名词性从句讲解及专项练习习题及解答

名词性从句讲解及专项练习习题及解答1/6名词性从句讲解在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。一、名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that,whether,if（不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.连接副词：when,where,how,why1.主语从句（两种结构，三类连接词）两种结构1.主语从句位于句首：Whathewantsisabook.Whokeptthedooropenallnightwasunknown.2.主语从句位于句尾，it作形式主语。（1）It+be+名词+that从句It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.很遗憾我们不能去。It’snosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。（2）It+be+形容词+that从句.Itseemsobviousthatwecannotgoonlikethis.很明显我们不能这样下去了（3）It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句Itisknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.众所周知光沿直线传播。ItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman-madeearthsatelliteintoorbit.（4）It+不及物动词+that从句注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that…Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that…三类连接词:1.连词thatwhetherthat引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义,在句中不做成分,不可以省。whether引导的主语从句:whether有含义(是否),在句中不做成分,不可以省。Thatyouwillwinthemedalseemsunlikely.你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。Thatshesurvivedtheaccidentisamiracle.她在事故中幸免于难简直是奇迹。Whethersheiscomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.她来不来都无关紧要。2.连接代词who,whose,whom,which,what,whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分.Whatyouneedismorepractice.你所需要的是更多的训练。WhatIwanttoknowisthis.我想知道的就是这事。Whateverwedoistoservethepeople.我们无论做什么都是为人民服务。3.连接副词when,where,why,how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。)Whereweshouldleaveitisaproblem.Whentheywillcomehasn’tbeenmadepubic.他们什么时候来还不知道。WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.名词性从句讲解及专项练习习题及解答2/6练习1.hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever2.Itwashesaiddisappointedme.A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what3.we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where4.hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter5._______hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How6.Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent_______atleastaforeignlanguage.A.mastersB.shouldmasterC.masteredD.willmaster7.WhatIsayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave8._______isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It9._______we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where2.宾语从句名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,demand,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”。例如：Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.我坚持要她自己工作。Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.司令员命令部队马上出发。2.用who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如：Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知道他告诉了你什么。Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。3.用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；c.引导从句作介词宾语时；d.从句后有“ornot”时；e.后接动词不定式时。Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。名词性从句讲解及专项练习习题及解答3/64.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。例如：hestudiesEnglisheveryday.（从句用一般现在时）hestudiedEnglishlastterm.（从句用一般过去时）Iknow(that)hewillstudyEnglishnextyear.（从句用一般将来时）hehasstudiedEnglishsince1998.（从句用现在完成时）当主句动词是过去时态（could,would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。例如：TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica．5.think,believe,imagine,suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）Thenewsthathetoldmeisexciting.（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）练习1.______surprisedmemostwas______suchalittleboyofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.A.That…whatB.What…thatC.That…whichD.What…which2.Excusemewouldyoupleasetellme________A.whenthesportsmeetistakenplaceB.whenisthesportsmeetgoingtobeheldC.whenisthesportsmeettobeginD.whenthesportsmeetistotakeplace3.Doyouhappentoknow________A.whatsizeshoeshewearsB.howbigshoeshewearsC.whatisthesizeofhisshoesD.whatnumbershoesarehis4.Wheredoyouthink________A.hashegoneB.hashebeenC.he'sgoneD.washe5.Doyouknow________A.howmanypopulationsthereareintheworldB.howmuchpopulationthereisintheworldC.howmanythepopulationoftheworldisD.whatthepopulationoftheworldis6.Hedidn'tknowwhichroom________.A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein7.Thelittleboyate________hismothergavehim.A.thatB.whichC.whateverD.nomatterwhat8.Heinsistedthathe________ingoodhealthand_______toworkthere.A.was,besentB.is,issentC.be,wassentD.be,send9.Theydiscussed________theycouldsettletheproblemwithoutothers'help.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.whether10.Hesaidthathewasfondof________.A.whatbeautifulisB.whatisbeautifulC.beautifuliswhatD.whatitisb