大学体验英语4-U4

Unit4FamilyWarmUpScript/Answers1.Themajorityofsinglemotherssuffersfrommorefinancialhardshipandsocialdeprivationthancouplesdo.Singlemothersarealmost70percentmorelikelytodieprematurelythanthosewhoarelivingwithapartner.2.Womeninthe21stcenturyarehighlyeducated,havetremendousearningpotentialandwerebroughtuptobelievethatsexualequalitywastheirright.Thenewconservativehousewifehasgivenupherhigh-statusjobtostayathomewiththechildren.3.Astarkclassdivideisopeningbetweencareerwomenandmotherswhogiveupworktobecomehousewives.Modemeducationandequalaccesstotheworkplaceprovidecareermomsincreasingsocialcapitalorstatus.Onthecontrary,stay-at-homemothersrapidlylosetheirsocialstatus.Middle-classwomenarebecomingmoreandmorepolarized.4.Somepeopleclaimtheconstantemphasisonequaleconomicachievementformenandwomenisfeedingthedivorcerateanddestroyingfamilylife.Inaddition,manymotherschoosetostayathometoensurethatthey,ratherthananoutsider,playthemainroleinbringinguptheirchildren.5.Whilereformsinequal-opportunitylegislationoverthepast30yearshaveimprovedwomen'slifechances,allthegainscanbelostatthepointwhentheyhavechildreniftheyareunabletoaffordnurseriesornannies.6.Divorcedoesn'tnecessarilymakeadultshappy.Buttoughingitout（尽管有困难而熬过；忍受：）inanunhappymarriageuntilitturnsaroundjustright.Anewstudysays,divorcedidn'treducesymptomsofdepressionorraiseself-esteem.Stayingmarrieddidnottendtotrapunhappyspousesinviolentrelationships.7.Crucialtoanyfamily'ssuccessisaninvestmentoftime,energy,spiritandheart,aninvestmentotherwiseknownascommitment.Thefamilycomesfirst.Familymembersarededicatedtopromotingeachother'swelfareandhappiness--andtheyexpectthefamilytoendure.OralPreviewScript/AnswersAmericanvaluesarevaluedinthehome.Manyhomesarerunlikeademocracy.Eachfamilymembercanhaveasay.AsenseofequalityoftenexistsinAmericanhomes.Husbandsandwivesoftensharehouseholdchores.FamiliesinAmerica,likethoseineveryculture,facemanyproblems,SocialpressuresarebreakingapartmoreandmoreAmericanhomes.OverhalfofUSmarriagesnowendindivorce.Womenarebeginningtorisesteadilytothetopintheworkplacealloverthedevelopedworld,butintheUStheyareforgingahead.ListeningTaskIFirstListeningAnswers1.Manyhomesarerunlikeademocracy.2.SocialpressuresarebreakingapartmoreandmoreAmericanhomes.3.Manyorganizationsareworkinghardtostrengthenfamilies.SecondListeningAnswers1.Eachfamilymembercanhaveasay./AsenseofequalityoftenexistsinAmericanhomes.2.OverhalfofUSmarriagesnowendindivorce.3.Manywomenarequittingtheirjobstostayhomewiththeirchildren./Familiesaregoingonvacationsandoutingstogether./Husbandsandwivesaremakingaconcentratedefforttokeeptheirmarriagessolid.ThirdListeningScriptThetraditionalAmericanfamilyisanuclearfamily核心家庭.Anuclearfamilyreferstoahusbandandwifeandtheirchildren.TheaverageAmericanfamilytodayhastwoorthreechildren.Insomecultures,peopleliveclosetotheirextendedfamily.Severalgenerationsmayevenlivetogether.InAmerica,onlyinafewcasesdoesmorethanonehouseholdliveunderoneroof.Americanvaluesarevaluedinthehome.Manyhomesarerunlikeademocracy.Eachfamilymembercanhaveasay.AsenseofequalityoftenexistsinAmericanhomes.Husbandsandwivesoftensharehouseholdchores.Oftenparentsgivechildrenfreedomtomaketheirowndecisions.Preschoolerschoosewhatclothestowearorwhichtoystobuy.Youngadultsgenerallymaketheirownchoicesaboutwhatcareertopursueandwhomtomarry.FamiliesinAmerica,likethoseineveryculture,facemanyproblems.SocialpressuresarebreakingapartmoreandmoreAmericanhomes.OverhalfofUSmarriagesnowendindivorce.MorethanoneinfourAmericanchildrenaregrowingupmsingle-parenthomes.Asaresult,manypeoplebelievetheAmericanfamilyisintrouble.Evenso,thereisstillreasonforhope.Manyorganizationsareworkinghardtostrengthenfamilies.Americansalmostunanimouslybelievethatthefamilyisoneofthemostimportantpartsoflife.Theyrealizethatproblemsinfamilylifeinrecentyearshavebroughtseriousconsequences.Asaresult,moreandmorepeoplearemakingtheirfamilyapriority.Manywomenarequittingtheirjobstostayhomewiththeirchildren.Familiesaregoingonvacationsandoutingstogether.Husbandsandwivesaremakingaconcentratedefforttokeeptheirmarriagessolid.TheUnitedNationshasdeclared1994theInternationalYearofFamily.NotjustinAmerica,butallovertheworld,peoplerecognizetheimportanceofastrongfamilybond:ListeningTask2FirstlisteningAnswerAmbitiouswomenareincreasinglylookingforhousehusbandsandleavemenatthekitchensink.SecondListening/AnswersThereisagrowingacceptanceofmenashousehusbands.Malewhite-collarworkerswereexcessiveinthelastthreeyears.ScriptWomenarebeginningtorisesteadilytothetopintheworkplacealloverthedevelopedworld,butintheUStheyareforgingahead.NewfiguresshowthatinalmostathirdofAmericanhouseholdswithaworkingwife,thewomanbringshomemoremoneythanherhusband.TheyaregainingmorecollegedegreesandMastersofBusinessAdministrationqualificationsthanmenandnowoccupyhalfthecountry'shigh-paying,executiveadministrativeandmanagerialoccupations,comparedwith34percent20yearsago.Thetrendiscausedbytwomainfactors,expertssay--agrowingacceptanceofmenashousehusbandsandmassredundancyofmalewhite-collarworkersfromthetechnology,financeandmediaindus