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广东省2012年高考英语语法填空RationalCloze高三英语组集体备课ppt.思考：一、广东省2012年高考英语语法填空题怎样考？二、广东省2012年高考英语语法填空题考什么？三、如何解题？如何备考?ExampleSportsshouldhelpamantolearnfairness,notonlyingamesbutalsoinandforlife.Iftwoteamsplay____31____game,oneteammustlose.Ifadozenteamsattendanathleticcompetition,____32____teamwillgetthemostpointsandallthe___33____eleventeamswillget_____34_____points.Ifaschoolteamcomesoutlast,thatisnolossofface._____35_____thatteamandthatschoolmustdoisadmitthatit____36____(lose).Theonlyintelligentreaction____37_____defeatmustbe:nextyearwewilldoourbesttocomeoutontop,becausefromnowonourteamwilldevote____38____toastrictercourseoftrainingundercompetentinstructors.Lessons______39____(learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.Butevenmore_____40____(value)arethelessonslearnedinextra-curricularactivitiesinschool:inspeech,dramaticandmusicalcontests,in“house”activitiesand,especially,inthestudentcouncil.Keys:Sportsshouldhelpamantolearnfairness,notonlyingamesbutalsoinandforlife.Iftwoteamsplay1_____game,oneteammustlose.[Ifadozenteamsattendanathleticcompetition,2______teamwillgetthemostpointsandallthe3_______eleventeamswillget4______points.Ifaschoolteamcomesoutlast,thatisnolossofface.][5______thatteamandthatschoolmustdoisadmitthatit6______(lose).]aoneotherfewerWhatlost文意的贯通1.Ifadozenteamsattendanathleticcompetition,oneteamwillgetthemostpointsandalltheothereleventeamswillgetfewerpoints.分析句子5_______thatteamandthatschoolmustdoisadmitthatit6______(lose).通过分析句子结构，知道空格5题所在的是个主语从句，它应该是个做do的宾语；又通过分析句子结构，知道空格6题所在的句子是个宾语从句，动词lose在句中做谓语。WhatlostTheonlyintelligentreaction7______defeatmustbe:nextyearwewilldoourbesttocomeoutontop,[becausefromnowonourteamwilldevote8______toastrictercourseoftrainingundercompetentinstructors.][Lessons9________(learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.][Butevenmore10___________(value)arethelessonslearnedinextra-curricularactivitiesinschool]:inspeech,dramaticandmusicalcontests,in“house”activitiesand,especially,inthestudentcouncil.toitselflearnedvaluable文意的贯通2….becausefromnowonourteamwilldevoteitselftoastrictercourseoftrainingundercompetentinstructors.分析句子Lessons9_______(learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.通过分析句子，知道动词learn在句子中不做谓语，而做定语，它与其逻辑主语lessons是被动关系，因此应当用过去分词形式。learned分析句子Butevenmore10_________(value)arethelessonslearnedinextra-curricularactivitiesinschool:…通过分析句子，知道这个句子是个倒装句，其正常的句序是：Butthelessonslearnedinextra-curricularactivitiesinschoolaremore________:…,因此，空格10题在句子中做“are”的表语，用形容词。valuable解题过程中的几个关键问题：问题一：如何把握语篇特征，整体理解文章主旨？分析篇章结构1、文章体裁2、文章的话题3、篇章结构：段落层次及主题句5、中心大意（内容）分析篇章:文章的中心大意文意的理解直接影响你的填词的决定１.文段中谈及的要点，发生的时间、地点、原因、人物及其关系等２.要通过字里行间的意思推断作者的观点、意图和立场，例如，作者同意什么，反对什么，喜好什么，憎恶什么，主张什么等等。解题过程中的几个关键问题问题二：如何正确运用所学到的语法知识？分析句子结构请看例题中的句子：__5___thatteamandthatschoolmustdoistoadmitthatit__6__(lose).通过分析句子结构，知道空格5题所在的是个主语从句，它应该是个做do的宾语；又通过分析句子结构，知道空格6题所在的句子是个宾语从句，动词lose在句中做谓语。请看例题中的句子Lessons____9___(learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.通过分析句子，知道动词learn在句子中不做谓语，而做定语，它与其逻辑主语lessons是被动关系，因此应当用过去分词形式。请看例题中的句子Butevenmore____10____(value)arethelessonslearnedinextra-curricularactivitiesinschool:…通过分析句子，知道这个句子是个倒装句，其正常的句序是：Butthelessonslearnedinextra-curricularactivitiesinschoolaremore________:…,因此，空格10题在句子中做“are”的表语，用形容词。英语句型结构：(1)主语+谓语(+宾语+宾补)(2)主语+系动词+表语充当各个句子成分的典型词类(1)充当主语或宾语的典型词类是：(2)充当谓语的一定是：(3)充当补语或表语的典型词类是：(4)在名词前作定语的典型词类是：(5)作状语的典型词类是：名词或代词。此外，还有动名词、不定式短语等动词形容词形容词或形容词性物主代词副词并列句和复合句并列句：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句复合句：主句（主＋谓＋宾）＋从句（连接词＋主＋谓）两个或几个简单句之间若不用句号或分号，就必须要用连词，否则，句子的结构就不完整。连词主要有以下四类：(1)并列句：用and,but,or,while(而，却),when(就在这个时候)等(2)状语从句：(3)定语从句：(4)名词从句：用if,unless,before,after,until,although,though,as,since,because,so,sothat等用who,which,that,when,where,why等用that,if/whether(是否),wh-等解题过程中的几个关键问题问题三：如何保证全文语意的贯通?学习例题中的语意的贯通请朗读例题一遍，学习例题中的语意的贯通。1.Ifadozenteamsattendanathleticcompetition,oneteamwillgetthemostpointsandalltheothereleventeamswillgetfewerpoints.2….becausefromnowonourteamwilldevoteitselftoastrictercourseoftrainingundercompetentinstructors.保证全文语意的贯通一、注意词汇的复现关系：指某一个词以原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词等出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系得以相互衔接。例如：Peopleestablishnewcompaniestomakeandservegoodsbecausetheywanttomakea1_______.Theyworktoimprovetheirgoodsandservices,todevisenewproductsandtomakeaprofit.Aproductmustbesomethingthat2________willchoosetobuy.Thisgivestheconsumerssomepower.Whatevertheyarewillingandabletobuyiscalleddemand.3_______ismadeandofferedforsaleiscalledsupply.Thedemandforaproductorservicealwaysaffectsthe4______ofthatproductorservice.Forexample,5____consumersbuyonlysmallcars,car-makerswillkeeponmakingthem.Ifconsumersbuylarge6_______,car-makerswillmaketheseinstead.Sometimes,thequalityoftheservicethatisavailablewilldecidewhichcarsarebought.profitconsumerswhateversupplyifcars/onesKeys:–1.profit,和下文重现。–2.consumers,和下文重现.–3.whatever,和上文重现,构成并列结构。–4.supply,和上文重现。–5.if,和下文重现，构成并列结构。–6.cars或ones，和上文重现。保证全文语意的贯通二、注意词汇的同现关系：指词汇共同出现的倾向。如：1．Somepeopleprefertoliveinthecity,_____liketoliveinthecountryside.此处应该填others,二者总是同时出现。2．Humanbrainshavetwosides,the_____sideandtherightone.此处应该填left.根据上下文，大脑分为两边，下文为右边，上文应为左边，左和右同现。保证全文语意的贯