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I摘要电力系统以发电、变电、输电、配电和用电等环节组成的电能生产与消费的一个完整的系统。它主要是将自然界的一次能源通过发电动力装置转化成电能，再经输、变电系统及配电系统将电能供应到各负荷中心。电气主接线也称为电气主系统一次接线，它是发电厂、变电所电气设计的主体，也是电力系统网络的重要组成部分。电气主接线反映了发电机、变压器、线路、断路器和隔离开关等有关电气设备的数量、各回路中电气设备的连接关系及发电机、变压器与输电线路、负荷间以怎样的方式连接，直接关系到电力系统的可靠性、灵活性和安全性，直接影响发电厂、变电所电气设备的选择，配电装置的布置，保护与控制方式选择和检修的安全与方便性。而且电能的使用已经渗透到社会、经济、生活的各个领域，而在我国电源结构中火电设备容量占总装机容量的75%。本文是对配有6台300MW汽轮发电机的大型火电厂电气一次部分的初步设计，主要完成了整个电气一次部分主接线的设计。包括电气主接线的形式的比较、选择；主变压器、高压厂用变压器台数、容量和型号的选择；短路电流计算和高压电气设的选择与校验;以及相关的配电装置设计及选择。关键词：发电厂，主接线，变压器，短路计算，电气设备，配电装置IIAbstractFrompowergeneration,substation,transmission,distributionandconsumptionofenergyandotheraspectsofthecompositionofproductionandconsumptionsystems.thefunctionistothenaturalworldthroughthepoweroftheprimaryenergyintoelectricalenergypowerplant,thenlose,substationanddistributionsystemwillsupplyelectricitytotheloadcenter.Electricalwiringisthemainpowerplants,electricalsubstationsofthemostimportantpartofthedesign,butalsoconstituteanimportantpartofthepowersystem.Connectiontodeterminetheoverallpowersystemandpowerplants,substationsrunningtheirreliability,flexibilityandeconomyarecloselyrelated.Andchoiceofelectricalequipment,powerdistributiondeviceconfiguration,relayprotectionandcontroloftheformulationhasagreaterimpact.Theuseofenergyhasinfiltratedthesocial,economic,allareasoflife,andinthepowerstructureofChina'sthermalpowerequipmentcapacityofthetotalinstalledcapacityof75%.Thisarticleisequippedwith6setsof300MWturbo-generatoroflarge-scalethermalpowerplantsapartofthepreliminarydesign,mainlytocompletetheelectricaldesignofthemainterminal.Includingtheelectricalwiringofthemainformsofcomparison,thechoice;maintransformer,start/back-uptransformersandhighvoltagetransformerfactorycapacitycalculation,thenumberandtypesofoptions;short-circuitcurrentcalculationandhigh-voltageelectricalequipmentselectionandvalidation;andmadeatransformerprotection.Keywords:powerplant，transformer，mainconnection，relay，electricalequipment，distributionequipmentI目录摘要........................................................................IAbstract.....................................................................II1绪论.....................................................................11.1电力系统概述...........................................................11.2电力系统的国内外发展概况...............................................11.3火力发电厂电气部分概述.................................................21.4课题的主要研究工作.....................................................31.4.1主接线的方案：...................................................31.4.2确定主变形式：...................................................31.4.3计算短路电流：...................................................31.4.4合理地选择主要的电气设备：.......................................31.4.5配置主要的电气设备：.............................................3２发电厂电气部分总体分析......................................................52.1主接线原理分析.........................................................52.1.1电气主接线的设计原则.............................................52.1.2电气主接线的主要要求.............................................52.2原始资料提供...........................................................52.2.1原始资料.........................................................52.2.2始资料的容量负荷分析设计.........................................62.3主接线方案的设计.......................................................62.3.1方案分析.........................................................62.3.2方案设计.........................................................62.4方案论证比较...........................................................92.4.1方案一...........................................................92.4.2方案二...........................................................92.5方案的经济比较及选定..................................................103主变压器选择..............................................................113.1主变压器台数选择......................................................113.2主变压器容量选择......................................................113.3主变压器型号选择......................................................114厂用接线的设计............................................................12II4.1厂用电源的选择........................................................124.1.1厂用电电压等级的确定............................................124.1.2厂用电系统接地方式..............................................124.1.3厂用工作电源引接方式............................................124.2厂用主变选择..........................................................124.2.1厂用电主变选择原则..............................................124.2.2确定厂用电主变容量..............................................125短路电流计算..............................................................145.1短路电流计算的目的....................................................145.2短路电流计算条件......................................................145.2.1基本假定........................................................145.2.2一般规定........................................................145.3短路电流计算步骤.....................................................155.4短路电流分析计算......................................................155.4.1选取短路点......................................................155.4