PCR(RT-qPCR)、、,[1-2]。PCR,,,,[3-4]。(ACT)、3-(GAPDH)、18SrRNA、(EF-1α)、(UBQ)、α(TUA)β(TUB)[5-8]。,,,[9-11],[12-13]。,,。,,。geNorm、NormFinderBestKeeper,3,3,,3,。1geNorm1.1geNormVandesompele[14]2002PCR,,22,。geNormM,M,,。1V,Vn/Vn+1。V0.15(),Vn/Vn+10.15,n;Vn/Vn+10.15,n+1。1.21.2.1Excel。geNorm,Excel,Excel。Excel“”,“”“”,“”。1.2.2△Ct。Ct(Cyclethreshold)(),CtgeNorm、NormFinderBestKeeper11122*(1,524037;2,)PCR(RT-qPCR)、、,,。,,。geNorm、NormFinderBestKeeper,3,、,3,。;;geNorm;NormFinder;BestKeeperS60A1007-5739(2017)05-0278-04AnalysisMethodofSystematicallyEvaluatingStabilityofReferenceGenesUsinggeNorm,NormFinderandBestKeeperWUJian-yang1HEBing1DUYu-jie1LIWei-cai2WEIYong-zan2*(1BasicEducationCollegeofLingnanNormalUniversity,ZhanjiangGuangdong524037;2KeyLaboratoryofTropicalFruitBiology(MinistryofAgriculture),SouthSubtropicalCropsResearchInstitute,ChineseAcademyofTropicalAgriculturalSciences)AbstractReal-timefluorescentquantitativePCRtechnology(RT-qPCR)isusedforgeneexpressionanalysiswithhighsensitivity,goodrepea-tability,strongspecificity,highthroughput,buttheveracityandreliabilityresultsdependonwhetherselectappropriatereferencegeneornot.However,nouniversallyapplicablereferencegeneswithaninvariantexpressionareavailable.Inordertoobtainaccurateresults,appropriatereferencegenesforRT-qPCRnormalisationmustsystematicallyevaluatethestabilityofcandidatereferencegenespriortousingineachexperimentalsystem.geNorm,NormFinderandBestKeeperareusefulprogramstoidentifyappropriatereferencegenesforRT-qPCRanalysis,butthemethodsforusingthethreesoftwaresweredifferent.Inordertosavethetimetounderstandingthewaytousethemandprovideconvenientfornewresearchers,thisstudydescribedthemethodsofapplication.Keywordsreferencegene;stabilityanalysis;geNorm;NormFinder;BestKeeper(20163107);(1630062016009);(CARS-33);(2016B01106);(QL1514);(QL1116)。(1986-),,,,。:。*2016-12-29201752782ExcelNormFinderCt,△Ct,≥0。1.2.32-△Ct。△Ct,Excel2-△Ct,,geNorm。1.2.4Excel。geNormExcel,ExcelgeNorm。Excel,(2,),1,11,1.2.3。1.2.5。Excel,geNorm,“Loadinputdata”1.2.4Excel,“Calculate”,“Automatedanalysis”,,1(a),M,(H3),MM,,M,2(CYP1Fe-SOD2)。“PrintorSavereport”,“saveoutputtofi”MExcel。“Automatedanalysis”,1(b),V,Vn/Vn+10.15,n;Vn/Vn+10.15,n+1,2,V2/3=0.135<0.15。“PrintorSavereport”,“saveoutputtofi”Vn/Vn+1Excel。2NormFinder2.1NormFinderClaus[15]2004,geNorm,,,。NormFinder,,[16]。2.22.2.1ExcelNormFinder。Office2003Excel,“”“”,“”“”NormFinder,“”,NormFinderExcel,ExcelNormFinder(2)。2.2.2△Ct。1.2.2。2.2.32-△Ct。1.2.3。2.2.4Excel。NormFinderExcel,ExcelgeNorm。NormFinder,Excel1,1,11,2.2.3。2.2.5。2.2.4Excel“NormFinder”“NormFinder”,,3。“Selectinputdate”,Excel,3,“Go”,M,(Bestgene),4RPL2。:geNorm、NormFinderBestKeeper:a;b。1geNormab2794NormFinder3NormFinder3BestKeeper3.1BestKeeperMichael[17],1001010。(r)、(SD)(CV),,。、,,,;SD>1,。,。3.2BestKeeperExcel,CP(crossingpoint)(CPdateinput),。,PCRCP“CPdateinput”,CPRT-qPCR3。CP,BestKeeper(r)、(SD)(CV)。,。4geNorm、NormFinderBestKeeper,SCI,[18]、[19]、[20]、[21]BMCMolecularBiology、JournalofExperimentalBotany、InternationalJournalofMolecularSciences、Planta,[22]FrontiersinPlantScience。geNormNormFinder,RT-qPCRCt,Excel,BestKeeperRT-qPCRCP,CP。geNormExcel,ExcelgeNorm。NormF-inderExcelNormFinderExcel,ExcelNormFinder。BestKeeperBestKeeperExcelCP。3,geNorm,。NormFinder,,1。BestKeeper1001010,。5[1]RANSBOTYNV,REUSCHTBH.Housekeepinggeneselectionforqua-ntitativereal-timePCRassaysintheseagrassZosteramarinasubjectedtoheatstress[J].LimnologyandOceanographyMethods,2006,4(6):367-373.[2]YOOWG,KIMTI,LIS,etal.ReferencegenesforquantitativeanalysisonClonorchissinensisgeneexpressionbyreal-timePCR[J].ParasitologyResearch,2009,104(2):321-328.[3]QUACKENBUSHJ.Microarraydatanormalizationandtransformation[J].NatureGenetics,2002,32:496-501.[4]NOLANT,HANDSRE,BUSTINSA.QuantificationofmRNAusingre-altimeRT-PCR[J].NatureProtocols,2006,1(3):1559-1582.[5]SUZUKIT,HIGGINSPJ,CRAWFORDD.ControlselectionforRNAqu-antitation[J].Biotechniques,2000,29(2):332-337.[6]BUSTINSA.QuantificationofmRNAusingreal-timereversetransc-riptionPCR(RT-PCR):trendsandproblems[J].JournalofMolecularEn-docrinology,2002,29(1):23-29.[7]DHEDAK,HUGGETTJF,BUSTINSA,etal.Validationofhousek-eepinggenesfornormalizingRNAexpressioninreal-timePCR[J].Biote-chniques,2004,37(1):112-119.[8]KIMBR,NAMHY,KIMSU,etal.Normalizationofreversetransc-riptionquantitative-PCRwithhousekeepinggenesinrice[J].Biotechnol-ogyLetters,2003,25(21):1869-1872.[9]TONGZG,GAOZH,WANgF,etal.Selectionofreliablereferencege-nesforgeneexpressionstudiesinpeachusingreal-timePCR[J].BMCMolecularBiology,2009,10(1):1-13.[10]TRONDL,CATHRINEL.Referencegeneselectionforquantitativerea-ltimePCRnormalizationintomatosubjectedtonitrogen,cold,andlightstress[J].AnalyticalBiochemistry,2009,387(2):238-242.[11]MUKESHJ,AASHIMAN,AKHILESHK,etal.Validationofhouse-keepinggenesasinternalcontrolforstudyinggeneexpressioninricebyquantitativereal-timePCR[J].BiochemicalandBiophysicalResearchCommunications,2006,345(2):646-651.[12]MAR,XUS,ZHAOYC,etal.Selectionandvalidationofappropriatereferencegenesforquantitativereal-timePCRanalysisofgeneexpr-20175280!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!