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英语阅读策略之猜词技巧全国教育科学“十二五”规划教育部重点课题:阅读策略在提升中小学生英语阅读能力中的价值研究（“HaveyouaZipcode,Ms.Barnes?Joanaskedherlandlady.”MsBarneslookeddownatherskirt.Itwasneatandtidyandthezipwasdoneup.“Nowwhatdoyoumean,Joan?Whatonearthisazipcode?”Joanopenedhermouthandthenshutit.“AllIwanttoknowis,whatlettersandnumbersdoIputafterthisaddresssothatthereplytomylettergetsheremorequickly?”“Oh,youmean‘postcode’.It’sNW82DP.”Lead-in1.通过定义或释义关系猜测词义(definition&explanation)(1).Acenturyisahundredyears.(2).Butsometimes,norainfallsforalong,longtime.Thenthereisadryperiod,ordrought.(3).Therearethreekindsofsnow.Onekindisafluffysnowthatissomewhatdryandfeathery.Anotherkindisdampandsticktogether.Thereisalsoalightpowderysnowthatlookslikeflour.Greatculturalchangesledtomoreopencommunicationandamoredemocraticprocessthatencourageseveryonetohaveasay.（2008广东A篇）2.通过同位关系猜测词义(appositive)AlexanderGrahamBellwasbornin1847inEdinburgh,Scotland.Hisfatherwasanexpertinphonetics,thestudyofthesoundsofalanguage.Fordecades,thefirst-choicetreatmentformalariaparasitesinAfricahasbeenchloroquine,achemicalwhichisverycheapandeasytomake.（2007广东C篇）3.通过同义或反义关系推测词义(synonymorantonym)(1).Hehadbeengettingbetter,butduringthenighthisconditiondeteriorated.(2).Hisfatherdespitehim,whilehismotherloveshimverymuch.Todayitseemsthatoneofthebestwaystoprotectyoursavings,andevenincreaseyourwealthistobuybeautifulobjectsfromthepast.HereIamgoingtooffersomeadviceoncollectingantiqueclocks,whichIpersonallyconsiderareamongthemostinterestingofantiques.（2007广东A篇）TheissuehereisnottheaccuracyofTolstoy’sdescription--itseemsnotthatfarofffromhistoricalaccountsbuthischoiceoffacts：otherthingsthatcouldbesaidofthemanarenotsaid.（2008广东C篇）4.通过描写来推测词义(description)Berriesgrowonplants.Theyaredeliciousonicecreamorwithsugarandmilk.Thereareseveralkindsofberries.A.akindoffruitB.akindofvegetablesC.akindofmeatD.akindofcloth47．Theunderlinedphraseinparagraph3mostprobablymeans_____________．A．formedanideaforB．madeanoutlineforC．madesomespaceforD．chosesomecolorsforWestudiedtheboardcritically．Someofuslookedwithoneeyeandheldupcertaincolorsagainsttheblackboard，rockingthesheetstothelightorleftwhileweconjuredupourdesigns．(2009广东B篇)5.通过因果关系来推测词义(causalityorconsequence)Thelittlegirlwastheonlygrandchildinthefamily.Shewastheappleofhergrandparents’eye.A.眼中钉,肉中刺B.掌上明珠Inmostyears,morethanfivehundredmillioncasesofillnessresultfromthedisease,althoughexactnumbersaredifficulttoassessbecausemanypeopledon‘t(orcan’t)seekcare.(2007广东C篇)6.通过句法功能来推测词义(syntax)Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconutsandsomeotherkindoffruitgrowinwarmareas.Itverywellmightbethatyouareexperiencinganegativeself-imagebecauseyoucan’tmovepastoneflaworweaknessthatyouseeaboutyourself.(2008广东B篇)Indeed,anyseriousstudentofantiqueshouldspendasmuchtimeaspossiblevisitingpalaces,statelyhomesandmuseumstoseesomeofthefinestexamplesofclocksfromthepast.(2007广东A篇)44.Theunderlinedphrasestatelyhomesinparagraph4means____________.A.state-ownedhousesB.housesinverygoodconditionC.grandhousesopentothepublicD.houseswherestatesmenmeetregularly7.通过上下文提供的信息来推测词义(context)Makehaywhilethesunshines.Themarketisgoodnow,don’tmissthechance.InasceneinBookThreeofWarandPeace,thewarshavingreachedthecriticalyearof1812,NapoleonreceivesarepresentativefromtheTsar(沙皇),whohascomewithpeaceterms.Napoleonisveryangry：doesn’thehavemorearmy?He,nottheTsar,istheonetomaketheterms.(2008广东C篇)“Iwouldneverhavesaidtomymom,‘Hey,thenewWeezeralbumisreallygreat.Howdoyoulikeit?’”saysBallmer.“Therewasjustacompletegapintaste.”Musicwasnottheonlygulf.Fromclothingandhairstylestoactivitiesandexpectations,earliergenerationsofparentsandchildrenoftenappearedtomoveinseparateorbits.（2008广东A篇）41.TheunderlinedwordgulfinPara.3mostprobablymeans_________.A.InterestB.distanceC.DifferenceD.separation8.借助构词知识来推测词义(word-building)geo-:地球,土地,地面thermal:热的,温度的geographygeographicgeographergeobiologygeothermalthermalspringthermalunitItwasaveryimportanteventinthecomputerizationoflife—asignthattheinformal．friendlycommunicationofpeopleworkingtogetherinanofficehadchangedfromnotesinpentoinstantmessagesandemails．(2009广东C篇)2.Afoodthatcontainsgoodandhealthythingsisnutritious.A.有营养的Ｂ．鼓励的Ｃ．珍贵的Ｄ．稀少的3.Thefarmeristhemostimportantpersoninthemovie.Hewasthehero.A.英雄Ｂ．主角Ｃ．偶像Ｄ．象征4.Apersonwhosellsmedicineisadruggist.A.吸毒者Ｂ．推销员Ｃ．药商Ｄ．厂主5.Whenwoodorstoneiscutbyanartist,itisasculpture.A.建筑物B.玩具C.博物馆D.雕塑1.Wheneveryoneagreesonadecision,thedecisionisunanimous.A.无效的B．一致通过的Ｃ．匿名的Ｄ．有价值的6.Themanwalkedbrisklytokeepwarmontheverycoldnight.A.慢慢地B.快步地C.不变地D.焦虑地7.Cowboyswerecarefulofrustlers,whostolecowsfromthem.A.狮子Ｂ．偷牛贼Ｃ．看牛者Ｄ．过路人8.Eatinghamburgersorbunsisquicklyandeasy.Inotherwords,it’sconvenient.A.舒服Ｂ．享受Ｃ．方便Ｄ．容易9.Thatyearwasthecentennial,or100thbirthdayoftheUnitedStates.TherewasalargefairinPhiladelphiacalledtheCentennialExposition.A.世纪Ｂ．天线Ｃ．大陆的Ｄ．百年纪念A.暴露Ｂ．作文Ｃ．展览Ｄ．市场10.Insomniaistheinabilitytofallasleeporsleepingrestlessly.11.Whentwoarmiesfight,itiscalledabattle.12.Atfirstthepicturesmeantjusttheobjectsthatwerepictured-----ahouse,anarrow,aserpent,adish,aman,andsoon.Thengraduallypicturesweredesignedtoexpressideasandact