名词性从句

句子种类简单句（5个）复合句（主句+引导词+从句）并列句（简单句+并列连词+简单句）定从，状从，名从1:BothTomandHenryareChineseboys.2:Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.3:Whatwecandoishelpingthem.4:Ifmywishthatthedancerscangrowtallercomestrueoneday,theywillnothavetostandontheirtoesallthetime.Whatkindofsentencesarethey?简单句复合句复合句并列句NounClauses(名词性从句)SubjectClause(主语从句)AppositiveClause（同位语从句）ObjectClause（宾语从句）PredicativeClause（表语从句）Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.主语是句子宾语是句子表语是句子名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。同位语是句子ConjunctionsofNounClauses(引导名词性从句的关联词):从属连词(不作成分）疑问（连接）代词（作主、宾、表、定的成分）疑问（连接）副词（作状语成分）what(事情),who(谁),whom(谁),whose(谁的),which(哪.),wh+ever(无论任何...)that,whether/if（是否）,asif/asthoughwhen(何时),where(何地),how(如何),why(为什么)1.主语从句主语从句就是从句在主句中作主语的名词性从句。1)Thatshelefthimhurtshimsomuch.2)Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay.3)Whatweneedismorepractice.4)Whenwewillbeginthemeetingisunderdiscussion.*that—只起引导作用，不充当成分，但不能省略。*whether是否，表不确定的事情(不能用If）*what在从句中作主语*When在从句中作状语*______________________________(他是否要来)isnotyetknown.*_____________________________(他想告诉我们什么)isnotclear.*___________________________(谁会赢得这场比赛)isstillunknown.*_______________________________(你错过了这次机会)isapity.=Itis___________________________________.Exercise1:WhetherhewillcomeornotWhathewantstotellusWhowillwinthematchThatyoumissedthechanceapitythatyoumissedthechance注意:由that引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。例如:1.Thathewillrefusethispieceofadviceisimpossible.______________________________________________________________________________2.Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural._____________________________________*it为形式主语Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.Itisimpossiblethathewillrefusethispieceofadvice.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1)Itis+n.+从句Itisapity/shamethat...遗憾的是……Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是…Itisafactthat……是事实Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常识*_______________(很遗憾)welostthematch.*______________(这是事实)hecheatedintheexam.ItisapitythatItisafactthat2)Itis+adj.+从句It’scertainthat…肯定…Itispossiblethat...很可能……Itisunlikelythat...不可能……Itisobviousthat…很明显…Itisnecessary\important\natural\...that…*_________________(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_________________(很明显)thismeasureiseffective.+(should)+do…ItispossiblethatItisobviousthat3)It+不及物动词+从句Ithappenedthat...碰巧……Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…*________________(刚好)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.*____________________(我突然想起)Iforgettosenttheletter.IthappenedthatItoccurredtomethat4)It+be+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat...据说……Itisknowntoallthat...众所周知……Itisreportedthat...据报道……Itisbelievedthat...据信……;人们相信……Itissuggestedthat+(should）do...建议……Itmustbeadmittedthat…必须承认……Itcannotbedeniedthat…不可否认……Itmustbepointedoutthat…需指出的是……*___________________(据报道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*______________________(建议)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.ItisreportedthatItissuggestedthat宾语从句•Wecanlearnwhatwedonotknow.•HewilltalktousaboutwhathesawintheU.S.A.•Idon’tknowwherewewillholdthemeeting.(语序)1.Idecided（that）Iwouldgototheparty.2.Idon’tknowif/whetherhewillcomebacktomorrow.3.Iwanttoknowhowithappened.4.Hewaslisteningtowhattheteachersaid.宾语从句就是从句在主句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。2.宾语从句1._______________(我听说)hejoinedthearmy.2.___________________(我怀疑)hewillsucceed.3.Payattentionto_____________________(医生说些什么).4.Doyouknow__________________(他什么时候会来)?5.Didshesay___________________________(我们应该怎么做这个工作)?Exercise2:Iheard(that)Idoubtwhether/ifwhatthedoctorsaidwhenhewillcomehowweshoulddotheworkFillintheblankswithsuitableconjunctions.1.---Canyoutellme_____themanis?---Heismybrother.2.Ididn'tknow_____hewascominguntilyesterday.3.Thedoctorasks____medicineyouhavetaken.4.Thisis_____theysolvedtheproblemsinthecity.whowhenwhathow5.Whatfrightenedusmostwas_____twolightssuddenlyappearedoutofthedarkness.6.Mymotherasked____thematterwaswithme.7.ThereasonIdidn'tcometothemeetingwas____Igotill.whatthatthat1.WethoughtitstrangethatXiaoWangdidnotcomeyesterday.2.Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.注意：it常可以放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作为形式宾语,真正的宾语-that从句则放在句尾.*________________________(我们觉得很奇怪)shedidn’tgotoschooltoday.WethinkitstrangethatTranslatethesesentencesintoEnglishusingnounclauses.1.这是我们所想要的东西。Thisiswhatwewant.2.我认为你是对的。Ithinkyouareright.3.我想知道他是否能帮助我。I’dliketoknowwhetherhecanhelpmeornot.4.天气不是昨天那样了。Theweatherisnotwhatitwasyesterday.5.问题是我们怎么能完成任务。Theproblemishowwecanfinishthetask.表语从句在句子中作表语，在系动词之后•Thequestioniswhetherwecancompletethedifficulttask.•Thefactisthatwewillhavetwodaysoff.常见的系动词分为三种：A．表示特征和状态：be,look,sound,taste,smell,seem,appear等B．表示由一类状态转为另一类状态：get,become,grow,turn,fall,go,come,run等C．表示某种状态的：remain,keep,prove,rest,continue,stay等3.表语从句表语从句就是从句在主句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后1.Thetroubleis(that)Ihavelosthisaddress.2.Thequestioniswhethertheywillbeabletohelpus.3.Thatiswhathehasdone.4.Theproblemremainshowtogetsomefinancialsupport.表语从句：1.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewas_____hemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.2.Thequestionis_______________________________(我们是否能做好准备）insuchashorttime.3.WhatIwanttoknowis_______________________