CleanCities/1ElectricVehicleMembers:XiaoyuZhaoChenjiaoBaiFanfanLianQiaoliXuJunLiuYaoXuJunHuCleanCities/2ElectricVehicle•HybridElectricVehicles(HEVs)•Plug-InHybridElectricVehicles(PHEVs)•All-ElectricVehicles(EVs)CleanCities/3Basics:HybridElectricVehicles(HEVs)PoweredbyEngineandElectricMotor•Internalcombustionengineusesalternativeorconventionalfuel•chargedbyregenerativebrakingandengine•allowssmallerengineandbetterfueleconomyCleanCities/4Basics:Plug-inHybrids(PHEVs)PoweredbyanElectricMotorandEngine•Duringurbandriving,mostpowercomesfromstoredelectricity.LongtripsrequiretheengineCleanCities/5Basics:All-ElectricVehicles(EVs)PoweredbyanElectricMotor•Batterystoreselectricalenergythatpowersthemotor•chargedbypluggingintooutsideelectricpowersource•Zerotailpipeemissions,butairpollutionmaybeproducedthroughelectricitygenerationCleanCities/6•Typesofenergystoragesystemsinclude:•Lithium-ionbatteries•Nickel-metalhydridebatteries•Lead-acidbatteries•Lithium-polymerbatteries•Ultracapacitors•ThebatteryrecyclingmarketiscurrentlylimitedBasics:BatteriesCleanCities/7Benefits:HybridElectricVehiclesFuelEconomy:BetterthansimilarconventionalvehiclesLowEmissions:LowerthansimilarconventionalvehiclesFuelCostSavings:LessexpensivetooperatethanaconventionalvehicleEnergySecurity:ReducedU.S.relianceonimportedpetroleumFuelingFlexibility:FuelfromgasstationsCleanCities/8Benefits:Plug-inHybridElectricVehiclesFuelEconomy:BetterthanHEVsLowEmissions:LowerthanHEVsFuelCostSavings:LessexpensivetooperatethananHEVEnergySecurity:ReduceU.S.relianceonimportedpetroleumFuelingFlexibility:FuelfromgasstationsorchargeathomeorinpublicCleanCities/9Benefits:All-ElectricVehiclesFuelEconomy:DoesnotuseliquidfuelsLowEmissions:ZerotailpipeemissionsFuelCostSavings:LessexpensivetooperatethanconventionalvehiclesEnergySecurity:ReducesU.S.relianceonimportedpetroleumFuelingFlexibility:CanchargeathomeorpublicchargingstationsCleanCities/10Light-DutyVehicles•HEVswidelyavailable•Morelight-dutyPHEVsandEVscomingsoon•PHEVconversionsHeavy-DutyVehicles•VarietyofHEVsandEVsavailable•PHEVconversionsApplicationsNeighborhoodElectricVehicles(NEVs)•Severalmakesandmodelsavailable•Neighborhoodcommuting,lighthauling,delivery,off-roadserviceCleanCities/11Use:ChargingElectricVehiclesChargingatHomeCharginginPublicCleanCities/12ElectricVehicleThankyou!