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题型训练----阅读理解ErinHE•一．考查的内容：本部分测试考生理解关于一般性话题的英语简短文章的能力”（具体），强调“一般性话题”和“简短文章”，暗示选材不会超越中学生应有的知识涵盖面。•二．考查的目的•1.这个题型集中、全面地考查考生从阅读中准确获取信息的能力，•2.强调考生对语篇的整体把握能力，•3.对语言文化因素的运用能力和解决实际问题的能力。•三．试题的类型•1.客观性试题一般要求考生通过扫读全文或细读文章的某个部分，从而获得解题所需要的信息。（考题中的细节题）•2.主观性试题要求考生透过文章的字面信息进行分析、归纳、推理或想象，如对作者的写作意图，人物性格特征、行为动机，事件的前因后果、故事的发展走向，文章的中心思想等作出合理判断。（考题中的主旨大意题，篇章结构题，写作的目的和对象，以及猜词义和句义题）四．题目的类型•1.主旨归纳题•1）主题型主旨归纳题•2）作者意图类的主旨归纳题•3）标题类主旨归纳题主旨归纳题答题要诀•1.善用寻读法，找准主题句•1)读首句抓大意（这些文章开门见山提出主题，随之用细节来解释或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。在说明文、议论文、科技文献和新闻报道多采用这种格式）•2）读尾句抓大意（这类文章通常先摆出事实依据，层层推理论证，在表述细节后归纳要点，最后自然地得出结论，即段落的主题）•3）从段落中抓大意（此类文章往往以一句或几句话来表达主题，在主题句出现后，再举例陈述细节或继续论证，即引题—主题思想——解释或继续论证）•4）归纳要点抓大意（文章没有明确的主题句，考生必须根据文章的内容，进行综合分析，找出共同的东西，归纳成一般概念。这类文章通常是叙述一件事的发展过程，或是陈述一系列同等重要的细节或事实.)2.推理判断题•正确理解作者的观点、立场和寓意•纵观全文、看清文章机构、抓住细节、周密分析、合理推断•作选择时要使你所选答案与作者的立场保持一致。这也是一条原则3.词义理解的解决方法•根据定义和解释来猜测词义•根据同义、反义、同等、同位、对等关系猜测词义•据因果关系和上下文猜测词义4.细节题steps•1.每段的topicsentence•2.总结mainidea,style,structure•3.浓缩mainidea,选择tiltle•体会作者的purpose，attitude,forwhom•4.解决detail与whole的关系（段落中）•准确理解所猜newwords与sentence的意思Threeyearsago,fiveparrotsweresetfreeinawildplaceofArizona,thousandsofmilesfromtheChannelIsIandsinJerseywheretheyhadbeenlookedafterbyzookeepers.NoevolutionarystrategiesinformedthemhowtobehaveinthisnewIandscapeofmountainouspineforestunoccupiedbytheirkindfor50years.Totheresearchers’surprise,theyfailedtomakecontactwithagroupofwildparrotsimportedfromMexicoandsetfreeatthesametime.Within24hoursthereintroducingendedinfailure,andthepoorbirdswerebackincages,ontheirwaytothesafetyoftheArizonareintroductionprogramme.•Eversincethen,theprogrammehasenjoyedgreatsuccess,mainlybecausethebirdsnowbeingsetfreeareMexicanbirdsillegallycaughtinthewild,confiscated(没收)onarrivalnorthoftheborder,andraisedbytheirparentsinthesafetyoftheprogramme.Theexperienceshowshowlittleweknowaboutthebehaviourandpsychology(心理)ofparrots,asPeterBennett,abirdresearcher,pointsout:”Reintroducingspeciesofhighintelligencelikeparrotsisalotmoredifficult.Peoplelikeparrots,alwaystreatingthemasnothingmorethanpetsorvaluable‘collectables’.”▽•Nowthatmanyspeciesofparrotareinimmediatedangerofdyingout,biologistsareworkingtogethertostudythenaturalhistoryandthebehaviourofthisfamilyofbirds.Lastyearwasanimportantturningpoint:conservationistsfoundedtheWorldParrotTrust,basedatHayleinCornwall,tosupportresearchintobothwildandcagedbirds.•Researchonparrotsisvitalfortworeasons.First,astheArizonaprogrammeshowed,whenreintroducingparrotstothewild,weneedtobeawareofwhatthebirdsmustknowiftheyaretosurviveintheirnaturalhome.Wealsoneedtolearnmoreabouttheneedsofparrotskeptaspets,particularlyastheTrust’scampaigndoesnotattempttodiscouragethepractice,butratherurgespeoplewhobuyparrotsaspetstochoosebirdsraisedbyhumans.STEPSI.Topicsentenceofeachparagraph:•1.thereintroducingendedinfailure,andthepoorbirdswerebackincages.(段中）•2.Theexperienceshowshowlittleweknowaboutthebehaviourandpsychology(心理)ofparrots.（段中）•3.biologistsareworkingtogethertostudythenaturalhistoryandthebehaviourofthisfamilyofbirds.（段首）•4.Researchonparrotsisvitalfortworeasons.（段首）II•Mainidea:几年前，人们将几只笼养的鹦鹉放归自然，但由于这些鹦鹉难以适应野外生活，又飞回了他们的笼子里。这一现象引起人们的关注，我们应该对它们的行为和心理有更多的了解。•Style:exposition•Structure:1.由实验引出一个现象•2.分析实验失败的原因•3.这个试验的必要性•4.建议人们应该怎么做III•1.写作目的通常有以下三种：•①娱乐读者•②说服读者接受某种观点•③告知读者某些信息2.FORWHOMTHISPASSAGEIS?IV•Therelationshipbetweeneachparagraphorinoneparagraph:55.Whatdoweknowabouttheareawherethefiveparrotswerereintroduced?A.Itslandscapeisnewtoparrotsoftheirkind.B.Itusedtobehometoparrotsoftheirkind.C.Itisclosetowheretheyhadbeenkept.D.Pinetreeswereplantedtoattractbirds.对原文句子的同义重复NoevolutionarystrategiesinformedthemhowtobehaveinthisnewIandscapeofmountainouspineforestunoccupiedbytheirkingfor50years.IV•56.Thereintroducingexperiencethreeyearsagoshowsthatman-raisedparrots______.•A.canfindtheirwaybackhomeinJersey•B.areunabletorecognizetheirparents•C.areunabletoadapttothewild•D.canproduceanewspecies正确选项的特征就是对原文相关信息的同义重复，分别有词汇、句子或词句之间等不同层面的重复Totheresearchers’surprise,theyfailedtomakecontactwithagroupofwildparrotsimportedfromMexicoandsetfreeatthesametime.IV•57.Whyareresearchesonparrotsimportantaccordingtothepassage?•A.TheTrustshowsgreatconcernfortheprogramme.•B.Weneedtoknowsmoreabouthowtopreserveparrots•C.Manypeopleareinterestedincollectingparrots.•D.Parrots’intelligencemaysomedaybenefitpeople正确选项的特征就是对原文相关信息的同义重复，分别有词汇、句子或词句之间等不同层面的重复第4段Researchonparrotsisvital﹦IMPORTANTfortworeasons。First,astheArizonaprogrammeshowed,whenreintroducingparrotstothewild,weneedtobeawareofwhatthebirdsmustknowiftheyaretosurviveintheirnaturalhome.IV•58.Accordingtothepassage,pepleareadvised_______.•A.totreatwildandcagedparrotsequally•Btosetupcmfortablehomesforparrots•C.nottokeepwildparrotsaspets•D.nottoletmoreparrotsgotothewild第4段最后一句Wealsoneedtolearnmoreabouttheneedsofparrotskeptaspets(主句）,particularlyastheTrust’scampaigndoesnotattempttodiscouragethepractice,butratherurgespeople（whobuyparrotsaspets）tochoosebirdsraisedbyhumans（从句）.理解长难句PRACTICE•WhenIwassevenmyfathergavemeaTimex,myfirstwatch.Ilovedit,woreitforyears,andhaven’thadanotheronesinceitstoppedti