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时态一、定义：在英语中，发生在不同时间的动作要用不同的动词形式来表示，这每一种不同的形式就叫做时态。二、时态的种类：初中常见的9种时态现在范畴过去范畴一般现在时态一般过去时态现在进行时态过去进行时态现在完成时态过去完成时态一般将来时态过去将来时态现在完成进行时态Exercise1.Who___________(dance)bestinyourclass?2.Studentsusually__________(have)tenminutes’restbetweentwoclasses.danceshave概念：常用时间状语：构成形式：1.一般现在时态(TheSimplePresentTense)表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或状态。do/does(三单)everyday,always,usually,often,sometimes,onSundays,threetimesaday,etc我一到达那儿，就会给你写信。——————————————————————一般现在时的注意点:1、表客观事实或普遍真理Theearth_____(go)roundthesun.2、在when,assoonas,until,after,before等到引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来.Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,we’llgoonapicnic.goes如果明天不下雨，我们将去野营。———————————————————I’llwritetoyouassoonasIgetthere.Exercise1.I___________(find)myrulerinmydesk.found2.Weand__________(see)lotsofbirds___________(fly)overthetrees.flyingsawfiveminutesagolookedup概念：常用时间状语：构成形式：2.一般过去时态(TheSimplePastTense)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态V+edyesterday,justnow,last…,thismorning,…ago,etc一般过去时的注意点:1、当没有明显的时间状语时,描述几个相继发生过的动作Ialwaysgotuptoolate,washedmyface,hadaquickbreakfastandhurriedtoschool.2、since从句中常用一般过去时Youhaven’tchangedmuchsincewelast______(meet).metExercisewillbeTheradiosaysthatit__________(be)sunnytomorrow.概念：常用时间状语：构成形式：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态tomorrow,inthreedays，this…,next…,soon,etc.1.will+do/be2.am/is/aregoingto+do3.am/is/are+doing3.一般将来时态(TheSimpleFutureTense)Lookatthedarkclouds,it_________rain.Tomorrow_______beAprilFool’sDay.一般将来时的注意点:willisgoingto4.过去将来时态1.Myuncletoldmethatmyauntwasgoingtohaveachildthenextmonth.2.Myfriendstoldmethattheywouldhaveagreatpartyforme.过去将来时态用法：1.用于宾语从句中，当主句中是过去时态时，从句中的一般将来时就变成过去将来时。2.立足于过去言将来；(2008台州中考)---Hi,Mary.Whereisyourfather?---Look,He______hiscaroverthere.A.washesB.iswashingC.willwashD.hasbeenwashedExercise5.现在进行时态(ThePresentContinuousTense)概念：常用时间状语：表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作now,listen,look,rightnow,thesedays,atthismoment,etcam/is/are+doing构成形式：现在进行时的注意点:2.表达状态、感情和感觉的动词不能用进行时。如：中know,be,want,think,see,hear,like,hope,love,have1.在表达时，切记不要忘了be动词。am/is/aredoing(2008衢州中考)---Whydidn’tyoucomeandopenthedoorforme,dear?---Sorry,Jack.I______inthekitchenanddidn’thearyou.A.wascookingB.amcookingC.wavecookedD.willcookExercise概念：常用时间状语：构成形式：6.过去进行时态(ThePastContinuousTense)表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在发生的动作。was/were+doinga.atthistimeyesterday,fromseventoninelastnight,atthatmoment,etcb.When引导的时间状语从句IwasreadingabookwhenJimcalled.c.While引导的时间状语从句TheUFOtookoffwhilethemanwastakingphotos.过去进行时的注意点:在when,while引导的时间状语从句中,表示主从句中两个动作同时发生时,用过去进行时表示.1.Whenmyfathergothome,I_____alettertomyfriend.(2008宁波中考)A.writeB.amwritingC.wroteD.waswriting2.______Jimwasmakingapaperplane,hisbrotherwasdoinghomework.(对比）While较长的动作Exercise1.He______________(finish)writingthebook,hasn’the?hasfinished2.(2008绍兴中考)----Youseemtoknowmuchaboutthecity.----That’strue.I_____itthreetimes.A.visitedB.hadvisitedC.havevisitedD.willvisitA.概念：构成形式：7.现在完成时态(ThePresentPerfectTense)发生在过去且对现在仍有影响的动作,强调对现在的影响.have/has+done1.Canyougotothemovieswithmetonight?Sorry,Ican’t.Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.2.---Ihavelearnedhowtomakedumplingsbefore.Icanteachyouhowtomakethem.---Great!Whendidyoulearnit?---IlearneditwhenIwas8yearsold.常用时间状语：already,just,before,yet,never,ever,etc.B.1.表示某个动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，有可能在将来还要延续。2.主语+has/have+done+for/sinceIhavetaughtEnglishfor21years.Igraduatedfromtheuniversitysince1992Hehasbeenawayfromhishomefor40years.3.动词必须为可延续性动词leave=beawayfrombegin=beonarrive=beinborrow=keepbuy=have…C.1.Has/have+beento(曾经到过某地，人已回来)IhavebeentoHangzhoumanytimes.2.Has/have+goneto(去了某地，人在路上或在目的地）…WhereisMr.Green?…HehasgonetoLondon.现在完成时的注意点:1.havebeento,havebeenin和havegoneto的区别2.短暂性动词和持续性动词1).TomhaveneverbeentoAmerica2).----IsTinaathome?----Sorry,shehavegonetoShanxi,andshehavebeeninthereforthreedays.译下列句子：３、这本书他买了一年了4、这本书他借了三天了。5、我们离开广州六年了。Hehasboughtthisbookforayear.Hehashadthisbookforayear.Hehasborrowedthebookforthreedays.Hehaskeptthebookfor3days.WehaveleftGuangzhoufor6years.WehavebeenawayfromGuangzhoufor6years.×××短暂性动词不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用,必须转变成持续性动词D.常见句型Itis+一段时间+since从句(一般过去时).Itisthreedayssincetheyborrowedthatbook.ExercisehadhadShetoldmethatshe__________(have)thisbikeforthreeyears.概念：常用时间状语：构成形式：8.过去完成时:(ThePastPerfectTense)主语+haddonebytheendoflastyear,by,before+过去的时间点；由when,before,after,bythetime等引导的状语丛句中，表示主句的动作发生在从句之前。表示在过去某一时刻前已完成的动作。也称“过去的过去”过去完成时的注意点:用于宾词从句中，当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时,一定要注意宾语从句中的时态变化。Hesaidthathe_________thefilmmanytimes.hadseen9.现在完成进行时态S+has/havebeing+doneWehavebeinglearnedEnglishforanhour.Exercise1.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israining2.---Doyouwanttoseethefilm“HarryPotter”?---Thefilm“HarryPotterⅡ”?I_____it.It’sverywonderful.(2008黄岗中考)A.seeB.haveseenC.wasseeingD.hasseen3.Theboy______________(notswim)intheriveryet.hasn’tswum5.---WhereisLiuMei?---She___________(go)home.4.---Whereisyourfather?---He___________(watch)TVintheroom.7.Heaskedwhatthey___________(do)ateightlastnight.weredoing8.Iknowthathe_________(join)thearmyin1985.joined6.Wedon’tknowifit___________(rain)tomorrow.Ifit________(rain)tomorrow,we’llnotgoforapicnic.iswatchingwillrainrainshasgone9.He’snothungry.He_____just________(have)lunch.11.--