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英语国家文化概况试题I.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)1.GreatBritainincludes3constituentcountries:England,Scotland,andWales.(T)2..Independentschoolsgetmoneymainlythroughtheprivatesectorandtuitionrates,withsomegovernmentsupport.(T)3.BritainisnotamemberoftheNATOduetoitsdisagreementwithsomeEuropeancountriesindefensepolicy.(F)4.Britainhasawrittenconstitutionsofthesortwhichmostcountrieshave.(F)5.Conservativepartypreferspoliciesthatprotectindividual’srights.(T)6.NewEnglandwasestablishedbyEnglishpuritans.(T)7.TheUSConstitutionsetupafederalsystemwithastrongcentralgovernment.(T)8.TherearemoreCatholicsthanProtestantsintheUS.(F)9.HarvardCollegewasoriginallyfoundedtotraingovernmentofficials.(F)10.Americanshavetojoinapoliticalpartyinordertovoteortobeacandidateforpublicoffice.(F)II.Choosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestion:1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTconsideredacharacteristicofLondon?(d)a.Theculturalcentre.b.Thebusinesscentre.c.Thefinancialcentre.d.Thesportscentre.2.Whichofthefollowingkingswasexecutedinthecivilwar?(c)a.JamesI.b.JamesII.c.CharlesI.d.CharlesII.3.Bywhomisa“voteofnoconfidence”decided?(a)a.TheHouseofCommons.b.TheHouseofLords.c.Thetwomajorparties.d.ThePrimeMinister.4.IfastudentwantstogotouniversityinBritain,hewilltaketheexaminationcalled______(a)a.GeneralCertificateofEducation-Advanced.b.GeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation.c.thecommonentranceexamination.d.GeneralNationalVocationalQualifications.5.HowmanycountiesarethereinNorthernIreland?(b)a.26b.6c.32d.206.WhichofthefollowingstatementswascorrectaroundthetimeofAmericanRevolution?(a)a.TheAmericanhadthemixedbloodofEuropeansortheirdescendants.b.TheAmericanhadthemixedbloodofEuropeanswithAmericanIndians.c.TheAmericanhadthemixedbloodofEuropeanswithblacks.d.TheAmericanhadthebloodofEnglishandtheirdescendantsonly.7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTguaranteedintheBillofRights?(b)a.Thefreedomofreligion.b.Thefreedomofsearchingaperson’shomebypolicec.Thefreedomofspeechandofthepress.d.Therighttoownweaponsifonewishes8.ThefollowingweresomeofthecharacteristicsofProtestantismexcept_____?(c)a.ChallengingtheauthorityofthePope.b.Salvationthroughfaith.c.Salvationthroughthechurch.d.EstablishingadirectcontactwithGod.9.ThefollowingwerethefoundingfathersoftheAmericaexcept_____.(c)a.GeorgeWashingtonb.ThomasJefferson.c.WilliamPann.d.BenjaminFranklin.10.TheexpenditureonAmericanpublicschoolsisguidedordecidedby_____.(d)a.Teachersb.Studentsc.Headmastersd.BoardsofeducationIII.Tellwhatyouknowaboutthefollowinginyourownwords?1.TheHouseofCommonsAnswer:theHouseofCommonsistherealcenterofBritishpoliticallifebecauseitistheplacewhereabout650electedrepresentatives(MembersofParliament)makeanddebatepolicy.TheseMPsareelectedintheGeneralElectionsandshouldrepresenttheinterestsofthepeoplewhovoteforthem.2.TheimportanceofgeneralelectionsAnswer:Generalelectionsareveryimportantinwesterndemocracy.Theyprovideopportunitiesforpeopletoinfluencefuturegovernmentpoliciesandtoreplacethoseincompetentpoliticalleaders.3.ClasssysteminBritishsocietyAnswer:TheclasssystemdoesexistinBritishsociety.MostoftheBritishpopulationwouldclaimthemselvestobeeitherofmiddle-classorworking-class,thoughsomepeoplewouldactuallybelongtotheuppermiddle-classorlowermiddle-class.classdivisionsarenotsimplyeconomic,theyareculturalaswell.OneofthedistinctivefeaturesabouttheBritishclasssystemisthataristocratictitlescanstillbeinherited.4.IndependentschoolsoftheUKAnswer:Independentschoolsarecommonlycalledpublicschoolswhichareactuallyprivateschoolsthatreceivetheirfundingthroughtheprivatesectorandtuitionrates,withsomegovernmentassistance.IndependentschoolsarethepartofnationaleducationsystemintheUK.5.TheCommonwealthAnswer:TheCommonwealthisavoluntaryassociationofstateswhichismadeupmostlyofformerBritishcolonies.ManyofthemaredevelopingcountrieslikeIndia;othersaredevelopednationslikeAustralia,CanadaandNewZealand.TheCommonwealthwassetupasaforumforcontinuedcooperationandasasortofsupportnetwork.6.TheDeclarationofIndependenceAnswer:TheDeclarationofIndependencewasmainlydraftedbyThomasJeffersonandadoptedbytheCongressonJuly4,1776,whenthepeopleof13EnglishcoloniesinNorthAmericawerefightingfortheirfreedomandindependencefromtheBritishcolonialrule.Thedocumentdeclaredthatallmenwereequalandthattheywereentitledtohavesomeunalienablerightssuchaslife,libertyandthepursuitofhappiness.7.TheBillofRightsoftheUSAnswer:TheBillofRightsconsistsofthefirst10amendmentswhichwereaddedtotheConstitutionin1791.TheBillofRightswaspassedtoguaranteefreedomandindividualrightssuchasfreedomofspeech,therighttoassembleinpublicplaces,therighttoownweaponsandsoon.8.ThreeFaithsintheUSAnswer:Americanswereconsideredtocomeinthreebasicvarieties:Protestant,CatholicandJewish.Intermsofnumbers,theProtestantsarethestrongest,theCatholicsarenexttheProtestantsandJewisharethesmallestamongthethreegroups.9.HigheducationoftheUSAnswer:InAmerica,higheducationreferstoeducationonthecollegelevel.Americanhighereducationincludesfourcategoriesofinstitutions,.Theyaretheuniversity,thefour-yearundergraduateinsti