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InvertedWordOrder:倒装语序倒装语法知识梳理•英语的语序一般是固定的，即主语在前，谓语在后，称为“自然语序”。•谓语动词如果被移到主语之前，这种现象称为倒装。•倒装语序可分为全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装是指将整个谓语部分全部置于主语之前，不借助助动词的倒装；部分倒装是指句子主语和助动词、情态动词以及动词be之间的倒装。倒装句的意义1.适应一定的语法结构的需要，主要是指疑问句句型结构的需要。这一种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误。MayIcomein？WasthePeople'sLiberationArmyfoundedin1927？2.由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。如为了强调某一部分，而把这部分放到句首构成倒装。NeverhaveIbeenlateforschoolthisterm.Soearlydidhecometoschoolthatnootherstudentscame.用于全部倒装几种句型全部倒装类型1.由副词here,there,now,then,such等开头的句子中,如果主语为名词,而谓语是be,come,go,等一类的动词,整个句子应采用全部倒装。如：Hereisthebookyouwant.Nowcomesyourturn.Thencameanewdifficulty.Sucharethefacts;noonecandenythem.2.象声词或out,in,away,up,down,off等方向副词开头，通常使用全部倒装。•Click-clickwenttheweavingloom.•Awaywentthecarlikeawhirlwind.•Followingtheroar,outrushedatigerfromamongthebushes.注意：上述这两个句型里的主语如果是人称代词，或谓语是及物动词，后面带有宾语，就不需要倒装了。Hereshecomes.Therethegoalkeeperfoundthedeadbody.Awaywentthenaughtyboy.•3.当表示地点的介词短语置于句首时，为了表示强调或保持句子平衡，句子要用完全倒装，其结构为介词短语+不及物动词，如be/lie/go/come/stand/exist等+主语（主语只能是名词,若为人称代词，则主谓不倒装）。•Behindthecounterstoodthemanager.•Fromtheroomcameasoundofquarrelling.•Ontopofthehillstandsatower.4.当句首为first,last作表语时，需要倒装主语和系动词be，构成全部倒装。•Firsttointroducearethegirlsfromclassone.•Lasttoblamefortheaccidentisthatlittleboy.5.在therebe的结构中,常用全部倒装。常用此结构的动词有be,appear,come,exist,happen,lie,live,occur,remain,seem,stand等。•Thereisamanatthedoorwhowantstoseeyou.•Thereappearstobeanewtowninthedistance.•Therecameakonckatthedoor.6.当句子主语较长时,常将作表语的形容词、介词短语、过去分词及现在分词等置于句首,形成完全倒装。Moreimportantisthequestionhowtopreventourairfromgettingpolluted.Aroundthelakeareahugenumberoffarms.7.在介词加关系代词引导的定语从句中，谓语为不及物动词或被动语态时，常用倒装形式。其倒装结构为先行词+介词+关系代词+谓语+主语。•Nearbywasasmallcottage,inwhichlivedanoldcouple.•Youcanseethegateatwhichstandsaguard.•Theroadonbothsidesofwhichareplantedtreesiswide.•Thehenslayeggs,outofwhichcomeotherchichens.8.由longlive,may构成的表示祝愿的祈使句。其倒装结构式为：Longlive+主语！或May+主语+谓语！•Longliveourfriendship!•Longlivethegreatunityofthepeopleoftheworld!•Mayyousucceedincareerandmarriage!•Mayyouhaveapleasantjourney!全部倒装中的高频考点考点1：与介词短语有关的倒装句1.Inthedarkforests_____,somelargeenoughtoholdseveralEnglishtowns.A.standmanylakesB.liemanylakesC.manylakeslieD.manylakesstand2.Justinfrontofourhouse____withahistoryof1,000years.A.doesatalltreestandB.standsatalltreeC.atalltreeisstandingD.atalltreestands考点2:表示位置移动、时间的副词放在句首。1.Hearingthedogsbarkingfiercely,away___.A.fleeingthethiefB.wasfleeingthethiefC.thethiefwasfleeingD.fledthethief2.Foramomentnothinghappened.Then__allshoutingtogether.A.voiceshadcomeB.camevoicesC.voiceswouldcomeD.didvoicescome英语中的前置（Fronting）•在形式上的倒装在语法上称为前置。前置是一种修辞手段，目的是为了表示强调。它的特点是，只把强调的内容提至句首，而不改变句子的主谓结构。英语中主要有宾语、表语、宾语补足语、状语的前置。examplesTheirsupportwedon'tneed!(宾语前置)Warmerandwarmeritgets.(表语前置)Themoreheearns,themorehespends.(宾语前置)DishonestIneverthoughtyou.(宾语补足语前置)Withoutfear,shefacedtheenemy.(状语前置)几种需要特别注意的前置结构1.以what或how开头的感叹句（表语或宾语提前）。•Whataninterestingtalktheyhad!•Howinterestingtheirtalkis!2.themore...,themore...的结构中，通常将表语或状语或宾语提前。•ThemoreyoulistentoEnglish,theeaiseritbecomes.•Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.3.however,whatever,whoever引导的让步状语从句。1）however+adj./adv....(=nomatterhow)引导的让步状语从句•Howeverdifficulttheproblemmaybe,wemustworkitoutthisevening.2)whatever+n.+...(=nomatterwhat)引导的让步状语从句。•Whateverreasonsyouhave,youshouldcarryoutyourpromise.3)whoever=nomatterwho•Whoeveryouare,youcan'tpassthisway.4.as,though引导的让步状语从句。1）表语的前置•Tiredas/thoughhewas,hestillwentonwithhiswork.•Strangeas/thoughitseems,itistrue.•Exhaustedas/thoughshewas,shewasn'tabletosleep.2)宾语的前置•Tryashemight,hedidn'tpasstheexam.•Searchastheywouldhereandthere,theycouldfindnothingintheroom.3)状语的前置•Muchashelikesthebike,hedoesn'twanttobuyit.•HardasIstudied,Icouldnotcatchupwiththem.注意：•a.如果是单数名词或形容词最高级作表语，不再用冠词。•b.句首是实义动词时，其他助动词则放在主语之后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，则宾语和状语随实义动词一起放在主语之前。Foolashewas,hecouldtellrightfromwrong.Youngestasheis,hespeaksEnglishbest.Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.前置结构中的高频考点•考点1：as引导的让步状语从句_____，hisideawasacceptedbyallthepeopleatthemeeting.A.StrangeasmightitsoundB.AsitmightsoundstrangeC.AsstrangeitmightsoundD.Strangeasitmightsound•考点2：however引导的让步状语从句Thisisaveryinterestingbook，Iwillbuyit，_________.A.howmuchmayitcostB.nomatterhowitmaycostC.howevermuchitmaycostD.howmayitcost•练习：1.--Iseveryonehere?•--Notyet...Look,there__therestofourguests.•A.comeB.comes•C.iscomingD.arecoming2.Behindthecoach__ourteamwearingbluesuits.•A.walkB.haveC.isfollowedD.appears3.______,hetalksalotabouthisfavoritessingersafterclass.•Aquietstudentashemaybe•B.Quietstudentashemaybe•C.Beaquietstudentashemaybe•D.Quietashemaybeastudent4.______,Ihaveneverseenanyonewho’sascapableasJohn.(01年上海卷)•A.AslongasIhavetraveled•B.NowthatIhavetraveledsomuch•C.MuchasIhavetraveled•D.AsIhavetraveledsomuch