美国文学史课件4-Emily-Dickinson

EmilyDickinson艾米莉·迪金森1830-1886TheOutlineLiterarystatusTheLifeofEmilyDickinsonThePoetryTheThemeTheStyleHerAchievementWildNightsQuestionsLiterarystatusAsecludedpoetess“Mother”ofAmericanPoetryandAmericanModernPoetryIHerLifeShewasbornintoaPuritanfamilyinMassachusetts.Herfatherwasaliberalandalawyer,sotheyhadmoneythewholelife.Shecouldnotwork(awoman)butshedidnothavetogetmarriedbecauseofherfamilieswealth.Shewasveryquietandsensitiveasagirlbutshewasalsoverythoughtful,andsometimesrebelliousatschool.ShewassentawayfromherboardingschoolbecausesherefusedtosignanoathsayingthatshewoulddevotetherestofherlifetoJesusChrist.Shewasarecluse,asolitary,shedidnotlikegoingtoparties,orhavingboringconversationswithotherpeople.Shewaspassionateaboutgardeningandwritingpoetry.Shehadasmallgroupoffriendswhoshelikedalot,butwasnotconcernedwithpeopleshedidnotknowwell.Herbestfriend,Susan,marriedherbrother,andtheylivednextdoortoEmily.Shediedin1886,ofakidneyproblem.Aftershedied,avolumeofherpoemsappeared,butitwasnotuntil1955whenHarvardUniversitybroughtoutaCompleteWorks,thatall1,775ofherpoemswereavailableforustoread.AdistantviewofherhomesteadHerfather,aWhiglawyerandtreasurerofAmherstCollegeReadwidelysuchastheBible,Shakespeare,andKeatsShebeganwritingseriouslyinhertwentiesShecomposed1775poemsaltogether,andonly7werepublishedinherlifeHerhomeIIHerpoems(therecluseofAmherst)ThePoemsofEmilyDickinson艾米丽迪金森诗歌集BecauseICouldNotStopforDeath因为我不能够停下等死IHeardAFlyBuzz—whenIDiedANarrowFellowintheGrassWeLearnedtheWholeofLoveMyLifeClosedTwicebeforeitsCloseI’lltellyouhowthesunrose我品味未经酿造的饮料从珍珠镂成的大酒杯里，我品味未经酿造的饮料。并非莱茵河畔所有的酒桶，都能产出这样的醇酿我陶醉于清新的孔雀，我豪饮那晶莹的露水，在漫长的夏季，我常从熔蓝的酒店蹒跚而归。当“店主人”把酩酊的蜜蜂驱赶出毛地黄花的门庭，蝴蝶也不再浅酌细斟，我却要更加大口狂饮。直到天使摇晃着白色小帽，和那些圣徒，奔向明窗，争看这小小的酒徒斜倚着太阳。我感受了一场葬礼，在脑中我感受了一场葬礼，在脑中哀悼者来来往往不停地踏啊—踏啊—直到仿佛感觉是在分裂—当他们坐下时,一个礼仪，像是一面鼓—在不停敲啊—敲啊—直到我想我的头脑正在麻木—接着我听到抬棺的声音吱呀声传过了我的灵魂又是，那些长筒靴，地面似乎天下就是一只铃铛而人，只是一只耳朵而我，静默，一个陌生的种摧残了，孤独地，在此—接着他们，一块理智的板，碎了，接着撞直了一个世界，在每次掉落，接着完成了知晓—接着—Idiedforbeauty—butwasscarce殉美我为美死去，但是还不曾安息在我的墓里，又有个为真理而死去的人来躺在我的隔壁。他悄悄地问我为何以身殉？“为了美，”我说。“而我为真理，两者不分家；我们是兄弟两个。”于是象亲戚在夜间相遇，我们便隔墙谈天，直到青苔爬到了唇际，将我们的名字遮掩。TwocollectionsofherpoemsHertheme1.Puritanism.DickinsonwasaPuritan,likeherfamily.Wecanseethisinfluenceinalotofherpoetry.ShewritesalotaboutGod,whereshereferstothedeathoftwoofherteachers.Shealsowritesalotaboutreligiousdoubt-sheisagnostic,whichmeansthatshewasoftenunsureofwhetherGodexisted.Sheusesreligiousimageryin“ANarrowFellowintheGrass”,whenshewritesaboutasnake-asymboloftheDevilinChristianthought.2.deathandnatureSheseesnatureasbothgailybenevolentandcruel.Whiledeathbestowsadreadfulblowonherlife.Herclosetwotutors,herparentsandheryoungnephew.3.shewritesaboutinnerlife.4.Ontheethicallevel,sheemphasizesfreewillandhumanresponsibilities.5.loveandimmortalityWildnights—wildnights狂野之夜Wildnights—wildnights!RowinginEdenWereIwiththeeAh,theSea!WildnightsshouldbeMightIbutmoorOurluxury!Tonight—inthee!Futile—thewinds—ToaHeartinportDonewiththeCompassDonewiththechart!狂野之夜，狂野之夜倘若我与你结伴今宵必将奢侈无边！风，怎能吹进心的港湾，去吧，指南针！去吧，航海图！伊甸园里踏浪逐波！啊，大海！但愿我今夜舟泊你的心怀！HerStyleShortlinesandboldimageryStrange,different,andwhimsicalOriginalandunconventionalBrevityandmetricalirregularitiesParadoxHerAchievementShebrokefreeoftheconventionaliambicpentameterSheexploredtheinnerlifeoftheindividualShewasregional(NewEnglander)Shewasidiosyncraticinherfrequentuseofdashesanduniqueuseofcapitals.Herconcise,direct,andsimpledictionandsyntaxQuestionsAnalyzethethemeofEmilyDickinsonCompareEmilyDickinsonwithEmilyBronte.