Unit2Howtoopenasavingsaccount?宾语补足语是位于宾语之后,说明宾语的状态、特征的成分,多由名词、形容词、副词、不定式,动名词和分词充当。宾语+宾语补足语=复合宾语如:Thesunkeepsuswarm.Iheardhimsinging.Youmustgetyourhaircut.WecallherJenny.Theyfoundhimout.Makeyourselfathome.Theywishyoutogowiththem.复合宾语结构此结构由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语构成。宾语与宾语补足语有逻辑的主谓关系,若无宾语补足语,则句意不完整。不定式作宾语补足语1.Didyouintendus___thenewmethod?A.usingB.touseC.usingD.areusing2.Theteacherencouragedus______goodcompositions.A.WritingB.writtenC.towriteD.iswritingBC1.有些动词作宾语补足语的动词不定式必须带其符号to,即形成asksb.todosth.结构。能用于此结构的常见动词有:advise,allow,ask,enable,beg,cause,drive,encourage,expect,forbid,force,hate,get,intend,invite,permit,persuade,teach,tell,urge,want,warn等。2在某些动词短语,如:callon,dependon,carefor,longfor,waitfor,preparefor等后面。例如:Wearewaitingforthebus_____.A.comeB.tocomeThePartycallsonus___(go)whereweareneeded.Btogo表示视觉、听觉和感觉的动词,如see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,以及使役动词have,let,make等后面跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时,必须省略其不定式符号“to”,即形成make/seesb.dosth.结构。但是变成被动语态to是不能省略。3.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister____,todayhewasmade____byhislittlesister.A.cry;tocryB.crying;cryingC.cry;cryD.tocry;cryA1.Heoftenhelpshismother_____houseworkafterschool.Whichiswrong?A.doingB.todoC.do2.Heconsideredhim_______brave.Whichiswrong?A.tobeB./C.beingAC1.help一词后的不定式,可带to,也可以不带to。3feel一词,跟tobe型不定式带to;跟todo型不定式不带to。2.一些表示心理状态的动词,如:consider,think,believe,discover,judge,suppose,prove,know,imagine,feel,pretend等,其后的宾语补足语若表示什么性质、特征或处于某种状态的特点,这时宾补要用“tobe...”这种形式,“tobe”亦可省略。Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim___________.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donottoThecavebeingverydark,hemadesomecandles__light.A.GiveB.togiveC.GivingD.givenIcan’tgowithyou.Ihavemyoldfather____after.A.LookB.LookingC.tolookD.lookedBCA(1)在含有不定式符号“to”动词不定式作宾补时,为了避免重复,口语中常可省去动词原形,只保留小品词to.(2)要注意make作“制造”“制作”时,与用作使役动词表示“使”“让”时结构的不同;have作使役动词表示“使、让”与作行为动词表示“具有”时结构的不同.Themissingboywaslastseen____neartheEastLake.A.PlayingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay(四)现在分词与动词不定式作宾语补足语时的区别现在分词作宾补时,表示“正在进行的动作”,而动词不定式则表示“一次性的、具体的动作”。例如:Isawhimgoingupstairs.(表示正在上楼)Isawhimgoupstairs.(表示上了楼)A1.Hesawanoldman________onthebus.A.togetB.gotC.gettingD.isgetting2.Didyouseeayoungman_____thehouse?A.enteredB.toenterC.isenteringD.enterCD过去分词与现在分词作宾语补足语的区别1.Ionceheardthissong______inJapanese.A.issungB.sangC.SingD.sung2.Ididn’twantthechildren_____outinsuchweather.A.weretakenB.totakeC.takenD.taking我们都知道,宾语与宾语补足语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,因此,当用作宾语补足语的分词表示主动的、正在进行的动作时应用现在分词作宾补;如果表示的被动的、结束了的动作则用过去分词作宾补。例如:过去分词与现在分词作宾语补足语的区别Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee__thenextyear.(NMET2000)A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryoutC1.Ionceheardthissong______inJapanese.A.issungB.sangC.SingD.sung2.Ididn’twantthechildren_____outinsuchweather.A.weretakenB.totakeC.takenD.takingDC1、在复合宾语中,宾语通常为名词或代词,但有时也可以用不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或that从句来充当。这时,应使用先行it代替宾语,而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部.1.Ifelt____necessarytospeakaboutourshortcomings.A.MeB.oneC.thatD.it2.Doyouconsideritanygood_______again?A.TriedB.tryC.tryingD.Tried3.Weallthoughtitapity________youcouldn’tjoinus.A.IfB.whetherC.whyD.that2.注意:在这种结构中,宾语补足语通常为名词或形容词;常用于这种结构的动词:feel,find,think,make,take,judge,consider等。形式宾语DCD