低温容器应用进展及发展前景(一)

125Vacuum&Cryogenics5319999()(,730000)(1999-05-31)PROGRESSANDDEVELOPMENTPROSPECTOFCRYOGENICVESSELSAPPLICATIONBiLongsheng(LanzhouInstituteofPhysics,Lanzhou730000)Abstract:Thispaperdescribesthestatusquoofcryogenicvesselsapplicationinthefieldssuchasspace,aviation,machinery,electron,geologyandmine,metallurgy,construction,environmentprotection,traffic,agriculture,hygiene,food,energy,chemistry,scienceandtechnologyandsoon,andlooksforwardtothefuturedevelopmentprospect.Keywords:cryogenics,cryogenicvessels,application:,::T-03TB657.8:A:1006-7086(1999)03-0125-10,,,,,,,,(2/kg,1/kg),,,1,1[12]1.1V-2,1959,,V,,H-1H-2,,V1000m3280m3©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(3K)(10-10Pa10-14Pa),,,19636m15mBK600/3002100m322.15L10L,2.2,,30%40%,,,,,2.3[3],1972NASA-Langley,,1984,373kg/s9.1kg/cm2,1.21082.4,400,59,411,387m353780m3,,34%,2/3,11%,(Ma5),A-3102.5[4]20d,,1,400,19942183km,5m33,890kg19961215,1,12t,,19962000,2.6,810t()©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[56]3.10:;3;13;;,1963,2.530,,50%300%,19841996400mm3200mm3.2,,,,,3.3:,,,,;,3.4,1000600400,,,,,150K,,0.2L/min,1%2%3.5,,,,3.6(),,50%150%,,3.7(),,,3.8(),()(300L),,,1/33.9©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[79]4.1,,,5.5n6.5n4.24.3,90%,:,;,;,;198610m322m3,,160t400t,,,PLC99.9998%,4.44.5(77K4.2K),,()4.64.2K,,4.7(77K20K4.2K),,77K4.2K,4.8(77K),,4.9()©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(5.710-3T),25L5.320T,,,,,,1979500L210m315.41L643L,,,,6[10]6.1,,,,90,,,,:1)199312BOC©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(),6000m3/h3200m3/h1;2)199412,21200m3/h;3)1994926000m3/h215000m3/h135t/d,120t;4)BOC19962,5,BOC703t/d;5):2000t2000t600t,4m311m320226000m3/h230000m3/h,300t;6)19973,5,6000m3/h410000m3/h1,11m33,4m331;7)19982BOC10000m3/h;8)5(72000m3/h),,199834,212t,12t200t10m3520m3216.21,260kg6.3[8]19791NbMoZr10kW,6.4,(),,6.5,,,,6.6(),,,,6.7,,,,,6.877.1(),©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(),50t7.4,357050,7.5,NO27.67.7,,,7.8,30m,30,1.5m,-30,,,3d120t7.9,,,,,7.10,,,1t/h6Wh/kg,24Wh/kg88.1[11]1966,©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[12],,,,,1450L19855t,175L199320m3600L800L8.7,,8.8,,(),8.9[13]100,,,1995251994,,8.101982,,()()©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[1]..:,1991[2],..,1995,(4):231[3]..,1996,(1):19[4]..,1998,(3):50[5],,..:,1987[6]..,1997(3):46[7].RA..:,1985[8]..:,1983[9]..,1998,(4):1[10]..,1998,(1):28[11]..,1995,(4):1[12]..,1994,(1):47[13],,..,1997,(1):2:,,194411,40©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.