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一、无机化学方程式AAgAg+2HNO3(浓)＝AgNO3+NO2↑+H2O2AgCl＝2Ag+Cl2↑(见光或受热)AgNO3+NaCl＝AgCl↓+NaNO3AgNO3+NaBr＝AgBr↓+NaNO3AgNO3+NaI＝AgI↓+NaNO32AgNO3+H2S＝Ag2S↓+2HNO3Ag3PO4+3HNO3＝H3PO4+3AgNO3AlAlAl+3O22Al2O3(纯氧)2Al+3SAl2S32Al+3Cl22AlCl34Al(固)+3O2(气)＝2Al2O3(固)+3349.3kJ•mol-14Al+3MnO22Al2O3+3Mn2Al+Cr2O3Al2O3+2Cr2Al+Fe2O3Al2O3+2Fe2Al+3FeOAl2O3+3Fe2Al+6HCl=2AlCl3+3H2↑2Al+3H2SO4＝Al2(SO4)3+3H2↑2Al+6H2SO4(浓)Al2(SO4)3+3SO2↑+6H2OAl+4HNO3(稀)＝Al(NO3)3+NO↑+2H2O(Al、Fe在冷、浓的H2SO4、HNO3中钝化)2Al+2NaOH+2H2O＝2NaAlO2+3H2↑Al2O3、Al(OH)3Al2O3+3H2SO4＝Al2(SO4)3+3H2O(Al2O3是两性氧化物)Al2O3+2NaOH＝2NaAlO2+H2O2Al(OH)3Al2O3+3H2OAl(OH)3+3HCl=AlCl3+3H2O2Al(OH)3+3H2SO4=Al2(SO4)3+6H2OAl(OH)3+NaOH＝NaAlO2+2H2O铝盐AlCl3+3NaOH＝Al(OH)3↓+3NaClAlCl3+3NH3•H2O＝Al(OH)3↓+3NH4Cl2AlCl3+3Na2CO3+3H2O＝2Al(OH)3↓+3CO2↑+6NaClAlCl3+3NaHCO3＝Al(OH)3↓+3CO2↑AlCl3+3NaAlO2+6H2O＝4Al(OH)3↓AlCl3+4NaOH＝Na[Al(OH)4]+3NaClAl2(SO4)3+3Na2S+6H2O＝2Al(OH)3↓+3H2S↑Al4C3+12H2O＝4Al(OH)3↓+3CH4↑AsAs2O3+6Zn+12HCl＝2AsH3↑+6ZnCl2+3H2O3As2S3+28HNO3(稀)+4H2O＝6H3AsO4+9H2SO4+28NO↑As2S3+28HNO3(浓)＝2H3AsO4+3H2SO4+28NO2↑+8H2OBBaBa(OH)2+CO2＝BaCO3↓+H2OBa(OH)2+2CO2(过量)＝Ba(HCO3)2Ba(OH)2+H2SO4＝BaSO4↓+2H2O3Ba(OH)2+2H3PO3＝Ba3(PO4)2↓+6H2OBaCl2+H2SO4＝BaSO4↓+2HClBaCl2+Na2SO4＝BaSO4↓+2NaClBaCO3+2HCl=BaCl2+CO2↑+H2OBaCO3+2HNO3=Ba(NO3)2+CO2↑+H2OBaO2+H2SO4(稀)＝BaSO4↓+H2O2)BeBe+2HCl=BaCl2+H2↑Be+2NaOH=Na2BO2+H2↑BeCl2+2NaOH=Be(OH)2↓+2H2OBe(OH)2+2HCl=BeCl2+2H2OBe(OH)2+2NaOH=Na2BO2+2H2OBrBr2+H22HBrBr2+Fe＝FeBr3Br2+2FeBr2＝2FeBr3Br2+NaI＝NaBr+I2Br2+HI＝HBr+I2Br2+H2O＝HBr+HBrOBr2+NaOH＝NaBr+NaBrO+H2OBr2+SO2+2H2O＝H2SO4+2HBrBr2+H2S＝S↓+2HBr2Br2+3Na2CO3+H2O＝2NaHCO3+2NaBrO+2NaBr+CO2↑CCCC+2F2＝CF4C+2Cl2＝CCl42C+O2(少量)2COC+O2(足量)CO2C+CO22COC+H2OCO+H2(生成水煤气)2C+SiO2Si+2CO(制得粗硅)C+SisiC(金刚砂)C+2SCS23C+CaOCaC2+CO↑3C+SiO2SiC+2CO↑C+2H2SO4(浓)CO2↑+2SO2↑+2H2OC+4HNO3(浓)CO2↑+4NO2↑+2H2OCO2CO+O22CO2CO+CuOCu+CO23CO+Fe2O32Fe+3CO2CO+H2OCO2+H2CO2CO2+2Mg2MgO+CCO2+H2O＝H2CO3CO2+2NaOH(过量)＝Na2CO3+H2OCO2(过量)+NaOH＝NaHCO3CO2+Ca(OH)2(过量)＝CaCO3↓+H2O2CO2(过量)+Ca(OH)2＝Ca(HCO3)2CO2+2NaAlO2+3H2O＝2Al(OH)3↓+Na2CO3CO2+C6H5ONa+H2O＝C6H5OH+NaHCO3CO2+Na2O＝Na2CO32CO2+2Na2O2＝2Na2CO3+O2CO2+NH3+NaCl+H2O＝NaHCO3↓+NH4Cl(侯氏制碱法)CaCaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2CaO+SiO2CaSiO32Ca(OH)2+2Cl2＝CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2OCa(OH)2+SO3＝CaSO4+H2OCaCO3+2HNO3＝Ca(NO3)2+H2O+CO2↑(用HNO3和浓H2SO4不能制备H2S、HI、HBr、(SO2)等还原性气体)CaCO3+SiO2CaSiO3+CO2↑CaF2+H2SO4(浓)＝CaSO4+2HF↑Ca3(PO4)2+3H2SO4(浓)＝3CaSO4+2H3PO4Ca3(PO4)2+2H2SO4(浓)＝2CaSO4+Ca(H2PO4)2Ca3(PO4)2+4H3PO4＝3Ca(H2PO4)2(重钙)CaH2+2H2O＝Ca(OH)2+2H2↑ClCl2+H2＝2HCl(光照或点燃)Cl2+2Na2NaCl3Cl2+2P2PCl3Cl2+PCl3PCl53Cl2+2Fe2FeCl3Cl2+CuCuCl2Cl2+2FeCl2＝2FeCl32Cl2+2NaBr＝2NaCl+Br2Cl2+2KI＝2KCl+I2*5Cl2+I2+6H2O＝2HIO3+10HClCl2+Na2S＝2NaCl+S↓Cl2+H2S＝2HCl+S↓Cl2+SO2+2H2O＝H2SO4+2HClCl2+H2SO3+H2O＝H2SO4+2HClCl2+H2O＝HCl+HClOCl2+H2O2＝2HCl+O2Cl2+2NaOH＝NaCl+NaClO+H2O2Cl2+2Ca(OH)2＝CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2O3Cl2+6KOH(热、浓)＝5KCl+KClO3+3H2OCu2Cu+O22CuO2Cu+SCu2SCu+Cl2CuCl23CuO+2NH33Cu+N2+3H2OCuO+2HCl＝CuCl2+H2OCuO+H2SO4＝CuSO4+H2OCu(OH)2+2HCl＝CuCl2+2H2OCu(OH)2+H2SO4＝CuSO4+2H2OCu(OH)2CuO+H2OCuCl2+H2S＝CuS↓+2HClCuCl2+2NaOH＝Cu(OH)2↓+2NaClCuSO4+H2S＝CuS↓+H2SO4CuSO4+2NaOH＝Cu(OH)2↓+Na2SO4CuSO4+Ba(OH)2＝Cu(OH)2↓+BaSO4↓FF2F2+H2=2HF2F2+2H2O=4HF+O2FeFe2Fe+3Cl22FeCl33Fe+2O2Fe3O4Fe+SFeS2Fe+3Br2＝2FeBr3Fe+I2FeI2Fe+SFeS3Fe+4H2O(g)Fe3O4+4H2Fe+2HCl＝FeCl2+H2↑Fe+CuCl2＝FeCl2+CuFe+SnCl4＝FeCl2+SnCl2Fe+H2S＝FeS+H2↑2Fe+6H2SO4(浓)＝Fe2(SO4)3+3SO2↑+6H2OFe+H2SO4(稀)＝FeSO4+H2↑Fe+6HNO3＝Fe(NO3)3+3NO2↑+3H2OFe+4HNO3＝Fe(NO3)3+NO↑+2H2O8Fe+30HNO3＝8Fe(NO3)3+3N2O↑+15H2O10Fe+36HNO3＝10Fe(NO3)3+3N2↑+18H2O8Fe+30HNO3＝8Fe(NO3)3+3NH4NO3+9H2OFe(Al)+H2SO4(浓)室温下钝化Fe+(CH3COO)2Cu＝Cu+(CH3COO)2FeFeO3FeO+2AlAl2O3+3Fe6FeO+O22Fe3O4FeO+4HNO3＝Fe(NO3)3+NO2↑+2H2OFe2O3Fe2O3+2AlAl2O3+2FeFe2O3+3CO2Fe+3CO2Fe2O3+3H2＝2Fe+3H2O(制还原铁粉)Fe2O3+6HCl＝2FeCl3+3H2OFe3O4Fe3O4+4H23Fe+4H2OFe3O4+8HCl(浓)FeCl2+2FeCl3+4H2OFe(OH)2、Fe(OH)34Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O==4Fe(OH)32Fe(OH)3Fe2O3+3H2OFeCl22FeCl2+Cl2＝2FeCl3FeCl2+Mg＝Fe+MgCl2FeCl32FeCl3+Fe＝3FeCl22FeCl3+Cu＝2FeCl2+CuCl2(用于雕刻铜线路版)2FeCl3+H2SO3+H2O＝H2SO4+2FeCl2+2HCl2FeCl3+Zn＝2FeCl2+ZnCl22FeCl3+H2S＝2FeCl2+2HCl+S↓2FeCl3+2KI＝2FeCl2+2KCl+I2FeCl3+3NH3•H2O＝Fe(OH)3↓+3NH4Cl2FeCl3+3Na2CO3+3H2O＝2Fe(OH)3↓+3CO2↑+6NaClFeCl3+3NaHCO3＝Fe(OH)3↓+3CO2↑2FeCl3+SO2+2H2O＝2FeCl2+H2SO4+2HClBaCl2+H2SO4＝BaSO4↓+2HClFeCl3+3KSCN==Fe(SCN)3+3KClFeSFeS+2HCl==FeCl2+H2S↑FeS+H2SO4==FeSO4+H2S↑4FeS2+11O2==2Fe2O2+8SO2其它Fe化合物Fe2(SO4)3+2Ag＝FeSO4+Ag2SO4(较难反应)Fe(NO3)3+Ag不反应HH2H2+F2＝2HF(冷暗处爆炸)H2+Cl2＝2HCl(光照或点燃)3H2+N22NH3H2+SH2S6H2+P44PH32H2+SiCl4Si(纯)+4HClH2+2Na＝2NaH3H2+Fe2O3＝2Fe+3H2O(制还原铁粉)4H2+Fe3O43Fe+4H2O2H2+SiO2Si+2H2OHg3Hg+8HNO3(稀)=3Hg(NO3)2+2NO2↑+4H2OHg+4HNO3(浓)=Hg(NO3)2+2NO2↑+2H2OHF4HF+SiO2＝SiF4+2H2OHCl6HCl+2Al＝2AlCl3+3H2↑2HCl+Fe＝FeCl2+H2↑4HCl(浓)+MnO2MnCl2+Cl2+2H2O4HCl(g)+O22Cl2+2H2O16HCl+2KMnO4＝2KCl+2MnCl2+5Cl2+8H2O14HCl+K2Cr2O7＝2KCl+2CrCl3+3Cl2+7H2OHCl+NH3＝NH4Cl(白烟)2HCl+FeO＝FeCl2+3H2O6HCl+Fe2O3＝2FeCl3+3H2O8HCl(浓)+Fe3O4FeCl2+2FeCl3+4H2OHCl+Na3PO4＝Na2HPO4+NaClHCl+Na2HPO4＝NaH2PO4+NaClHCl+NaH2PO4＝H3PO4+NaClHCl+Na2CO3＝NaHCO3+NaClHCl+NaHCO3＝NaCl+H2O+CO2HBrHBr+NaOH=NaBr+H2O2HBr+Cl2=2HCl+Br2HI2HIH2+I22HI+Cl2=2HCl+I2HI+NaOH=NaI+H2OH2O2F2+2H2O＝4HF+O2Cl2+H2O＝HCl+HClO2Na+2H2O＝2NaOH+H2↑Mg+2H2O＝Mg(OH)2+H2↑3Fe+4H2O(g)Fe3O4+4H22H2O2H2↑+O2SO2+H2O＝H2SO3SO3+H2O＝H2