科技文献英文摘要写作

英文摘要写作一、摘要：是报告、论文内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述。资料性文摘（informativeabstract）一般用来反映科技论文的目的、方法及主要结果与结论，在有限的字数内向读者提供尽可能多的定性或定量的信息，充分反映该研究的创新之处。指示性文摘（indicativeabstract）资料-指示性文摘二、摘要的结构目的(objective)：主要说明本文主要目的、任务、要解决的问题、或研究所涉及的主题范围。方法(method(s))：说明作者的主要工作过程及使用的方法。结果(result(s))：指实验研究的结果、数据、、观察结果、得到的效果性能、被确定的关系等。结论(conclusion(s))：指结果的分析、评价、应用、比较。是这些“结果”的价值、意义与用途，也可以是各种假设或建议。Abstract:Objective:Theimmobilizationconditionsanditsapplicationinsynthesisofsalidrosidewerestudiedbyusingchitosanandsodiumalginateascarrierfortheimmobilizationofβ-glucosidase.Method:Theoptimalconditionsforimmobilizationwereobtainedthroughorthogonalexperimentsandthesynthesisconditionswereoptimizedwiththeconversionrateasanindex.StudyonSynthesisofSalidrosideUsingImmobilizationβ-glucosidaseResult:Thehighestrecoveryactivityofimmobilizationβ-glucosidase(74.38%)wasobtainedwithchitosanconcentrationof1.5%,adsorptiontimeof9hours,cross-linkingtimeof12h,glutaraldehydeconcentrationof1.0%andadsorptiontemperatureof0℃.Theresearchonsynthesisreactionconditionsalsoshowedthattheconversionrateofsalidrosidecouldreach71.9%atthepH5.8acetatebuffer/tert-butylalcohol(1:9)systemwhenreactiontimewas50hours,reactiontemperaturewas50℃,tyrosolconcentrationwas5g/Landsubstratemolarratio(D–glucose/tyrosol)was1:1.Conclusion:TheconversionrateofsalidrosidewasenhancedsothatthispavedthewayforIndustrial-scaleproductionBio-fermentationofmodifiedflavonoidsAbstractAbio-fermentationtechniquewasusedfortheinvivodiversificationofflavonoidstructuresbasedonexpressioninEscherichiacoliofsixO-methyltransferases(OMTs)fromMenthaxpiperitaandoneO-glucosyltransferase(GT)eachfromArabidopsisthalianaandAlliumcepa.Enzymeswereshowntoberegio-specificininvitroexperimentsandmodifiedabroadrangeofflavonoidsubstratesatvariouspositions.Usingtheflavonolquercetinasamodelsubstrate,weshowthattheproductspectrumproducedwiththeinvivoapproachisidenticaltothatfoundinvitro.Additionally,usingmixedculturesofE.coliexpressingdifferentclassesofmodifyinggenes(OMTsandGTs),theproductionofpolymethylatedflavonoidglucosideswasobserved.Thisreportdemonstratesthepotentialtoincreasethestructuraldiversityofplantsecondarymetabolitesusingamulti-enzyme,bio-fermentationapproach.LovastatininducesgrowthinhibitionandapoptosisinhumanmalignantgliomacellsAbstract:ThecompetitiveHMG-CoAreductaseinhibitorlovastatinhasbeenshowntosuppressgrowthandinducemorphologicalchangesinavarietyifnon-gliomatumorcelllines.ThisstudyassessestheeffectsofthisagentonthegrowthandsurvivalofthehumanmalignantgliomacelllinesA172andU87-MG.Theresponsetothedrugwasinvestigatedusingacellproliferationassaywhichrevealedsignificantdose-dependentgrowthinhibition.Treatmentwithaslittleas100nMlovastatinoveraperiodof72hoursledtoDNAdegradationintonucleosome-sizedfragmentscharacteristicofapoptosis.OurdatasuggestthatHMG-CoAreductaseinhibitorssuchaslovastatinmeritfurtherinvestigationaspotentialtherapeuticagentsforthetreatmentofmalignantgliomas.三、摘要的时态目的：一般现在时，一般过去时。方法：一般过去时结果：一般过去时结论：一般现在时背景：一般现在时，现在完成时。所用时态需与事情发生时间一致四、动词的语态、语气及人称1．语态：大多以强调的事物作主语,使用被动语态。2．语气：摘要不使用疑问句和感叹句,宜平铺直叙,一般也不使用虚拟语气。3．人称：避使用第一或第二人称。绝大多数英文摘要都使用第三人称。有时可见使用第一人称we.五、常用句型1.目的paperreportthesisworkpresentationdocumentStudysexploresdescribesreportsexplainsoutlinessummarizesdocumentsevaluatesdevelopsinvestigatesdiscussesfocusesonanalyzesThisTheaim(purpose,goal.etc.)ofthisstudy(investigation,test,experiment,paper,etc.)istoThisstudyisdesigned(intended,undertaken,conducted,etc.)toToexamineascertainexploreinvestigateteststudyanalyzeisolatecomparedetermineassessdescribedistinguishelucidateestablishestimateevaluateprovideThispaperdiscribestheisolationandpurificationofpolysaccharidefromalga.Theaimofthisarticleistostudytheisolationandpurificationofpolysaccharidefromalga.Theisolationandpurificationofpolysaccharidefromalgawasstudied.Tostudytheisolationandpurificationofpolysaccharidefromalga.例句：研究了海藻（alga）多糖的分离纯化。Tostudytheisolationandpurificationofpolysaccharidefromalgabyultrafiltration.研究了利用超滤技术分离纯化海藻（alga）多糖。Theisolationandpurificationofpolysaccharidefromalgabyultrafiltrationwasstudied.Theultrafiltrationtechnologyforisolationandpurificationthepolysaccharidefromalgawasstudied.Theultrafiltrationtechnologywasappliedtotheisolationandpurificationthepolysaccharidefromalga.对海藻（alga）多糖的分离工艺进行了优化。Tooptimizetheseparationprocessofpolysaccharidefromalga.研究了海藻多糖的分析方法。Todevelop(establish)anovelmethodforanalysisofpolysaccharidefromalga.2．方法常用词sthwerecarryout(conductdevelopdesignperformundertakeoperate)using(byusing、by、through、with、utilizing、)上清用硫酸铵沉淀，得到的沉淀物溶解后用离子交换树脂进一步纯化。Thesupernatantwasprecipitatedusingammoniumsulfate,andtheprecipitateobtainedwasdissolved,andfurtherpurifiedbyion-exchangechromatography.通过单因子和正交试验对提取条件进行了优化。Theextractionconditionswereoptimizedthroughsingle-factorandorthogonaltests.分离得到的组分用红外色谱、高效液相、核磁共振进行了分析和鉴定。ThecomponentsisolatedwasanalyzedandcharacterizedbyIR,HPLC,andNMR.3.结果Itwasfound(observed,noted,seen,recorded,etc.)that….许多时候直接表述结果。在底物浓度为0.5g/mL,pH4.5,40℃下反应8h，产物的得率为70%。Theyieldwas70%withsubstrateconcentrationof0.5g/mL,atpH4