非谓语动词作状语

作状语表示原因表示时间v-ing不定式todo过去分词v-ed表示方式表示伴随表示结果表示目的表示时间表是原因表示条件(不定式用在句首作目的/结果状语)Tocatchthefirstbus,Ihavetogetupearly.Tocatchupwiththeothers,Idecidedtoworkharder.Hehurriedtotheairportonlytofindtheplanehadalreadytakenoff.(过去分词作时间状语，原因，条件，让步状语，与主句主语是被动的关系)1.Followedbyagroupoffans,=(Whenhewasfollowedbyagroupoffans),handsomeJayChoucamein.2.Movedbythislovestory,=(Becauseshewasmovedby…),Tinahasbeenweepingforonehour.3.United,westand;divided,wefall.=Ifweareunited,…ifwearedivided…4.Beatenbytheenemy,=Thoughtheywerebeatenbytheenemy,thechinesesoldiersdidn’tgiveinV-ing作原因，时间，条件，伴随，和结果状语，与主句主语含有主动的关系)1.Beingill=(Asshewasill),shedidn’tgotoschool.2.Walkinginthestreets=(whenIwaswalkinginthestreets),Isawafriendofmine.3.Workinghard=(Ifyouworkhard),youwillsucceed.4.Laughingandtalking,theywentintotheroom.5.Theflooddiedaway,leavingbodiesandruins如果作状语的现在分词发生在主句的谓语动词之前，要用现在分词的完成式：havingdone1.Havinglitacandle=(Aftershehadlitacandle),shewentout.2.Havingfinishedhiswork,hewenttowatchTV.否定形式：notdoing,nothavingdone1.Notknowingthehomework=(Ashedon’tknowthehomework),hegoestoaskhisteacher.2.Nothavingfinishedyourhomework,youcan’tgoout.1._____thegoodnews,Ijumpedwithjoy.A.HearingB.TohearC.Heard2._____hiswork,Henrywenthome.A.HavingfinishedB.FinishingC.Finished3._____howtodothisjob,heturnedtomeforhelp.A.NotknowingB.KnowingC.Havingknown4._____fromhersonforalongtime,hermotherwenttoseehim.A.NothavingheardB.NothearingC.Notheard5._____fromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.A.SeenB.ToseeC.Seeing6._____moretime,wecoulddoitbetter.A.GivenB.GivingC.Togive7._____thetrain,shegetupearlierthanbefore.A.TocatchB.CatchingC.Caught8.Hecamein____.A.SmilingB.TosmileC.Smiled9.Hermotherdiedin1969,____herwithfouryoungerbrothers.A.LeavingB.LeftC.Toleave10.____in1636,Harvardifoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheworld.A.FoundedBFoundingCTofound11.Hesentmeane-mail,____togetmoreinformation.A.HopingBHopedCTohope12.____lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.Havingslept13.___moretime,hewillmakeafirst-classwriter.A.HavinggivenB.GivenC.Giving14.____theprogram,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.ANotcompletedBNothavingcompletedCHavingnotcompleted15.______inthequeueforanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedhehadn’tbroughtmoney.ATowaitBHavingwaitedCWaited16.___togiveupsmoking,hethrewawayhiscigarettes.ADeterminingBDeterminedCTodetermine17.Heliedtohiswife,___herangryAmadeBhavingmadeCmaking18.Hesatonhischair__aninterestingbook.AtoreadBreadCreading19.__toPekingUniversity,youhavetoworkharderthanothers.AToadmitBTobeadmittedCAdmitting20.___hisson,theoldmanclosedhiseyeswithsmile.ASeeingBSeenCHavingseen21.___yourhomework,youcan’twatchTV.ANotfinishingBNotfinishedCNothavingfinished