100G-面临的挑战及解决方案

100Gchallenges100G–challengesandsolutionsMatthiasBergerOFC2010MarketWatchSession100G–ChallengesandSolutionsƒBandwidthincreaseinallcommunicationnetworkareasƒThe‘challenges’ataglanceggƒFrom10Gbit/sto100Gbit/s–whycoherent?ƒAretechnologiesatthelimits?ƒStandards/Applications/clientsƒSummaryAllRightsReserved©Alcatel-Lucent20092Transitionto100GhappensatseveralnetworkareasEthernetVPNtransportSERVICEEDGEBackboneMETRO&AGGREGATIONBusinessIPVPNVPNTriplePlayDWDM/OTNNodeBResidential2G/3G/4G(incl.LTEEPC)Wireless/mobileInternet(incl.LTEEPC)transport40/100Gbit/slinksPeeringDatacenter40/100Gbit/slinks1G1G/2.5G/10G10G10G/40GAccessMetroEdgeBackboneTypicalInterfaceCapacity2009AllRightsReserved©Alcatel-Lucent200933|Alcatel-LucentIP40G100GEvolution|July20091G/10G10/40/100G40/100G40G/100G2011+Transitiontoa100GproductTherealchallengesarethemultipledimensionsImplementationllblffMisc./Applicationetc.inserviceupgradeability/scalingsmallestpossibleformfactorproperthermalmanagementtechnologyavailabilitymanufacturabilityinserviceupgradeability/scalinglowFITrate/highlifetimebackwardscompatibility‘all’fibersupportRHSliTransmissionFEC/NCG/minOSNRytestabilityFeaturesRoHScomplianceEconomicsFEC/NCG/min.OSNRmax.possibledistancenon-linearimpairmentsmax.nb.ofchannels/min.spacingagileclientsupportstandardizedmappingsfastsnchroniationEconomicslowelectricalpowerlowproductcostpgmax.DGD/CDmax.nb.ofROADM’sreceiverpowerdynamicfibertypesfastsynchronizationfullbandcolorlesssupportpatterngeneration/errordetectiontestfunctionshigh1stpassyieldhighphysicaldensityfibertypesAllRightsReserved©Alcatel-Lucent20094Whycoherent?10GOOK40G(P)-DPSK100GNRZ100G(RZ-)DQPSK100GCoherentQPSKBitspersymbol11124Bitspersymbol1112450GHzWDMCompatibilityYes(YES)/NoNoNoYesSymbolratey(ÆSpeedofelectronics),noFEC10Gbaud40Gbaud100Gbaud50Gbaud25GbaudReq.OSNR(BER10-3)~10dB~(14)/13dB~21dB~18dB~15dBDifferentialGroupDelaytolerance30ps~10ps~3ps~8ps30psChromaticDispersiontolerance±1000ps/nm±70ps/nm±8ps/nm±26ps/nm±1000ps/nmSpectralefficiency0.2bit/s/Hz(0.8)/0.4bit/s/Hz1bit/s/Hz1bit/s/Hz2bit/s/HzTotalfibercapacityc-band(40/80channels)800Gbit/s3.2Tbit/s4Tbit/s4Tbit/s8Tbit/sAllRightsReserved©Alcatel-Lucent20095numbersareroughestimatesanddependonspecificconditionsandimplementations100Gdeployment/engineeringexamples9101112Q²factor[dB]MeasuresFEClimitprobabilityFitdensityfuctionscenario1:~1000kmuntouchablefielddeploymenttypicallyEDFAbased10GOOKhliiExampleA:fieldtrialinEurope1088kmSSMF803691215182124time[h]Q.000.050.100.15probability010GOOKchannelsinoperationdispersionalmostcompletelycompensatedsomeOADM‘s,varyingspanloss1088km,SSMF10Gneigbors,5OADM‘s12111098Q²-factor(dB)FEClimitscenario2:~1500kmpartiallyexistinglineequipmentallchannelsphasemodulatedonlylosslimitssupportedbyRamanExampleB:2550km164100GDPMQPSKchannelsB)87152516051565Wavelength(nm)losslimitssupportedbyRamanchannelsscenario3:2000kmlQ²factor(dB)DeltaQ²improv.(d11791081FEClimitWithNLmitigationWoNLmitigationscenario3:2000kmgreenfielddeploymentnondispersioncompensated‚free‘choiceoffiberRamanamplificationExampleC:7000kmexperiment72100GchannelslargeeffectiveareafiberRamanamplificationAllRightsReserved©Alcatel-Lucent20096Wavelength(nm)15351550156570RamanamplificationRamanamplificationAnothermotivationtolookatcoherent‚Conventional‘40Gvs.coherent100GOApolarizationcontrollerhi-bielementOpticalsignalinputElectricalsignaloutputPhotodetectorCDRDMUXDLIE.g.FBGFECTunableDispersionCompensationPMDCGainMltilOtildlPDEMUXFIRPDEMUXFIRCDCCDCPDEMUXPDEMUXNLNLFEFEPEPEInterpolatorInterpolatorndSRCSRCPDEMUXFIRPDEMUXFIRCDCCDCPDEMUXPDEMUXNLNLFEFEPEPEInterpolatorInterpolatorndSRCSRCADC#1ADC#1OpticalsignalMultipleOpticalmodulesSingleASICPDEMUXFIRFIRTimingEstimationTimingEstimationMemoryMemoryomDSPFrontenCorrelatorCorrelatorPDEMUXFIRFIRTimingEstimationTimingEstimationMemoryMemoryomDSPFrontenDSPBackendCorrelatorCorrelatorADC#1ADC#1ADC#1ADC#1ElectricalsignaloutputFECsignalinputPDEMUXFIRPDEMUXFIRPDEMUXFIRPDEMUXFIRNLNLFEFEPEPEInterpolatorInterpolatorCDCCDCFroSRCSRCCDC:ChromaticDispersionCompensationFE:FrequencyEstimationCorrelatorCorrelatorPDEMUXFIRPDEMUXFIRPDEMUXFIRPDEMUXFIRNLNLFEFEPEPEInterpolatorInterpolatorCDCCDCFroSRCSRCToCDC:ChromaticDispersionCompensationFE:FrequencyEstimationCorrelatorCorrelator#1#1ADC#1ADC#1LO(gain)AllRightsReserved©Alcatel-Lucent20097SRC:SamplingRateConversionPE:PhaseEstimationSRC:SamplingRateConversionPE:PhaseEstimationAretechnologiesatthelimit?-NobutthermalmanagementbecomescriticalnonTelecomexample:example:IntelquadcoreprocessorQ965045nmCMOS–95W820millionTelecom‘water’cooling1000Wforcedfancooling100W820milliontransistors*example:100GADC-DSPTelecommonolithicorhybrid45nmor65nmCMOS200to400milliontransistors=50Wrequiredpassiveconvectionalcooling~50WAllRightsReserved©Alcatel-Lucent20098=50Wrequiredpassiveconvectionalcooling~50W*source:intel.com‘Agile’andtransparentclientsupportintoOTU-4coveredbystandardsallpluggableclientsSFP/SFP+XFP4x25GSERDES/PrecoderDriver90°QuadADCDSPDEMUXLOCFPAllRightsReserved©Alcatel-Lucent20099SummaryƒAconsistenttra