英语写作课PPT-第三课-sentences

PartThreeTheSentence(1)Inthispartyouwilllearn:1.SentenceTypes2.CommonErrors3.BetteryoursentencesI.SentencesTypes1.Loosesentence&Periodicsentence(1)LooseSentence&PeriodicSentenceA.YoucannotmakegreatprogressinEnglishwithoutgoodstudyhabits.B.Withoutgoodstudyhabits,youcannotmakegreatprogressinEnglish.Aloosesentence(松散句)isonethatmaybebroughttoagrammaticalclosebeforetheendisreached.Aperiodicsentence(圆周句)isonethatisnotgrammaticallycompleteuntiltheendisreached.(loosesentence)(periodicsentence)Loosesentence&periodicsentenceHewassittingbeforethefireinalargearmchairwhenweentered.LoosesentenceHavingpassedthehouseeverydayfortwoyears,andknowingthatthemanwasacripple,Icouldnotbelievewhatthenext-doorneighbortoldme.periodicsentenceShewasofferedaprofessionalcontractafterwinningtheOlympicgoldmedalaccordingtothenewspaperreports.Loosesentence(3)FunctionofLoosesentence:Therewasawomanwhowasbeautiful,whostartedwithalltheadvantages,yetshehadnoluck.Shemarriedforlove,antheloveturnedtodust.Therewereaboyandtwolittlegirls.Theylivedinapleasanthouse,withagarden,andtheyhaddiscreetservants.natural,easytounderstand,smooth,relaxed(4)FunctionofPeriodicsentenceThoughJimThorpehadbroughtgreatglorytohisnation,thoughthousandsofpeoplecheeredhimuponhisreturntotheUnitedStatesandattendedbanquetsandaNewYorkparadeinhishonor,hewasnotacitizen.期待（anticipation），悬念（suspense(5)CombinationofPeriodicsentenceandloosesentenceIntheevening,Isuspectedthattheremustbesomeonehidingsomewhere.Isearchedeverycornercarefully,butfoundnobody.SoIclosedthedoorandmovedthetableagainstthedoorinordertopreventanymisfortune.DeepthatnightwhenIlayinbed,astrangesound,asifsomeoneweretryingtobreakin,whichmademyhairstandonend,washeard.Ihadacoldsweatallover.HowIregrettedthatIhadcomebackalone!InordertobanishthefearIhidmyselfdeepinmyquilt.Thefearthatthebadmanmightdiscoverthatayounggirlwasintheroomalonepreventedmefrombreathingfreely…2.TheShortandLongSentences(1)UsingshortsentencesShortsentencescanoftenbeverypowerful,emphaticandsuitableforthepresentationofimportantfactsandideas.e.g.A.Niceguysfinishlast./Loveconquersall./Warishell.B.Ourcityisonthethresholdofagreatera.Ofthiswecanbesure.Butinordertofulfillthepromiseofthefuture,wemustbewillingtowork—andtospend.Thougheasytoread,toomanyshortsentencesexhaustthereader.Theysoundschildish.PeterandCarlwalktoschool.Bonniefollowsthem.BonnieisPeter’sdog.Sheisanicedog.ShewalksatPeter’sheels.Sheturnsbackatthebutcher’sshop.NowBonniewilltrytofindherfriends.Shemaygohome.PeterandCarlwalktoschool,andBonniefollowsthem.BonnieisPeter’sdog,andsheisanicedog.ShewalksatPeter’sheels,butsheturnsbackatthebutcher’sshop.NowBonniewilltrytofindherfriends,orshemaygohome.AsPeterandCarlwalktoschool,Peter’snicedog,Bonnie,followsthem,walkingatPeter’sheelsuntilsheturnsbackwhentheyreachthebutcher’sshop.Now,ifshedoesn’tfindherfriends,shewillgohome.(2)Usinglongsentences:presentingasetofcomplex,interlockingideas.4.SentenceExpansionForthesakeofwritinggoodEnglish,ashortandsimplesentencesometimescanbeexpandedbyaddingtoit(1)amodifier;(2)aparenthesis插入语;(3)anapposition同位语；(4)acompound/compoundsentence,thusmakingitacomplexone；(1)Asentencecanbeexpandedbyaddingtoitamodifier.e.g.Chengduisabeautifulcity.—Chengduisabeautifulcitywithmanyinterestingplacesofhistoricalsignificance.(2)Asentencecanbeexpandedbyaddingtoitaparenthesis.e.g.Chengduisabeautifulcity.——Chengdu，asyouknow,isabeautifulcitywithmanyinterestingplacesofhistoricalsignificance.(3)Asentencecanbeexpandedbyaddingtoitanapposition.e.g.Chengduisabeautifulcity.——Asyouknow,Chengdu,thecapitalofSichuanprovincesituatedinthecenterof“theLandofAbundance”,isabeautifulcitywithmanyinterestingplacesofhistoricalsignificance.(4)Asentencecanbeexpandedbyaddingtoitacompoundsentence,thusmakingitacomplexone.Chengduisabeautifulcity.——Asyouknow,Chengdu，thecapitalofSichuanprovincesituatedinthecenterof“theLandofAbundance”,isabeautifulcitywithmanyinterestingplacesofhistoricalsignificance,soI’dliketoshowyousomeofthetouristattractionssuchasTheThatchedCottageofDuFu,TheWuHouMemorialTempleandTheDujiangyanWaterDam.Chengduisabeautifulcity.——Asyouknow,Chengdu,thecapitalofSichuanprovincesituatedinthecenterof“theLandofAbundance”,isabeautifulcitywithmanyinterestingplacesofhistoricalsignificance,soI’dliketoshowyousomeofthetouristattractionssuchasTheThatchedCottageofDuFu(whowasafamouspoetinTangDynasty),TheWuHouMemorialTemple(whichwasbuiltincommemorationofLiuBeiandZhugeLiang)andTheDujiangyanDam(anancientwaterirrigationprojectconstructedontheMinjiangRiver).II.CommonErrorsMisuseofparallel例：Advertisingshouldbeinformative,persuasive,andofinterest.应改为：Advertisingshouldbeinformative,persuasive,andinteresting.FaultyparallelconstructionsFaultyParallelismWethoughtshewascharming,intelligent,andaverycapableyoungwoman.RevisedWethoughtshewascharming,intelligent,andverycapable.Wethoughtshewasacharming,intelligent,andverycapableyoungwoman.FaultyParallelismAmanisjudgednotonlybywhathesaysbutalsobyhisdeeds.RevisedAmanisjudgednotonlybywhathesaysbutalsobywhathedoes.FaultyParallelismWehavegre