第1页(共24页)英语:经典易错题会诊(特殊句式:强调倒装及其他)强调句的正确运用倒装句的正确运用反意疑问句的用法省略句的用法特殊句式在语境中的用法经典易错题会诊命题角度1强调句的正确运用1.(典型例题)Itwasn’tuntilnearlyamonthlater__Ireceivedthemanager’sreply.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that[考场错解]B[专家把脉]很多考生误以为用when来引导时间状语从句,分析本句结构会发现,本句实际上是由Itis/wasnotuntil...that...结构构成的强调句。[对症下药]D2.(典型例题)Itwas__backhomeaftertheexperiment.A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightdidhegoC.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgo[考场解错]A[专家把脉]很多考生误以为本句是倒装句,实际上本题为强调结构。把题干还原成“Hedidn’tgobackhomeaftertheexperimentuntilmidnighmidnight,在对until进行强调时,not应置于被强调部分之中,构成“Itwasnotuntil...that...”固定结构。[对症下药]C3.(典型例题)Itwasintheclassroom__wasbuiltbythelocalgovernmenttheyfinishedtheirhomework.A.where;thatB.that;thatC.that;whereD.where;where[考场错解]A或C[专家把脉]很多考生把本题看作状语从句或定语从句,仔细分析句子结构可知,本句实际上是一个含有定语从句强调句,应选B,第一个出at引导定语从句,第二个that为强调句中的that.第2页(共24页)[对症下药]B4.(典型例题)—DidMr.Smithcomeyesterday?—He__comeyesterday.A.doB./C.didD.has[考场错解]D[专家把脉]答语中时间状语为yesterday,此时用hasdone结构显然有误。本句意为“他昨天的确来了”,强调“来了”这一动作。此时应该用助动词did来强调谓语动词。[对症下药]C5.(典型例题)Itwasonseptember1sthebecameamemberofourschool.A.whenB.thatC./D.till[考场错解]A[专家把脉]本句实际上是一个强调句,强调的部分是onseptember1st,若去掉Itwas…taht后,该句仍然成立。[对症下药]B专家会诊使用强调句时,应该注意如下几点:1.强调状语:Itistomorrowthatwillholdthemeeting.(that不能换成when)ItwasonthesportsgroundthatIfound(that不能换成where)2.强调含有not...util...一结构的句子时,要用Itis/wasnotuntil...that...结构。that后的句子要用肯定句,且须用陈述语序。3.强调句和主语从句句型(指“It+be+adj./n.+that从句”类型)的异同点:二者均有Itbe...that/who...之类的语言标志。所不同的是:(1)含有主语从句的句子译为汉语时不可加上“正是……”或“就是……”之类的字眼,而强调则可以。(2)含有主语从句的句子若删掉Itbe...that/who...则原句不论结构还是语意均不成立,而强调句去掉结构标志仍然成立。如:ItisturethatheoncewenttotoCanada.(不可以去掉Itis及that,否则原句不成立)ItwasonDecember11,典型例题atChinabecameamemberofWTO.(去掉was及that后原句仍然成立)4.含有定语从句的强调句型:仔细分析出at或who在句中的作用,若that或who可有可无(结合itbe来分析),则为强调句,否则是定语从句。如:ItwasinthelabthatwassetupbyMr.Smiththattheyfinshedtheexperiment.(lab后的出at不可省略,因为出at引导定语从句,作该句的主语。句中第二个,that才是强调句的标志。)5.强调谓语时用“do/does/did+动词原形”。如:第3页(共24页)Hedidcomeyesterday.他昨天的确来了。考场思维训练1Itisthesepoisonousproducts__cancausethesymtomsoftheflu,suchasheadacheandachingmuscles.A.whoB.thatC.howD.what答案:B解析:强调结构itis/was...that....2Itwasnotlong__hewasborn__hismotherdied.A.before;thatB.since;whenC.until;whenD.after;that答案:A解析:对时间状语进行强调。3ItmustbehethathasstolenMr.Smithspurse,?A.hash’theB.isn’theC.mush’titD.isn’tit答案:D解析:must是表示推测的词,且陈述句为强调句型。4Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn’tmatter__I’mtalkingto.A.whoisitB.whoitisC.itiswhoD.itiswhom答案:B解析:本题考查强调句,该强调句为句子真正主语从句,and后的“为形式主语,whoitisI’mthinkingto为真正的主语。5Why!Ihavenothingtoconfess.__youwantmetostay?A.WhatisitthatB.WhatitisthatC.HowisitthatD.Howitisthat答案:A解析:本题考查强调句的疑问式。陈述语序为:Itiswhatthatyouwantmetostay.命题角度2倒装句的正确运用1.(典型例题)TheyhaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishbutlittletheyknowaboutGerman.A.haveB.didC.hadD.do[考场错解]A[专家把脉]本题中后一分句是从little开头,因此是个倒装句,又由于该句明显是一般现在时,故用do.[对症下药]D2.(典型例题)Ifailedinthefinalexaminationlasttermandonlythen__theimportanceofstudies.第4页(共24页)A.IrealizedB.IhadrealizedC.hadIrealizedD.didIrealize[考场错解]B或C[专家把脉]当only位于句首后接状语时,该句子应该用倒装结构。根据该句句意,是失败在前,所以不用过去完成时,故选D.[对症下药]D3.(典型例题)Onlywhenthewarwasover__hometown.A.didthesoldierreturnB.thesoldierreturnedC.returnedthesoldierD.thesoldierdidreturn[考场错解]B或D[专家把脉]only+状语或状语从句作状语时,主句要进行倒装。本句是only+时间状语从句,所以其后接的主句要倒装。译文:直到战争结束后,这个年轻的战士才得以返回故乡。[对症下药]A4.(典型例题)Sodifficult__ittoliveinanEnglishspeakingcountrythatIdederminedtolearnEnglishwell.A.IfeltB.haveIfeltC.IdidfeelD.didIfeel[考场错解]B或C[专家把脉]以“so+形容词”开头的句子要倒装。此句变为不倒装句为:IfeltitsodifficulttoliveinanEnglishspeakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglishwell.译文:在一个说英语的国家里生活那么困难,以至于我决定学习英语。[对症下药]D5.(典型例题)—Youforgotyourpursewhenyouwentout.—Goodheavens,__.A.sodidIB.soIdidC.IdidsoD.Isodid[考场错解]C[专家把脉]“so+主+谓”的意思是“是的”,表示同意别人所说的话。所提供的情境Goodheavens说明自己确实在出门时忘了带钱包,所以回答说:“soIdid”.sodid的意思是“我确实忘了带钱包。”[对症下药]B专家会诊在下列情况下,句子要完全倒装:1.在there,here引导的句子中,谓语是be;exist等表示状态的词。如:Hereisaseatforyou.Tom.Therestandsabuildingon;thetopofthemountain第5页(共24页)2.在语气词there,here开头的句子中,谓语是come,be等。如:Theregoesthebell!铃响了!Herecomesyourhusband.你丈夫来了。Thereyougoagain你又来这一套。3.由副词now,then,thus引导的句子中,谓语是come,begin,be如:Nowcomesyourturn.Thusendedthemeeting.4.在in,outup,over,back等作状语置于句首时,谓语动词是come,go,rush,run等的句子里。如:UpandupthepricesOffwentthehorses5.地点状语提前,谓语是be,stand,lie的句子中如:Infrontofthedoorstoodaboy.Onthegroundlayasickdog.A.在疑问句里。DoyouhaveanEnglishclasseveryday?Whatdidthetwocheatspretendtobedoing?在特殊疑问句里,如果疑问词作主语,则不用倒装。Whoisinthenextroom?谁在隔壁房间?Whatmakesyousoangry?什么使你这么生气?B.在以so开头表示“也一样”,和以nor或neither开关表示“也不一样”的句子里。Igetupatsevenandsodoesmybrother.Hedidn’tdoitandneitherdidI.C.在以never,hardly,scarcely,seldom,little,barely,rarely,nowhere,bynomeans,hotuntil,hardly(scarcely)...when,nosooner...than等否定或半否定意义的词位于句首表示强调的句子里。NeverbeforehaveImethim.我以前从未见过他。Seldomdidtheboyicadnewspapers.这个孩子以前很少读报。LittledoIdreamofseeingwonderfulseenery.我梦想不到会看到这样神奇的景色。Notuntilmidnightdiditstopraining.雨一直下到半夜才停。Hardlyhadheenteredthehousewhenitbegantorain.他一进屋就开始下雨了。Nosoonerhadtheygottotheplantthantheystartedtowrok.他们一进工厂就开始工作。考场思维训练第6页(共24页)1Onlyinthisway__progressinyourEnglish.A.youmakeB.canyoumakeC.youareabletomakeD.will