一般现在时

一般现在时一、一般现在时的定义:一般现在时是表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。二、一般现在时的构成：一般现在时用行为动词的原形，但第三人称单数作主语时，动词的词尾要加-S。（一般的动词词尾+S。以sh/ch/s/x结尾的词+es.以辅音字母Y结尾的把Y变成i，+es。辅音字母+o结尾的+es.)三、一般现在时的结构：肯定句：1.主语+BE(am/is/are)+形容词/名词/介词……（句中没动词）2.I/You/We/They+动词原形+……3.She/He/It+动词-s/es形式+……否定句：1.主语+BE(am/is/are)+not+形容词/名词/介词……（句中没动词）2.I/You/We/They+don't+动词原形+……3.She/He/It+doesn't+动词原形+……一般疑问句：1.BE(am/is/are)+形容词/名词/介词……（句中没动词）+？2.Do+we/you/they+动词原形+……+？3.Does+she/he/it+动词原形+……+？特殊疑问句：1.特殊疑问词+BE(am/is/are)+形容词名词介词……（句中没动词）+？2.特殊疑问词+do+we/they/you+动词原形+……+？3.特殊疑问词+does+she/he/it+动词原形+……+？常见的特殊疑问词有：where/when/which/who/whose/what/how/howmany/howoften/howlong/howsoon……四、一般现在时的用法：1)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与频度副词或与表示频度的时间状语连用。（注：频度副词常位于主动词之前，如果主动词是BE则常位于其后，也可为了强调而位于其前。）常见的频度副词和时间状语有：always,usually,regularly,often,sometimes,occasionally,rarely,ever,never,frequently,seldom,hardlyever=(almostnever),fromtimetotime,everymorning/afternoon/night/evening/day/week/year,twiceaweek,onceamonth/week,inthemorning/afternoon/evening.......如：Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.MymotherusuallywatchesTVatnight.Lilyalwaysgoestoschoolbybus.Tomoftengoestohisofficebyunderground.Fatherdoesn'tsmoke.Werarelygohikingwhenitrains.Hehardlyevermakesamistakewhenhewrites.Sheissometimesalittleangrywithhim.Thestudentsarealwaysontimeforclass.2)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球围着太阳转。ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.上海位于中国的东部。LondonstandsontheRiverThames.伦敦位于泰晤士河旁边。3)表示格言或警句中。Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄兵必败。☆注意：第二、第三种用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。（初中才接触到此用法）如：Columbusprovedthattheearthisround.哥伦布证明了地球是圆的。4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。如：Idon'twantsomuch.（状态）AnnWangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.（能力）5)以here,there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。如：Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.车来了。Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.铃响了。6)在下列情况下表示将来：A.在状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如：IwillgiveittohimassoonasIseehim.我一看见他就交给他。Hewillcomeifyouinvitehim.如果你请他,他会来的。Supposehedoesn’tagree，whatshallwedo?假如他不同意，那怎么办?Hewillcontinuetheworknomatterwhathappens.不管发生什么情况他都要继续这项工作。Willyougoandhelptogetinthecropswhentheharvesttimecomes?当农忙季节到来时，你会来帮忙收割庄稼吗？Ifitisfinetomorrow,wewillgotothecountryside.如果明天天气好的话，我们将会到乡村去。B.在themore…themore…(越……越……)句型中,前者通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，因为前者相当于条件状语从句。如：Theharderyoustudy,thebetterresultsyouwillget.你学习越努力，成绩就会越好。C.在makesure(certain),see（toit）,mind,care,matter后的宾语从句的谓语动词用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如：Seetoitthatyouarenotlateagain.注意别再迟到了(from)。I'llsee(toit)/makesure/makecertain(that)youdon'tgetlost.D.表示按计划或时间表将要发生的动作，通常有表示将来的时间状语。如：Theplanetakesoffat11:30andarrivesinShanghaiatl:20.飞机十一点半起飞，一点二十分抵达上海。(注：只限于少数动词能这样用，如:begin,start,takeoff,end,finish,stop,go,come,leave,sail,arrive,return,close,open等。)E.在Ihope,Ibet等后面的that-分句中可用一般现在时表示将来时间。如：Ihopeyouhaveagoodtime.Ihopeshelikestheflowers.Ibetitrainstomorrow.7）表示过去时间：能用一般现在时表示过去时间的动词有tell,say,hear,learn,gather等。如：Alicetellsmeyou'reenteringcollegenextyear.IhearpooroldMrsSmithhaslostherson.五、一般现在时中谓语动词的变化规则：1）当主语是第一、二人称，或者第三人称复数时，谓语动词用原形：如：Ilikeplayingchess.Youlookbeautifultoday.Theygotoschoolbybuseveryday.2）当主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it/单数)时，谓语动词变化规则如下：A.直接加-s。如：come---comes,begin---begins,play---plays,work---works.B.以字母s、x、o、sh、ch结尾的动词加-es。如：guess-guesses,fix---fixes,watch---watches,wash--washes,do---does,go---goes.C.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-es。如：fly---flies,study---studies,try---tries.D.be动词在一般现在时中有三种形式：(I)am;(he/she/it/单数)is;(we/you/they/复数)are.E.动词have的第三人称单数为has。一般现在时的练习一、用所给动词的适当形式填空：1.Weoften______(play)intheplayground.2.He_____(get)upatsixo’clock.3._____you______(brush)yourteetheverymorning.4.What(do)______heusually(do)______afterschool?5.Tom_____(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtanschool.6.Mikesometimes________(go)totheparkwithhissister.7.Ateightatnight,she__________(watch)TVwithhisparents.8.________Mike________(read)Englisheveryday?9.Howmanylessons_________yourclassmate________(have)onMonday?10.Whattime_________hismother_________(do)thehousework?11.IlikecollectingChinesestamps.Iusually(collect)stamps.12.We(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.13.Myparents(like)reading(read)sciencemagazines.14.Tomusually(watch)TVafterschool,helikes(like)(watch)TV.15.She(want)to(go)tothepark.16.Iusuallygo(swim)afterschool.二、按要求改句子：1.Doyouoftenplayfootballafterschool?(肯定回答)2.Ihavemanybooks.（改为否定句）3.GaoShan’ssisterlikesplayingtabletennis（改为否定句）4.ShelivesinasmalltownnearNewYork.（改为一般疑问句）5.IwatchTVeveryday.（改为一般疑问句）6.Davidhasgotagoal.（改为一般疑问句）7.Wehavefourlessons.（否定句）8.Nancydoesn’trunfast（肯定句）9.Mydogrunsfast.（改为一般疑问句）10.Mikehastwolettersforhim.（否定句）11.IusuallyplayfootballonFridayafternoon.（改为一般疑问句）12.SuYangusuallywashessomeclothesonSaturday.（否定句）13.Mingmingusuallywaterstheflowerseveryday.（一般疑问句）14.Tomdoeshishomeworkathome.(否定句)三、改写句子：(换人称，注意谓语动词的变化)1.IwanttoplaytabletenniswithGanShan.He2.IsurftheInternetonSaturdayevening.Myfather3.TheystudyEnglish,MathsScience,andArt.Tom4.Iusuallyplaybasketballwithmyfriends.WangBing5.Myauntlikesgrowingflowers.Myparents6.WhatdoyouusuallydoonSundays?WhatHelen?7.DoSuHaiandherfamilyhaveanyhobbies?SuHai’sfather?8Hegrowsbeautifulflowers.We.四、把下列句子改写成否定句：1.Ilikecollectinganimalstamps.2.Iusually