.地点状语从句。引导词有where,wherever。Whereverhegoes,healwaysbringshispetdog.无论他去哪里，他总是带着他的宠物狗。10.比较状语从句。引导词有than,as…as,notas/so…as。CarolspeaksEnglishaswellasyoudo.卡罗尔英语说得和你一样好。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分为下列两种情况：(1)主现从现：若主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词时，那么从句用一般现在时表示将来。1)Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.过马路时要小心。2)Thetrafficmuststopwhenthelights____________.当红灯亮时，车辆必须停下来。考点三主句与从句时态一致的问题turn/arered(2)主将从现：主句用一般将来时，而从句用一般现在时。1)IwillvisitmygoodfriendwhenI______time.当我有空时，我将去看望我的好友。2)Ifshe______heretomorrow,Iwillgototheparkwithher.如果明天她来这里，我将和她一起去公园。havecomesⅡ.单项填空1．Youhavecoughedforseveraldays,Bill.Stopsmoking,________you'llgetbettersoon.A．butB．afterC．orD．and2．________Lily________Lucyisgoingwithyou,becauseoneofthemmuststayathome.A．Notonly;butalsoB．Neither;norC．Both;andD．Either;orDDⅠ.根据汉语意思完成句子1．《功夫熊猫》如此精彩，以至于许多孩子都喜欢看。ThemovieKungfuPandais________wonderful________manychildrenenjoywatchingit.2．吸烟会让他的病情加重，除非他立即戒烟。Smokingwillmakehisillnessworse________he________________smokingatonce.考点过关sothatunlessgivesup3．父亲和我都喜欢看篮球比赛。________myfather________Ilovewatchingbasketballmatches.4．上周六，汤姆和玛丽都没有和我们一起去看电影。________Tom________MarywenttothemovieswithuslastSaturday.5．我一收到你的来信就会打电话给你。I________callyouup________________________Ihearfromyou.BothandNeithernorwillsoonasas3．Youwillfailtheexam________youworkhard.A．unlessB．onceC．sinceD．after4．—Ringmeup________youcometomyhouse,willyou?—Sure,Iwill.A．thoughB．whileC．beforeD．until5．Itoldhimthenews________hecamebackyesterday.A．untilB．assoonasC．unlessACB附录动词不规则变化表附录1)A—A—A型(原形、过去式和过去分词同形，保持不变)动词原形过去式过去分词意思costcostcost花费cutcutcut割，切hithithit打putputput放下read#readread读hurthurthurt受伤letletlet让#“read”的“过去式”和“过去分词”的读音和动词原形的不同。2)A—A—B型(原形和过去式同形)附录动词原形过去式过去分词意思beatbeatbeaten打3)A—B—A型(原形和过去分词同形)动词原形过去式过去分词意思comecamecome来到becomebecamebecome变runranrun跑overcomeovercameovercome征服，打败4)A—B—B型(过去式与过去分词同形)分为以下情形：①在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t。动词原形过去式过去分词意思burnburntburnt燃烧learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt学习meanmeantmeant含义是hearheardheard听见附录②把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”。动词原形过去式过去分词意思buildbuiltbuilt建筑lendlentlent借sendsentse