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英语的时态一、一般现在时一般现在时非单三人称：动词原形或单三人称：动词ess一直以来的习惯动作；目前状态；规律动词第三人称单数的变化规则1、直接在动词后+slike-likesplay-plays2、以s,x,sh,ch,接尾的动词：+eswash-washes3、以辅音+o接尾的动词：+esgo-goes4、以辅音+y接尾的动词：变y为i+esfly-flies一、一般现在时的用法1)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语everyday,often,always,onceaweek,seldom,usually等连用。Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.Hecyclestoworkeveryday.2)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.Waterboilsat100centigradedegrees.3)表示格言或警句中。Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败是成功之母。4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。Idon'twantsomuch.AnnWangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.•写出下列动词在句中的适当形式：1）We___________(love)sports.2）She___________(sing)well.3）TomandJohn___________(watch)TVeveryevening.4）Myson___________(go)toschoolbybike.5）Theirteacherusually___________(walk)toschool.6）Fiveplustwo___________(make)seven.7）Theyall___________(like)him.8）Thesun___________(fall)inthewest.lovesingswatchgoeswalksmakeslikefalls二、一般过去时一般过去时——过去动作、过去习惯、过去状态动词过去式的变化（规则动词）一般在词尾加edask→asked;help→helpede.g.Theyaskedmethetimejustnow.以e结尾直接加darrive→arrivede.g.Iarrivedlatethismorning.动词过去式的变化（规则动词）以重读闭音节结尾的，则双写plan→plannede.g.Weplannedtogototheparty.以辅音字母y结尾，去y变i加ed。如try→tried;study→studiede.g.Hetriedtoclimbthetree,buthecouldnot.动词过去式的变化（不规则动词）例：go→wentdrink→drankeat→atesee→saw不规则动词表goam/isarebeginmeetwritebuildbuycanhave/hastakecatchcomedoswimdrinkdriveeatgetseewaswerebeganmetwrotebuiltboughtcouldcaughtcamedidswamdrankdroveategotwenthadtookspendspentleaveleftsaw二、一般过去时的用法1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982等。IsawTominthestreetyesterday.IboughtthisTVsetinBeijinglastyear.2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.Healwayswenttoworkbybus.一、单项选择：()1．Myfather_______ill(生病的)yesterday．A．isn‘tB．aren’tC．wasn‘tD．weren’t()2．_______yourparentsathomelastweek﹖A．IsB．WasC．AreD．Were()3.Thetwins(双胞胎)_____inDalianlastyear.They_____herenow．A．are;wereB．were;areC．was;areD．were;wasCDB()4.____yourfatheratworktheday_____yesterday﹖A．Was;beforeB．Is;beforeC．Was;afterD．Is;after()5．—Whowasonduty(值日)lastFriday﹖—_______．A．IamB．IwasC．Yes,IwasD．No,Iwasn'tAB三、一般将来时一般将来时willdo将要发生、意志决心、临时决定、总是发生am/is/aregoingtodo事前做出的安排或打算；迹象表明要发生三、一般将来时1)shall用于第一人称，常被will所代替。will在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst？Willyoubeathomeatseventhisevening?2)begoingto+不定式，表示将来。a.主语的意图，即将做某事或打算做某事。Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?b.计划，安排要发生的事。Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth.c.有迹象要发生的事Lookatthedarkclouds;thereisgoingtobeastorm.3)be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.4)beaboutto+不定式，意为马上做某事。HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.注意：beaboutto不能与tomorrow,nextweek等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。☆begoingto/will的用法之比较：用于条件句时，begoingto表将来，will表意愿。例如：Ifyouaregoingtomakeajourney,you'dbettergetreadyforitassoonaspossible.Nowifyouwilltakeoffyourclothes,wewillfitthenewclothesonyouinfrontofthemirror.☆beto和begoingto的用法之比较：beto表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。而begoingto则表示主观的打算或计划。例如：Iamtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.(客观安排)I'mgoingtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.(主观安排)练一练：A、根据中文，完成句子，每空一词。1）我打算明天和我的朋友去旅行。Igoonatripwithmyfriendstomorrow.或者：Igoonatripwithmyfriendstomorrow.2）下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。---WhatnextMonday?---Iplaybasketball.或者：---WhatyoudonextMonday?---Iplaybasketball.3）你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。---yourmothergoshoppingthis?---Yes,she.Shebuysomefruit.PracticeamgoingtowillareyougoingtodoamgoingtowillwillIsgoingtoweekendIsisgoingto时间现在过去那时所预见的情况四、一般过去将来时一、基本概念：过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它是一个相对的时态，即立足于过去某时，从过去的某一时间看即将发生的事情就要用这一时态。1)Hesaidhismotherwouldbuyabikeforhim2)Mybrothertoldmehewouldn’tbelieveJackanymore.3)Woulditbeallrightifheknewhisillness?二、基本形式：would／should＋动词原形（其中would用于各种人称，should常用于第一人称）。例如：Theyweresuretheywouldwinthefinalvictory．他们坚信会赢得最后胜利。Hedidn'texpectthatweshould（would）allbethere．他没想到我们都在那里。上述两个例句中的宾语从句谓语wouldwin和should（would）be分别与其主句谓语weresure和didn'texpect相对应。三、过去将来时的一些其它表达形式：1．was／were＋goingto＋动词原形Hesaidhewasgoingtotry．他说他准备试试。2．was／were＋to＋动词原形TheysaidtherailwaywastobeopenedtotrafficonMayDay．他们说这条铁路将在五一节通车。3．was／wereabout＋动词原形Wewereabouttogooutwhenitbegantorain．我们正要出去天（突然）下起雨来。4．过去进行时（一般多为动作概念较强的动词，如go，come，leave，start，open，begin等）也可用于表示将来。Ididn'tknowwhentheywerecomingagain．我不知道他们什么时候再来。1.Jennysaidshe_____herholidayinChina.A.spentB.wouldspentC.wasgoingtospentD.wouldspend2.—Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?—Hetoldmethathe______theDisneyWorldthenextday.A.willvisitB.hasvisitedC.isgoingtovisitD.wouldvisit3.Fathersaidthathe______metoBeijingthenextyear.A.tookB.wouldtakeC.takesD.willtake4.Wewerenotsurewhetherthey______morevegetables.A.aregoingtogrowB.weregoingtogrowC.willgrowD.havegrownDDBB5.She______toworkwhenthetelephonerang.A.isgoingB.willgoC.wasabouttogoD.istogo1.MissZhangsaidshe________(visit)theGreatWallnextsummer.2.Shetoldhimthatshe________(notstay)hereforlong.3.Iwasn’tsurewhetherLucy_______(come)thenextyear.4.Shesaidthebus_______(leave)atfivethenextmorning.5.Hewasfifty-six.Intwoyearshe_______(be)fifty-eight.wouldvisitedwouldnotstayedwouldcomewouldleftwouldbeC五、现在进行时现在进行时——am/is/aredoing（V-ing现在分词)目前或现阶段正在发生、一直或断续发生、将要发生25readlistendrinkhavemakew