中药产业国际化发展战略的研究

上海交通大学硕士学位论文中药产业国际化发展战略的研究姓名：邹敏申请学位级别：硕士专业：工商管理指导教师：黄国祥2005061220047.2510%7SWOT1999,,THERESEARCHOFDEVELOPMENTSTRATEGYOFINTERNATIONALIZATIONOFTRADITIONALCHINESEMEDICINEINDUSTRYABSTRACTTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)isoneoftheimportantpartoftraditionalChineseculture.Ithasahistoryofthousandsofyears.EarlyintheTangdynastyTCMhasbeenbroughtabroadandaffectedthemedicalsystemofthecountriesaroundChina.TCMspreadtotheworldwithChineseimmigrationinrecentcenturiesanditspacefastenedduetotheopeningpolicyofChina.Inrecentyears,TCMdevelopedwiththeworldtrendofreturningnature.AlthoughTCMisnotthemainstraininthemarketofmedicalworldwide,butitseffecthasbecomingmoreandmore.Intheyearof2004ChinaexportedUSD725millionTCMproductstoothercountries,reachingthehistoricalhighlevel.Buttherearestillmanyproblems,suchastheexportscaleisonly1/10ofthetotalnationalmarket,manycountriesdonotacceptTCMasmedicine,TCMexportfacingmoreandmoretechnicalbulwark,intellectualpropertieslosing.ThepurposeofthisarticleistrytosolvethedifficultiesofTCMexport,findthebreakthroughanddiscoverthewayofTCMinternationalization.FirstpartofthethesisisbackgroundmaterialsandtheproblemsofTCMexporting.FirstdefinedandComparedtheconceptofTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)andnaturalmedicines.TCMisusedbytheguidelineoftraditionalChinesemedicalsystem,naturalmedicinesmeansitsingredientsarenatural,TCMisonepartofnaturalmedicines.Themostimportantfourmarketsofnaturalmedicinesare:northAmerica,south-eastAsia,KoreaandJapan,Europe.TheannualexportsumisaroundUSD700million,theexportproductsaremainlyChineserawherbs,patentmedicines,andbotanicalextracts,amongwhichChineserawherbsarenearlyhalf.ThemaindifficultiesofTCMexportingare,themainexportproductsarerawmaterials,theexportingareasaremainlySouthEastAsia,technicalbulwarkduetothedifferencesofqualitystandard,TCMdidnotentertheWesternmainstrainasmedicines,TCMwasmisusedandoverused.TCMinternationalizationisfacingthreebulwarks:culture,technical,market.SecondpartofthethesisproposedtheideaofTCMinternationalization.FirstisSWOTanalysisofinternationalizationofTCMindustry,thestrengthisTCMiseffectiveforsomechronicdiseases,theweaknessisTCMisdifficulttotranslatetomoderndigitallanguage.Theopportunityisfitforthetrendofreturningnature.ThethreatisTCMmodernizationstillhasalongwaytogo.SecondistoproposetheideathekeypointofTCMinternationalizationistorealizethemodernizationofTCM.TCMmodernizationshouldstartfromtheresourceofherbalplantation,tothewholeindustrychainofprocess,R&D,manufactureandmarketing.TCMinternationalizationcouldbreakthebottleneckfromtechnic,innovationbreakfromproducts,spacebreakfrommarketing.Thirdistwosuccessfulexamples,TongRenTangandQingHaoSu.Thirdpartanalyzedthreetypicalmarkets:America,EuropeanandHongKongfromthepointofpolicy,marketandcountermeasure.InAmericaTCMisdietarysupplementbutnotmedicine.AndthemainmarketisChinatownmarket.Botanicalextractisusedasingredientsofhealthfood.Andthat’stheproducthasmostpotentialdevelopment.EuropegeneralusesslicedChineseherbs.WiththeimplementofdirectiveofEuropeanparliament,itbecomespossibleforTCMtoberegisteredasmedicinesinEuropeancountries.HongKonghasbeenthemostimportanttransferofTCMexporting.ButTCMwasnotlegislateduntil1999.NowHongKonghasstarttheregistrationprocessofTCMaccordingtothemanagementsystemofmainland.TCMinHongKongwillhaveaprosperousfuture.Tosumup,internationalizationofTCMisasystemicwork.Thereisstillalongwaytogo.TCMinternationalizationcouldberealizedfromthepointofculture,technique,andmarket.FirsttaskistospreadChineseculture,TCMculture.SecondistosetupastandardqualitysystemofChinesecharacteristic.ModernizationofTCMindustryistheonlywaytorealizeinternationalizationofTCM.KEYWORDS:TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM),internationalization,developmentstrategy.MBA1209010%70%2130073%80-90%(FDA)2003MBA28001000710%WTO“”20041/3FDA()20043():200543020056242005624MBA111111300012800“”MBA211212807111461581801200400070004000GMP(GoodManufacturePractice)1999384400039%100070035435000GMP()-12121MBA3NaturalDrugsTraditionalChineseMedicineTCMHerbalMedicineHerbsTraditionalMedicine122“”“”13131MBA41GLP1321MBA5MBA621270197122MBA7200330010%90%221280250390080018717219342555003000198710008001000200180801.21900330040%60301001600MBA8271GMP30222210605566810122370040FDA2003MBA9224234080%30%2012345678910MBA103131121986—200419862.4819872.86+15%19883.73+30%19894.06+9%19904.17+3%19913.68-12%19924.11+12%19933.90-5%19946.52+67%19956.550%19966.85+5%19976.61-3%19985.42-18%19994.46-18%20004.67+5%20015.15+10%20025.66+10%20036.16+9%20047.25+18%MBA11201234567886889092949698200020022004%19942004199899200020002004%312MBA1231996200419965.0473%1.1417%0.6710%19974.6971%1.0115%0.9114%19983.6167%0.8115%1.0018%19992.6560%0.9521%0.8519%20002.6156%1.0923%0.9721%20012.6451%1.1923%1.3226%20022.9451%1.2722%1.4526%20033.1451%1.2921%1.732820043.6250%1.3919%2.2331%150%23/41/2320%41/3MBA1331341997-200419976.64.466%1.219%0.711%0.23%19985.43.972%0.36%0.917%0.35%19994.463.068%0.613%0.716%0.12%20004.673.269%0.613%0.714%0.24%20015.153.772%0.612%0.612%0.36%20025.663.868%0.712%0.814%0.35%20036.164.1668%0.8