搜索
U1PassageOneQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Terrorismmaybeviewedastheuseofforceorviolenceagainstpersonsorpropertytothreatenorcoerce(迫使)agovernment,aformalorganization,oracivilianpopulationforpolitical,religious,orsocialobjectives.Sinceterroristscommonlyuseviolenceagainstciviliantargets,theiractionsarewidelycondemnedasmorallyunacceptable.Inpractice,aswithagreatmanyotherbehaviors,whatconstitutesterrorismisamatterofsocialdefinition.Whennationsresorttoviolencetofurthertheirinterests,theresultsareconsideredasbeinglegalwarfare.Inmanyrespects,terrorismisanextensionofthatapproachbypeoplewholackthearmiesofastate.Formanyyearsthepublic,governmentofficials,andscholarstreatedterrorismprimarilyasanuisance.Butrecently,wehavecometoseeterrorismasanewmodeofwarfarewithfar-reachingimplications.Terrorismservesasanavenueofpoliticalexpressionforsomemilitants(好战分子),whethertheyaremotivatedbyideology,ethnicity,orreligion.However,whatdistinguishesmuchcontemporaryterrorismisnotsomuchitsmotivationorpurpose,butrathertheextentofstateinvolvementincarryingoutwell-plannedandhighlydestructiveactsagainstadversarynations.Anotherfeatureofcontemporaryterrorismhasbeentheextenttowhichithasbecomeamediaevent.Terrorismisusuallyaimedatamediaaudience,nottheactualvictims.Theactofmediacoveragealsoenhancestheimportanceoftheproblemthatledtotheterroristactivities.Newspaperreadersandtelevisionviewersseetheproblemasofmuchgreaterimportanceandasjustifyingnationalorinternationalaction.1.Accordingtothepassage,terrorismiswidelyunacceptable______.A)foritsillegalactionsB)becauseitisoftentargetedatordinarypeopleC)asitusuallyleadstodeathandhatredD)foritsviolence2.Thewordapproachattheendofthefirstparagraphrefersto______.A)legalwarfareB)establishingastateC)furtheringone'sinterestsviaviolenceD)terrorism3.Peopleusedto______.A)underestimatetheinfluenceofterrorismB)paymuchattentiontoterrorismC)sufferlessfromterrorists'actionsD)havesympathywiththeterrorists4.Terrorisminthepast______.A)haddifferentobjectivesB)haddifferentmotivationsC)wasmoreinfluentialD)waslesscloselyrelatedtogovernments5.Terroristsusemediamainly______.A)tomaketheiraimknowntotheworldB)tocarryoutviolentactionsC)asanavenueofpoliticalexpressionD)tocondemntheadversarynationsPassageTwoAstraditionallygrown,underacanopy(株冠)ofshadetreesandamidothervegetation,coffeeisanenvironmentally-friendlycrop.Theshadetreesfixnitrogeninthesoil,fosteringthegrowthofthecoffeebushes,andtheirfallenleavesprovidenutrients,furtherreducingtheneedforchemicalfertilizers.Themixtureofvegetationpreventserosionandprotectsthecoffeefromharshweather.Incontrasttocornandcattle,whichalmostalwaysrequireclear-cutting,coffeecanbegrowninrelativeharmonywiththerainforest.Recently,however,manycoffeefarmersinnorthernLatinAmericahavereducedoreliminatedshadetogrownewhigh-yieldingcoffeeplantsunderdirectsun.Fearofadiseaseknownascoffeeleafrustsparkedanearlyroundofconversions,mostofwhichtookplaceinthe1970s.Topreventthespreadofthedisease,coffeefarmerstechnified,replacingolder,shade-lovingcoffeevarieties,withnewvarieties,packedintighthedgerows,thatcansurviveopensun—butonlywithchemicalinputs.CoffeeleafrustneverturnedouttobeamajorproblemforLatinAmerica.Toboostfarmers'incomes,theU.S.AgencyforInternationalDevelopment(USAID)spentsome$80millionfromthe1970stotheearly1990s,accordingtoareport(1996)fromtheSmithsonianMigratoryBirdCenterandtheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil,tohelpgrowersinCentralAmericaandtheCaribbeantechnify.IncountrieswhereUSAIDwasnotinvolved,nationalcoffeefederationspromotedthechange,supportingthetechnificationof69percentofColombia'scoffeeandnearly40percentofCostaRica's.1.Growingcoffeeplantsundershade______.A)helpsthemabsorboxygenfromthesoilB)providesnutrientsforothertreesC)reducestheneedforchemicalfertilizersD)createsamixtureofvegetation2.Coffeecanbegrownamidtherainforestbecause______.A)itcanstandharshweatherB)itcanbegrowntogetherwithotherplantsC)itdoesn'tneedanychemicalfertilizerD)itwillnoterodeintheforest3.Manycoffeefarmersshiftedtogrowingcoffeeplantsunderdirectsuninthe1970s______.A)outofthefearofthespreadofcoffeeleafrustB)becauseitwasmoreprofitableC)asnewvarietiesofcoffeeplantsweredevelopedD)todecreasechemicalinputs4.Coffeeleafrust______.A)wasagreathittothecoffeeindustryB)cannotbeeliminatedbychemicalfertilizersC)didn'tconstituteabigproblemforLatinAmericaD)endedthegrowinghistoryofshadecoffee5.Manycoffeefarmersturnedtosuncoffee______.A)asaresultofthewidespreadofcoffeeleafrustB)becauseitbroughtabouthigherprofitC)attherequestofUSAIDD)withthedevelopmentoftechnology1.Theyarecurrently_________inlengthytradenegotiations.A)engagedB)busyC)obligedD)occupied2.Atthefirst_______oftwelvealltheworkersinthefactorystoppedforlunch.A)strikeB)bellC)strokeD)hit3.Asolardayisthelengthoftime_______theEarthtorevolveoncearoundtheSun.A)takesB)takesitC)ittakesD)onetakes4.Heobviouslydisplaysagreat______forsomeofyourpoems.A)consentB)admirationC)respectD)pleasure5.Theteachers______themselveswithplanningouttheworkofthecomingsemester.A)employedB)involvedC)occupiedD)engaged6.Ip