非谓语动词之“现在分词”的用法现在分词由“动词原形+ing”构成,具有动词的特点,在句中可作宾语补足语,定语,状语。一、作宾语补足语。(有“主动”的意思)感官动词后可用现在分词作宾语补足语。感官动词有:一感。(feel)二听。(hear,listento)四看。(see,watch,notice,find)如:IheardthegirlsinginganEnglishsongwhenIcameintotheroom.例题:1.-DoyouoftenfindTom(play)ontheplaygroundafterschool?-Yes,andIfoundhim(play)ontheplaygroundjustnow.2.–DoyouoftenseeMary(draw)pictureinherroom?-Yes,andshewasseen(draw)ahorsejustnow.区别:现在分词作宾补表示宾语动作的瞬间,省to不定式作宾补表示宾语动作的过程。补充:keepsbdoingsth使某人干某事,stopsbdoingsth阻止某人干某事二、作定语。(有“主动”的意思)1、ThereisagirlsinginganEnglishsongintheroom.有个女孩在房间里唱英文歌。2、ThemanwearingablackcoatmaybeLucy’sfather.穿着黑色外套的那个男子可能是Lucy的爸爸。例题:1、Thisisthebestway(solve)theproblem.2、Iknowthewoman(wait)atthebusstop.区别:现在分词作定语有被修饰的人“正在做某事”的意思,但动词不定式没有。三、作状语。(有“主动”的意思)1、Thestudentscameintotheclassroom,singingandtalking.(表伴随)学生们说唱着走进来。2、Hearingthewords,hisfaceturnsred.(表时间)听到这些话,他的脸变红了。3、BeingaPartymember,shealwaysdoesherbesttodoeverything.(表原因)作为党员,她总是尽力做一切事情。例题:Manypeoplehateadvertisements,(say)thattheymakethecitiesandcountriesugly.非谓语动词之“过去分词”的用法过去分词具有动词的特点,在句中可作宾语补足语,定语等。一、作宾语补足语(有被动意思)1、Studentsshouldn’tgettheirearspierced.学生们不应该打耳洞。(使耳朵被穿刺)2、Iwillhavemyhaircuttomorrow.明天我将理发。(使头发被理)(cut是过去分词)3、Haveyoumadethetreeswatered?你已让某人浇树了吗?(使树被浇了吗)区别:have和make用法:使某人干某事have/makesbdosth使某事被干have/makesthdoneget用法:使某人干某事getsbtodosth使某事被干getsthdone例题:1、-Haveyouhadtheflowersyet?-Yes,Ihadsomeonethemyesterday.A.water,waterBwatered,wateredCwater,wateredDwatered,water2、-InAmerica,canyouunderstandthenativespeakers?-yes,butIcan’tmyself..AunderstandBunderstoodCtounderstandDunderstanding二、作定语。(有被动意思或完成了的意思).单个过去分词要放在被修饰词的前面,过去分词短语要放在被修饰词的后面。1、Ican’tunderstandspokenEnglish.2、Ilikereadingthebookswrittenbyluxun.3、ChinaisadevelopingcountryandAmericaisadevelopedcountry.(发展中国家)(发达国家)(有完成了的意思)区别:过去分词具有被动的意思,而现在分词具有主动的意思。例题:ThestudentonthechairwasreadingabookbyHemingwei.Asitting,writingBsit,writtenCsitting,writtenDissitting,iswritten